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Öğe Ceratophyllum demersum L. Extract as a Botanical Insecticide for Controlling the Maize Weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)(Springer, 2017) Dogan, M.; Emsen, B.; Aasim, M.; Yildirim, E.Insecticidal activities of methanol and water extracts, obtained from in vitro propagation of Ceratophyllum demersum L. on maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) were laboratory studied. In vitro whole plant regeneration was obtained from nodal explants of C. demersum cultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) treated with various combinations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Different, concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml) of C. demersum extracts were tested. The highest mortality (100%) caused were determined by both extracts at the concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/ml after 96 h of exposure. LC50 of methanol and water extracts after 96 h were 1.720 and 1.015 mg/ml, respectively. It was detected that mortality was correlated with concentration and exposure time. These findings suggest that C. demersum extract could be considered as an effective biocontrol agent and could be used as an alternative to chemical insecticides.Öğe EFFECTS OF PRECONDITIONING, PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS AND KCL ON SHOOT REGENERATION OF PEANUT (ARACHIS HYPOGEA)(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2016) Day, S.; Aasim, M.; Bakhsh, A.Peanut (Arachis hypogeae) is an important legume used as green manure and cover crop also. In this study, preconditioned plumular apex explants with 20 mg L-1 BAP or unconditioned explants were cultured for 8 weeks on MS medium having 0.25-2.0 mg/l BAP with or without 0.25 mg L-1 NAA. 100 % shoot regeneration was recorded from both conditioned and unconditioned explants. However, conditioning of explants resulted in 1.5-2.0 fold more number of shoots per explants with relatively shorter shoots compared to unconditioned explants. Shoots per explant from unconditioned explants ranged 1.33-3.93 with 1.86-5.03 cm shoot length. Whereas, shoots per explant and shoot length of preconditioned explants ranged 2.73-5.87 and 0.77-1.75 cm respectively. In second experiment, 10, 15 and 20 muS/cm of KCl in combination with BA-NAA concentrations also resulted in 100 % shoot regeneration. Higher concentration of KCl imposed necrosis on the explants and generated shoots with low leaf area. Increased KCl concentration inhibited the shoots per explant but also enhanced the shoot length. In vitro regenerated shoots from both experiments were rooted successfully using IBA and acclimatized in the pots. Results revealed the superiority of preconditioning on shoot regeneration and KCl for shoot elongation.Öğe Insecticidal Activity of In Vitro Propagated Aquatic Plant Ceratophyllum demersum L. against Granary Weevil Sitophilus granarius L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)(Egyptian Soc Biological Control Pests, 2016) Emsen, B.; Dogan, M.; Aasim, M.; Yildirim, E.Insecticidal activities of methanol and water extracts obtained from in vitro propagated of Ceratophyllum demersum L., were tested on adults of the granary weevil Sitophilus granarius L.. In vitro shoot regeneration was achieved from shoot tip explants of C. demersum cultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) media containing various combinations of 6- Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Mortality percentages of the insects exposed to different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10 and 20 mg/ml) of the extracts at different intervals of 24, 48 and 96 h were determined. Methanol (99%) and water extracts gave (100%) mortality after 96 h. The lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) values of methanol and water extracts after 96 h were: 2.505 and 1.153 mg/ml, respectively. Furthermore, positive correlations at p < 0.01 level between mortality and concentration; mortality and exposure time for both extracts was detected. Based on the present results, it can be concluded that this aquatic plant extracts of C. demersum may have a potential action for control of S. granarius adults and can be suggested against storage pests.Öğe RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT NODAL AND INTERNODAL EXPLANTS ON IN VITRO SHOOT REGENERATION OF AQUATIC PLANT-SHINNERSIA RIVULARIS WEISS-GRUN(Pakistan Agricultural Scientists Forum, 2018) Kratatas, M.; Kaya, E.; Aasim, M.Aquatic plants are the primary and secondary producers of the ecosystem and also important part of aquatic industry. Shinnersia rivularis is an important ornamental plant of aquarium industry due to presnece of white veins on the leaves. S. rivularis is mainly vegetatively propagated. This study is the first report of propagating S. rivularis under in vitro conditions. Five different explants divided into two groups of nodal segments (shoot tip, 1st and 2nd nodal segment) and internodes (1st and 2nd internode) were cultured on agar solidified MS medium without any plant growth regulators (PGR) or enriched with 0.05-0.80 mg/l BA+0.20 mg/l NAA for eight weeks. 50-75 % shoot regeneration frequency was recorded irrespective of explant type or plant growth regulators (PGR). Shoots per explants ranged for shoot tip (4.33-12.71), 1st nodal segment (6.24-15.61), 2nd nodal segment (4.99-12.50), 1st internode (4.67-11.37) and 2nd internode (5.03-11.93). In general, maximum and minimum number of shoots per explants with average shoot length above 1 cm were recorded on MS medium containing 0.20 mg/l BA+ 0.20 mg/l NAA irrespective of explant type. In vitro regenerated shoots were rooted on agar solidified MS medium enriched with 1.0 mg/l IBA followed by successful adaptation in the aquarium provided with tap water (pH approximate to 8.5) and oxygen. 80 % of plants transferred to aquarium survived and continued their growth. This work can be employed for commercial propagation of S. rivularis and for further biotechnological studies
