Sigaranın serum adma, L-NMMA, SDMA, arjinin ve α-klotho düzeyleri üzerine etkisi: vaka kontrol çalışması

Amaç: Sigara, başta kardiyovasküler hastalıklar olmak üzere pek çok hastalık için risk faktörüdür ve az sayıda biyobelirteç bu riski öngörmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sigaranın bu konuda aday biyobelirteçlerden olan ADMA (Asimetrik Dimetil Arginin), L-NMMA (NMonometil-L-Arjinin), SDMA (Simetrik Dimetil Arginin), arjinin ve α-klotho düzeylerine etkisini analiz etmek ve yaşa bağlı bu parametrelerin değişimini incelemektir. Gereç ve yöntem: Vaka-kontrol çalışması olarak tasarlanan bu araştırma 01/02/2021- 31/03/2021 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi Aile Hekimliği Sigara Bırakma Polikliniği’ne sigara bırakmak için başvuran erkek bireyler vaka grubunu oluşturmuştur. Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği’ne periyodik sağlık muayenesi için başvuran ve sigara içmeyen erkek bireyler de kontrol grubu olarak alınmıştır. Vaka ve kontrol grubunun sosyodemografik özellikleri, vücut kitle indeksleri, sistolik ve diyastolik kan basınçları, kreatin, hemogram ve lipit paneli parametreleri, Framingham risk skorları ve vaka grubunun Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi (FNBT)’ne göre bağımlılık düzeyleri kaydedildi. Her iki grubun ADMA, SDMA, L-NMMA, arjinin düzeyleri Selçuk Üniversitesi Tıbbi Biyokimya Anabilim Dalı laboratuvarında tandem kütle spektrometrik yöntemle; α-klotho düzeyleri Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) yöntemiyle analiz edildi. Veriler Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versiyon 22.0 istatistik paket programında değerlendirildi. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0.05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Sigara içen 65 bireyin yaş ortalaması 46,26±8,72 yıl; sigara içmeyen 71 bireyin yaş ortalaması 47,38±9,36 yıl idi. Sigara içen ve içmeyen bireyler arasında ADMA (p<0,001), SDMA (p<0,001), L-NMMA (p=0,024) ve arjinin (p<0,001) düzeyleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark mevcuttu. Sigara içen bireylerin serum ADMA, L-NMMA, SDMA düzeyleri, sigara içmeyenlere göre yüksek, arjinin seviyeleri ise sigara içmeyenlere göre düşük bulundu. Sigara içenlerin yaşları ile serum ADMA seviyeleri arasında pozitif yönde

Aim: Smoking is a risk factor for many diseases, especially cardiovascular diseases, and few biomarkers predict this risk. In this regard, the aim of this study candidate biomarkers of smoking; ADMA (Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine), L-NMMA (N-Monomethyl-L-arginine), SDMA (Symmetric Dimethyl Arginine), arginine and α-klotho levels and to analyze the variation of these parameters is to study the effect of age-related. Materials and methods: This research, which was designed as a case-control study, was conducted between 01/02/2021-31/03/2021. Male individuals who applied to Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Family Medicine Smoking Cessation Polyclinic to quit smoking constituted the case group. Non-smoker male individuals who applied to the Family Medicine Polyclinic for periodic health examination were also included in the control group. Sociodemographic characteristics, body mass indexes, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, creatine, hemogram and lipid panel parameters, Framingham risk scores and addiction levels of smokers according to the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test (FNBT) were recorded. ADMA, SDMA, L-NMMA, Arginine levels of both groups were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometric method in the laboratory of Selcuk University Department of Medical Biochemistry, serum α-klotho levels were analyzed by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The data were evaluated in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 statistical package program. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05 was accepted. Results: The mean age of 65 smokers was 46.26±8.72 years, and the mean age of 71 nonsmokers was 47.38±9.36 years. There was a statistically significant difference in ADMA (p<0.001), SDMA (p<0.001), L-NMMA (p=0.024) and arginine (p<0.001) levels between vii smokers and non-smokers. ADMA, L-NMMA, SDMA levels were higher in smokers than non-smokers, and arginine levels were lower than non-smokers. There was a highly significant positive correlation between the age of smokers and serum ADMA levels (r=0.409, p=0.001). There was a moderately significant positive correlation between the age of non-smokers and serum ADMA levels (r=0.237, p=0.047). Klotho levels were significantly lower in smokers than in non-smokers (p<0.001). There was a moderately significant negative correlation between the age of smokers and serum α-klotho levels (r=- 0.293, p=0.018). There was also a moderately significant negative correlation between the ages of non-smokers and their serum α-klotho levels (r=-0.108, p=0.369). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that serum ADMA, L-NMMA, and SDMA levels are higher in smokers than in non-smokers; showed that arginine and klotho levels were low, there was also a positive correlation between age and serum ADMA, L-NMMA, SDMA levels, and a negative correlation between arginine and α-klotho levels. Therefore, it may be thought that smoking may cause high levels of methylarginines and low levels of α-klotho and may be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and premature aging.