Isik, MustafaAltas, LeventOzcan, SametSimsek, IsmailAgdag, Osman NuriAlas, Ali2024-02-232024-02-2320121226-086Xhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.002https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/12210High calcium concentrations are problematic, because they lead to clogging of pipelines, boilers and heat exchangers through scaling, or malfunctioning of aerobic and anaerobic reactors. Urea hydrolysis provides simultaneously a pH and CO2 increase, both of which are responsible of CaCO3 production. This study was carried out to determine urea concentrations between 5 and 20 mM on ureolytic mixed culture treating synthetic wastewater. The optimum urea concentration was found as 15 mM for effective calcium removal. This work showed the feasibility of urea-based microbial carbonate precipitation as an alternative Ca2+ removal technology. (C) 2012 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessUreaCalcificationPrecipitationCalciumWastewaterArticle186190819112-s2.0-84867638089Q1WOS:000311005500007Q110.1016/j.jiec.2012.05.002