Kaptan, Ahmet YigitOzer, MustafaAlim, EcePercin, AliAyanoglu, TacettinOzturk, Burak YagmurKanatli, Ulunay2024-02-232024-02-2320221058-27461532-6500https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2021.07.026https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/12277Background: Although middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) variations have been shown in the literature, their clinical effect and relationship with intra-articular pathologies have yet to be revealed, except for the Buford complex. This study was designed to classify MGHL and to reveal its relationship with clinical pathologies. Methods: A total of 843 consecutive shoulder arthroscopies were evaluated retrospectively, and a classification system was proposed for MGHL with regard to its structure and its relation to the anterior labrum. The associations of each MGHL type with superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions, subscapularis tears, and anterior instability were investigated. Results: MGHL variations were grouped into 6 types according to the classification. A significant difference in favor of type 6 MGHL (Buford complex) was observed in the distribution of SLAP lesions (P < .001). There was no significant difference between MGHL types and the distribution of anterior instability history (P = .131) and subscapularis tears (P = .324). Conclusion: SLAP lesions accompany type 6 MGHLs (Buford complex) significantly more frequently than other types. There is also a negative relation between the anterior instability and thicker MGHL variants. (C) 2021 Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery Board of Trustees. All rights reserved.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessMiddle Glenohumeral LigamentBuford ComplexSlap LesionAnterior InstabilityAnatomic VariationsShoulder ArthroscopyArticle313E85E91344741362-s2.0-85118822936Q1WOS:000758866100001Q210.1016/j.jse.2021.07.026