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Öğe Hearing screening outcomes in neonates of SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2021) Alan, Mehmet Akif; Alan, CemreObjective: The current study aimed to investigate possible association of maternal SARS-CoV-2 with newborn hearing loss. We compared hearing screening outcomes in neonates born to women with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results during pregnancy with healthy controls. Methods: Neonates born between April and December 2020 in our hospital to mothers with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results during pregnancy were included in this study. Neonates with risk factors for universal newborn hearing screening (NHS) were excluded. Neonates born to mothers with positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test results during pregnancy were compared with healthy controls in terms of newborn hearing screening results and independent variables. Results: Neonates in the COVID-19 group were more likely to have a refer result in auditory brainstem responses (ABR) compared with the control group (53/118 and 28/118, respectively; p = 0.001). The second ABR test results did not differ significantly between the groups (p = 0.618). Logistic regression revealed that birth week and type of birth were not associated with the refer result. PCR positivity in the second trimester was more likely to produce the refer result in the first ABR test (p = 0.014). Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity in pregnancy is significantly associated with an increased risk of abnormal NHS results. Also, the timing of PCR positivity in pregnancy (trimester) may be related to abnormal NHS results.Öğe Isotretinoin's action against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats(Univ Karachi, 2018) Alan, Mehmet Akif; Eryilmaz, Mehmet Akif; Kaymaz, Figen; Suzer, Aysegul; Aricigil, MitatCurrent data do not support the routine use of any agent to prevent cisplatin ototoxicity. Although there are various diseases in which derivatives of vitamin A are used due to their antioxidant effects, there is no study for prevention from ototoxicity. In this study, the protective effect of isotretinoin was investigated on cisplatin ototoxicity in rats. 21 Wistar Albino rats were divided randomly into 3 groups. Group I: cisplatin, Group II: cisplatin + isotretinoin and Group III was the control group. Hearing assessment of all rats was done with ABR and DPOAE tests before and after the procedure. After the procedure, cochleas were resected and transmission electron microscopic examination was performed. Our DPOAE and ABR findings showed that isotretinoin has protective effects on cisplatin ototoxicity. According to transmission electron microscopic findings, isotretinoin has protective effects on cell integrity. We think that new experimental and clinical studies to be carried out in this regard may give us a new option on prevention of cochlea from ototoxicity.Öğe Maternal hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and newborn hearing: A retrospective analysis of 454 newborns(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2021) Alan, Cemre; Alan, Mehmet AkifObjective: Maternal hypertension and preeclampsia have been related to sensorineural hearing loss in newborns. To investigate potential connections, we compared newborn hearing screening (NHS) results from newborns of mothers with chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia with results from newborns of healthy controls. The present study is unique with regard to its large sample size and the analysis of the possible effects of three different hypertensive disorders on newborn hearing. Methods: We retrospectively searched the database of our hospital for pregnant women diagnosed with chronic hypertension, preeclampsia, and eclampsia according to the International Classification of Diseases Tenth Revision (ICD-10) diagnostic codes. The search covered the period from January 2010 to March 2020. NHS results were compared with those of newborns of healthy controls. Results: The auditory brainstem response (ABR) test results and categorical variables of infants of 146 women with preeclampsia, 71 women with chronic hypertension, and 10 women with eclampsia were compared with those of infants of 227 healthy women. Only the bilateral pass results were statistically significantly lower in the preeclampsia group in comparison to the control group (p = 0.036), but this was a temporary effect. Between the two groups, there was no significant difference in the second ABR (ABR refer) test. