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    Chromosome counts and karyotype analysis of species of family Apocynaceae from Egypt
    (Firenze Univ Press, 2019) Heneidak, Samia; Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim; Badr, Abdelfattah; Eroglu, Halil Erhan
    The chromosome counts of 13 species of family Apocynaceae in the flora of Egypt have been reported; one species from subfamily Periplocoideae and the other 12 species from subfamily Asclepiadoideae. The chromosome numbers are 2n = 22 for Periploca angustifolia, Glossonema boveanum, Pentatropis nivalis, Cynanchum acutum, Calotropis procera, Gomphocarpus sinaicus, Pergularia daemia and Pergularia tomentosa; 2n = 24 for Leptadenia arborea and Solenostemma arghel; 2n = 22, 44 for Caudanthera edulis, Caudanthera sinaica and Desmidorchis acutangulus. The chromosome numbers and karyotype analyses were firstly reported in Leptadenia arborea (2n = 24). The polyploid nature was demonstrated by the prevalence of cells with 2n = 4x = 44 chromosomes in Caudanthera edulis, Caudanthera sinaica and Desmidorchis acutangulus. The chromosomes are median and submedian as most species in the Apocynaceae. The intrachromosomal asymmetry and interchromosomal asymmetry were estimated with M-CA and CVCL values. In intrachromosomal asymmetry, Desmidorchis acutangulus is the most symmetrical karyotype, while Pergularia tomentosa is the most asymmetrical karyotype. In interchromosomal asymmetry, Glossonema boveanum is the most symmetrical karyotype, while Cynanchum acutum is the most asymmetrical karyotype.
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    Chromosome counts and karyotype analysis of species of family Apocynaceae from Egypt
    (Firenze Univ Press, 2019) Heneidak, Samia; Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim; Badr, Abdelfattah; Eroglu, Halil Erhan
    The chromosome counts of 13 species of family Apocynaceae in the flora of Egypt have been reported; one species from subfamily Periplocoideae and the other 12 species from subfamily Asclepiadoideae. The chromosome numbers are 2n = 22 for Periploca angustifolia, Glossonema boveanum, Pentatropis nivalis, Cynanchum acutum, Calotropis procera, Gomphocarpus sinaicus, Pergularia daemia and Pergularia tomentosa; 2n = 24 for Leptadenia arborea and Solenostemma arghel; 2n = 22, 44 for Caudanthera edulis, Caudanthera sinaica and Desmidorchis acutangulus. The chromosome numbers and karyotype analyses were firstly reported in Leptadenia arborea (2n = 24). The polyploid nature was demonstrated by the prevalence of cells with 2n = 4x = 44 chromosomes in Caudanthera edulis, Caudanthera sinaica and Desmidorchis acutangulus. The chromosomes are median and submedian as most species in the Apocynaceae. The intrachromosomal asymmetry and interchromosomal asymmetry were estimated with M-CA and CVCL values. In intrachromosomal asymmetry, Desmidorchis acutangulus is the most symmetrical karyotype, while Pergularia tomentosa is the most asymmetrical karyotype. In interchromosomal asymmetry, Glossonema boveanum is the most symmetrical karyotype, while Cynanchum acutum is the most asymmetrical karyotype.
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    Contribution to the cytotaxonomic knowledge of 10 species of Klasea Cass. (Asteraceae) from Turkey
    (Firenze Univ Press, 2015) Martin, Esra; Dogan, Bekir; Duran, Ahmet; Coskun, Fatih; Altinordu, Fahim
    In the present study, karyotype analyses of 10 taxa belongs to the genus Klasea Cass. (Asteraceae) were conducted. Somatic chromosome numbers are not a distinctive character of classification of Klasea taxa. All of the taxa were counted as 2n = 30 chromosomes, except for Klasea radiata subsp. biebersteiniana (2n = 60). Although all the taxa have a chromosome number of 2n = 30, they could be differentiated by their karyotype formula and quantitative parameters of the karyotype. Karyotype analysis was performed by means of an Image Analysis System and karyotype asymmetry indices were measured. According to these parameters, karyological relationships among studied taxa were inferred.
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    Cytotaxonomical study in five taxa of the genus Teucrium L. (Lamiaceae)
    (Firenze Univ Press, 2015) Ozcan, Taner; Dirmenci, Tuncay; Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim
    In this study, karyotypes of Teucrium sandrasicum O. Schwarz, T. brevifolium Schreb., T. divaricatum Sieber subsp. villosum (Celak.) Rech.f., T. flavum L. subsp. hellenicum Rech.f. and T. kotschyanum Poech taxa growing naturally in Turkey were determined. T. sandrasicum is endemic to Turkey. The squash method for preparation was used for chromosomal investigations. As a result, T. divaricatum subsp. villosum has a somatic chromosome number as 2n = 64 while T. flavum subsp. hellenicum and T. kotschyanum have 2n = 32 chromosomes and also T. sandrasicum and T. brevifolium have 2n = 30 chromosomes. The ideograms and detailed chromosome morphology measurements of the species were performed by the use of Image Analysis System (Bs200Pro). The research has made contribution to the taxonomic revision of the genus Teucrium in Turkey.
