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  • Küçük Resim
    Öğe
    Çocukluk Çağında Sık Görülen Obezite Sendromları
    (2016) Eklioğlu, Beray Selver; Albayrak, Hatice Mutlu
    Sendromik obezite farklı gen ya da kromozom bozukluklarıyla ortaya çıkar. Obeziteye dismorfik bulgular, mental retardasyon ve gelişimsel anomaliler eşlik eder. Prader-Willi sendromu, Bardet-Biedl sendromu ve Alström sendromu klinik pratikte en sık karşılaşılan obezite sendromlarıdır. Prader-Willi sendromu hipotoni, hiperfaji, hipogonadizm ve boy kısalığı ile karakterize genomik imprinting hatasından kaynaklanan bir obezite sendromudur. Bardet-Biedl sendromu retinal distrofi, trunkal obezite, postaksiyel polidaktili, öğrenme güçlüğü, renal anomaliler ve erkeklerde hipogonadotropik hipogonadizm ile karakterize otozomal resesif geçişli, genetik olarak heterojen bir siliopati sendromudur. Alström sendromu ilerleyici kon-rod distrofisine, obezite ve sensörinöral işitme kaybının eşlik ettiği çoklu organ tutulumu ile karakterize, otozomal resesif geçişli bir sendromdur. Ekzojenik ve monojenik obezitelerin dışlandığı durumlarda sendromik obeziteye yaklaşırken hormonal değerlendirmenin yanında hasta ek dismorfik özellikleri, oftalmolojik, dental, kardiyak, renal, nörolojik sistem yönünden de değerlendirilmelidir. Tanının doğrulanması ve aileye genetik danışmanlık hizmeti verilebilmesi için genetik tanı yöntemlerinden yararlanılmalıdır.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Common Obesity Syndromes in Childhood
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2016) Albayrak, Hatice Mutlu; Eklioglu, Beray Selver
    Syndromic obesity occurs with different genetic or chromosomal disorders. Obesity is accompanied by dysmorphic features, mental retardation and developmental abnormalities. Prader-Willi syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome and Alstrom syndrome are the most commonly encountered obesity syndromes, in clinical practice. Prader-Willi syndrome is an obesity syndrome, characterized by hypotonia, hyperphagia, hypogonadism and short stature due to genomic imprinting defect. Bardet-Biedl syndrome is a genetically heterogeneous ciliopathy syndrome caused by autosomal recessive genes, characterized by retinal dystrophy, truncal obesity, postaxial polydactyly, learning difficulties, renal anomalies, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism only in males, Alstrom syndrome is an autosomal recessive syndrome, characterized by progressive cone-rod dystrophy, obesity and sensorineural hearing loss accompanied by multi-organ involvement. If exogenous and monogenic obesity is excluded, not only hormonal evaluation but also additional dysmorphic features, ophthalmic, dental, cardiac, renal, and neurological systems should also be evaluated to approach syndromic obesity. Genetic diagnostic analysis should be utilized for confirming the diagnosis and providing genetic counseling to families.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    A congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder: Mobius' syndrome
    (Aves, 2017) Albayrak, Hatice Mutlu; Tarakci, Nuriye; Altunhan, Huseyin; Ors, Rahmi; Caksen, Huseyin
    Mbius' syndrome, also known as Mbius' sequence, is a nonprogressive cranial dysinnervation disorder characterized by congenital facial and abducens nerve paralysis. Here, we report a 5-day-old girl who was conceived after in vitro fertilization with poor suck and facial paralysis. She had bilaterally ptosis and lateral gaze limitation, left-sided deviation of the tongue, dysmorphic face, hypoplastic fingers and finger nails on the left hand, and was diagnosed as having Mbius' syndrome. Involvement of other cranial nerves such as three, four, five, nine, 9 and 12, and limb malformations may accompany this syndrome. However, several factors have been proposed for the etiology, some rare cases have also been reported with artificial reproductive technologies. Feeding difficulties and aspiration are the main problems encountered in infancy. The other cranial nerves should be examined further in newborns who present with congenital facial palsy, and other cranial dysinnervation disorders should be considered in the differential diagnosis.