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    Efficacy of gaseous ozone for reducing microflora and foodborne pathogens on button mushroom
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2015) Akata, Ilgaz; Torlak, Emrah; Erci, Fatih
    During growth, mushrooms can be contaminated with both saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms derived from various points of contamination. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of gaseous ozone for reduction of microbial load and elimination of Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia colt O157:H7 on white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus (J.E. Lange) Imbach). Whole mushroom samples were exposed to gaseous ozone up to 60 mm at concentrations of 2.8 and 5.3 mg L-1. The level of yeast and mold population naturally present on mushrooms was reduced more than 1.43 log after ozonation at 5.3 mg L-1 for 45 mm. Exposure to ozone at 2.8 and 5.3 mg L-1 for 60 min yielded 2.44 and 3.07 log reductions in aerobic plate counts, respectively. Initial levels of Salmonella, L monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 populations on inoculated mushrooms reduced by ranging 2.10 and 2.76 log after 60 min of treatment performed at concentration of 2.8 mg L-1, respectively. Ozonation at 5.3 mg L-1 for 60 mm reduced the initial counts of Salmonella, L monocytogenes and E. coli O157:H7 by 3.61, 2.80 and over 3.41 log, respectively. These results suggest that gaseous ozone treatment can improve the microbial safety and postharvest quality of mushrooms. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Use of gaseous ozone to reduce aflatoxin B1 and microorganisms in poultry feed
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Torlak, Emrah; Akata, Ilgaz; Erci, Fatih; Uncu, Ali Tevfik
    This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of gaseous ozone for the degradation of aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) and inactivation of indigenous microflora in poultry feed. Feed samples were treated with continuous stream of two different constant concentrations (2.8 and 5.3 mg/L) of ozone at room temperature up to 240 min. The initial AFB(1) level in artificially contaminated feed samples, determined as 32.8 mu g/kg, decreased by 74.3 and 86.4% after 240 min of exposure at 2.8 and 5.3 mg/L, respectively. At the both ozone concentrations, 240 min exposure was reduced the aerobic plate and yeast and mold counts below the detection limit (<10 CFU/g) with a reduction more than 3.2 and 2.7 log, respectively. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TSARS) assay indicated that no significant (P >= 0.05) increase occurred in the level of lipid oxidation in feed samples during 120 min ozonation at 2.8 mg/L. At the end of the 240 min of exposure at 2.8 and 5.3 mg/L, initial TBARS concentration, determined as 2.4 mg/kg, reached to 4.4 and 5.3 mg/kg with a significant (P < 0.05) increases, respectively. The results presented in this study suggested that significant (P < 0.05) reductions in the AFB(1) level and microbial population can be achieved in poultry feed by ozonation with an acceptable changes in lipid oxidation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.