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    Karyological Studies of Six Endemic Species of Stachys (Lamiaceae) Subsect. Fragiles from Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2016) Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim; Guner, Ozal; Akcicek, Ekrem
    Several chromosome numbers are reported for Stachys taxa but little information is available about chromosome morphology. Thus, this study aims to investigate the karyotypes of six endemic Stachys species from Turkey. Two different chromosome numbers are reported as 2n=30 (Stachys chasmosericea and S. pinardii) and 2n=34 (S. euadenia, S. buttleri, S. pseudopinardii and S. longiflora). The chromosome types of the studied taxa are metacentric and submetacentric. Karyological features and asymmetry indices (M-CA, CVCI and CVCL) of the six endemic species are identified for the first time, and karyological relationships are determined. Also we presented published chromosome data of Stachys along with new counts. These data can be used for chromosome number evolution for the genus and helpful for understanding its evolution.
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    Karyological Studies of Six Endemic Species of Stachys (Lamiaceae) Subsect. Fragiles from Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2016) Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim; Guner, Ozal; Akcicek, Ekrem
    Several chromosome numbers are reported for Stachys taxa but little information is available about chromosome morphology. Thus, this study aims to investigate the karyotypes of six endemic Stachys species from Turkey. Two different chromosome numbers are reported as 2n=30 (Stachys chasmosericea and S. pinardii) and 2n=34 (S. euadenia, S. buttleri, S. pseudopinardii and S. longiflora). The chromosome types of the studied taxa are metacentric and submetacentric. Karyological features and asymmetry indices (M-CA, CVCI and CVCL) of the six endemic species are identified for the first time, and karyological relationships are determined. Also we presented published chromosome data of Stachys along with new counts. These data can be used for chromosome number evolution for the genus and helpful for understanding its evolution.
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    Karyomorphological studies in seven taxa of the genus Salvia (Lamiaceae) in Turkey
    (Firenze Univ Press, 2015) Martin, Esra; Altinordu, Fahim; Celep, Ferhat; Kahraman, Ahmet; Dogan, Musa
    In this study, the karyotypes of mitotic chromosomes were determined of seven taxa of Salvia (Lamiaceae) collected from their natural habitats in Turkey: S. viridis (2n = 16), S. candidissima subsp. occidentalis (2n = 20), S. sclarea, S. ceratophylla, S. chionantha (2n = 22), S. viscosa and S. verticillata subsp. amasiaca (2n = 32). The karyotype formulae were 5m+3sm in S. viridis, 2M+5m+3sm in S. candidissima subsp. occidentalis, 1M+10m in S. sclarea, 8m+3sm in S. ceratophylla, 7m+4sm in S. chionantha, 9m+5sm+2st in S. viscosa, and 15m+1sm in S. verticillata subsp. amasiaca by the karyotype image analysis system. Somatic chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 16 to 2n = 32. The ideograms were drawn based on centromeric index and arranged in decreasing size order. The present results were compared with the previous cytological studies in the genus.
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    Karyotype Analyses of the Genus Matthiola (Brassicaceae) in Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2016) Martin, Esra; Unal, Murat; Dogan, Bekir; Altinordu, Fahim; Sefali, Abdurrahman; Kaya, Ayla
    In the present paper, karyotype analyses are reported for 12 taxa of Matthiola from Turkey. Matthiola trojana Dirmenci, Satil & Ttimen, M odoratissima (Pall.) R.Br., M anchonifolia Hub.-Mor., M montana Boiss., M fruticulosa (L.) Maire ssp. fruticulosa and M ovatifolia (Boiss.) Boiss. counted 2n=12 chromosomes, and M incana (L.) R.Br., M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. bicornis (Sibth. et Smith) P. W. Ball, M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. longipetala, M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. pumilio (Sibth. & Smith) P. W. Ball, M sinuata (L.) R.Br., and M tricuspidata (L.) R.Br. showed 2n=14 chromosomes. The idiograms and karyomorphometric data obtained by using Image Analysis System (Bs200Pro). The chromosome number of M montana was determined for the first time. Also, karyotype asymmetry index such as M-CA, CVCL and CVCL were measured for the reconstruction of karyological relationships.