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the preeclampsia and control groups only in the first ABR test. But, the ABR refer test results of these groups did not differ significantly. Therefore, we conclude that these temporary effects may be related to newborns being born prematurely and being small for their gestational age.Öğe Melatonin prevents possible radiotherapy-induced thyroid injury(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Aricigil, Mitat; Dundar, Mehmet Akif; Yucel, Abitter; Eryilmaz, Mehmet Akif; Aktan, Meryem; Alan, Mehmet Akif; Findik, SidikaPurpose: We aimed to investigate the protective effect of melatonin in radiotherapy-induced thyroid gland injury in an experimental rat model.Materials and methods: Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups: the control group, melatonin treatment group, radiotherapy group and melatonin plus radiotherapy group. The neck region of each rat was defined by simulation and radiated with 2 Gray (Gy) per min with 6-MV photon beams, for a total dose of 18Gy. Melatonin was administered at a dose of 50mg/kg through intraperitoneal injection, 15min prior to radiation exposure. Thirty days after the beginning of the study, rats were decapitated and analyses of blood and thyroid tissue were performed.Results: Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in the radiotherapy group were significantly higher than those in the melatonin plus radiotherapy group (p<.05), whereas interleukin-10 (IL-10) and glutathione (GSH) values were higher in the melatonin plus radiotherapy group (p<.05). The infiltration of inflammatory cells and percentage of apoptosis in the radiotherapy group were significantly higher than those in the melatonin plus radiotherapy group (p<.05).Conclusions: Melatonin helped protect thyroid gland structure against the undesired cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy in rats.Öğe Memantin ve izotretinoinin ototoksisiteye karşı koruyucu etkisi(Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi, 2016) Alan, Mehmet Akif; Eryılmaz, Mehmet AkifBu tez çalışmasında cisplatin, amikasin ve akustik travma ile üç farklı grup hayvan modelinde oluşturulan ototoksisitenin, memantin ve izotretinoin ile önlenmesi ve bu sayede ototoksisite ve sensörinöral işitme kaybı patofizyolojisi ve tedavisi için yeni bir yaklaşım tanımlanması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: 70 tane Wistar Albino rat 7 denekten oluşan kontrol grubuna, 21'er denekten oluşan üç gruba ve bu üç grup kendi içinde 7'şer denekten oluşan A, B, C gruplarına rastgele ayrıldı. Çalışma öncesi tüm deneklerin işitme değerlendirmesi anestezi altında BİUP ve DPOAE testleriyle belirlendi. Grup IA' ya cisplatin, Grup IB' ye cisplatin ve memantin, Grup IC' ye cisplatin ve izotretinoin verildi.Grup IIA' ya amikasin, Grup IIB' ye amikasin ve memantin, Grup IIC' ye amikasin ve izotretinoin verildi.Grup IIIA' ya akustik travma, Grup IIIB' ye akustik travma ve memantin, Grup IIIC' ye akustik travma ve izotretinoin verildi. Grup IV' e ilaç ve akustik travma verilmedi. Bütün gruplarda 3 günlük gözlem sonrası anestezi altında BİUP ve DPOAE Testleri ile tekrar işitme değerlendirmesi yapıldı. Çalışma sonunda tüm ratlara genel anestezi altında ötanazi uygulandı ve kokleaları çıkarılarak transmisyon elektron mikroskopik inceleme yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmamızda DPOAE sonuçlarımıza göre cisplatin, amikasin ve akustik travma ototoksisitesi oluştu. BİUP sonuçlarımıza göre cisplatin ve amikasin ototoksisitesi oluştu. Akustik travma BİUP bulgularımızda istatistiksel değişikliğe neden olmadı. Memantinin her üç tip ototoksisitede, izotretinoinin ise cisplatin ve akustik travma ototoksisitesinde işitsel ve hücresel düzeyde koruyucu etkilerinin olduğu izlendi. Sonuç: Memantinin her üç tip ototoksisitedeki koruyucu etkisinin glutamat eksitotoksisitesi hipotezinden hareketle NMDA reseptör antagonizması ile olabileceğini, izotretinoinin ise cisplatin ve akustik travma ototoksisitesinde antioksidan mekanizma ile koruyucu etkisi olabileceğini düşünüyoruz.