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    Karyotype Analyses of the Genus Matthiola (Brassicaceae) in Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2016) Martin, Esra; Unal, Murat; Dogan, Bekir; Altinordu, Fahim; Sefali, Abdurrahman; Kaya, Ayla
    In the present paper, karyotype analyses are reported for 12 taxa of Matthiola from Turkey. Matthiola trojana Dirmenci, Satil & Ttimen, M odoratissima (Pall.) R.Br., M anchonifolia Hub.-Mor., M montana Boiss., M fruticulosa (L.) Maire ssp. fruticulosa and M ovatifolia (Boiss.) Boiss. counted 2n=12 chromosomes, and M incana (L.) R.Br., M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. bicornis (Sibth. et Smith) P. W. Ball, M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. longipetala, M longipetala (Vent.) DC. ssp. pumilio (Sibth. & Smith) P. W. Ball, M sinuata (L.) R.Br., and M tricuspidata (L.) R.Br. showed 2n=14 chromosomes. The idiograms and karyomorphometric data obtained by using Image Analysis System (Bs200Pro). The chromosome number of M montana was determined for the first time. Also, karyotype asymmetry index such as M-CA, CVCL and CVCL were measured for the reconstruction of karyological relationships.
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    Karyotype Analyses on the Genus Lallemantia Fisch & CAMey. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2014) Ozcan, Taner; Gezer, Elif; Martin, Esra; Dirmenci, Tuncay; Altinordu, Fahim
    In this research, Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fisch. & Mey., L. canescens (L.) Fisch. & Mey. and L. peltata (L.) Fisch. & Mey. belonging to the Lallemantia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. genus (Lamiaceae) which is represented by three taxa growing naturally in Turkey, were studied. The somatic chromosome numbers observed in each taxa was 2n=14. The classification of chromosomes, the length of long and short arms, haploid chromosome length, arm ratio, centromeric index and relative chromosomal length were measured by Software Image Analyses (Bs200Pro). Also their karyotype asymmetry indices (TF%, As K%, Syi, Rec, A, A1 and A2) were calculated. According to the asymmetry index, L. peltata has a more symmetrical karyotype than L. canescens. This is the first study for account of chromosome counts and karyotypes for the studied taxa.
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    Karyotype Analyses on the Genus Lallemantia Fisch & CAMey. (Lamiaceae) from Turkey
    (Univ Tokyo Cytologia, 2014) Ozcan, Taner; Gezer, Elif; Martin, Esra; Dirmenci, Tuncay; Altinordu, Fahim
    In this research, Lallemantia iberica (Bieb.) Fisch. & Mey., L. canescens (L.) Fisch. & Mey. and L. peltata (L.) Fisch. & Mey. belonging to the Lallemantia Fisch. & C.A.Mey. genus (Lamiaceae) which is represented by three taxa growing naturally in Turkey, were studied. The somatic chromosome numbers observed in each taxa was 2n=14. The classification of chromosomes, the length of long and short arms, haploid chromosome length, arm ratio, centromeric index and relative chromosomal length were measured by Software Image Analyses (Bs200Pro). Also their karyotype asymmetry indices (TF%, As K%, Syi, Rec, A, A1 and A2) were calculated. According to the asymmetry index, L. peltata has a more symmetrical karyotype than L. canescens. This is the first study for account of chromosome counts and karyotypes for the studied taxa.
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    New chromosome counts, karyotype analyses and asymmetry indices in some taxa of genus Senecio L. and related genera Tephroseris (Rchb.) Rchb. and Turanecio Hamzaoglu belong to tribe Senecioneae (Asteraceae) from Turkey
    (Springer Wien, 2014) Altinordu, Fahim; Martin, Esra; Hamzaoglu, Ergin; Cetin, Ozlem
    In this study, the somatic chromosome numbers and karyotype analyses were determined for nine taxa that belong to three different genera of Senecioneae tribe. The studied taxa are; Senecio tauricolus V.A. Matthews, Senecio racemosus (M.Bieb.) DC., Senecio paludosus L., Senecio trapezuntinus Boiss., Senecio inops Boiss. & Balansa subsp. inops, Turanecio pandurifolius (K.Koch) Hamzaoglu, Turanecio hypochionaeus (Boiss.) Hamzaoglu, Turanecio eriospermus (DC.) Hamzaoglu, Tephroseris integrifolia (L.) Holub. subsp. aurantiaca (Hoppe ex Willd.) B.Nord. S. tauricolus, S. trapezuntinus, S. inops subsp. inops and T. hypochionaeus taxa are endemic to Turkey. The chromosomal variability in the tribe Senecioneae has observed the existence of four chromosome numbers: 2n = 38, 2n = 40, 2n = 46 and 2n = 80. The chromosome number 2n = 38 is a new record for Turanecio species. All taxa existed karyotypes measured by a set of median to submedian chromosomes and a smaller number of subterminal chromosome pairs. Also their karyotype asymmetry indices (TF %, As K %, Syi, Rec, A, A(1) and A(2)) were calculated. The ideograms and detailed chromosome morphology measurements of the species were performed by the use of image analysis system (Bs200Pro). This is the first account of somatic chromosomes and karyotypes for the studied taxa except for S. paludosus. The research has contributed to the taxonomic revision of the tribe, Senecioneae, in Turkey.