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Öğe ADIPOSE TISSUE DERIVED STEM CELLS AND THEIR USES IN PLASTIC SURGERY(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2013) Gundeslioglu, A. Ozlem; Altuntas, Zeynep; Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Aktan, Murad; Duman, SelcukStem cell treatments have become one of the most studied area in recent years and and it is seen that they will take the place of organ transplants in the future. Adipose tissue derived stem cells are also widely used by other branches outside of Plastic Surgery as they can easily be obtained in large quantities and effective as much as haemopoetic stem cells. Publications related to soft tissue augmentation, wound healing, and tissue engineering have been reported in plastic surgery practice. However, there are still some question marks about their reliability and lack of standardization for obtaining and using stem cells. The purpose of this review is to give knowledge about the concept of fat tissue derived stem cells, their properties, their mechanisms, also their uses in Plastic Surgery and discuss reliability of them.Öğe Assessment of survival rates compared according to the Tamai and Yamano classifications in fingertip replantations(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2016) Dadaci, Mehmet; Ince, Bilsev; Altuntas, Zeynep; Bitik, Ozan; Kamburoglu, Haldun Onuralp; Uzun, HakanBackground: The fingertip is the most frequently injured and amputated segment of the hand. There are controversies about defining clear indications for microsurgical replantation. Many classification systems have been proposed to solve this problem. No previous study has simultaneously correlated different classification systems with replant survival rate. The aim of the study is to compare the outcomes of fingertip replantations according to Tamai and Yamano classifications. Materials and Methods: 34 consecutive patients who underwent fingertip replantation between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively reviewed with respect to the Tamai and Yamano classifications. The medical charts from record room were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 36.2 years. There were 30 men and 4 women. All the injuries were complete amputations. Of the 34 fingertip amputations, 19 were in Tamai zone 2 and 15 were in Tamai zone 1. When all the amputations were grouped in reference to the Yamano classification, 6 were type 1 guillotine, 8 were type 2 crush and 20 were type 3 crush avulsions. Results: Of the 34 fingertips, 26 (76.4%) survived. Ten (66.6%) of 15 digits replanted in Tamai zone 1 and 16 (84.2%) of 19 digits replanted in Tamai zone 2 survived. There were no replantation failures in Yamano type 1 injuries (100%) and only two failed in Yamano type 2 (75%). Replantation was successful in 14 of 20 Yamano type 3 injuries, but six failed (70%). The percentage of success rates was the least in the hybridized groups of Tamai zone 1-Yamano type 2 and Tamai zone 1-Yamano type 3. Although clinically distinct, the survival rates between the groups were not statistically significantly different. Conclusions: The level and mechanism of injury play a decisive role in the success of fingertip replantation. Success rate increases in proximal fingertip amputations without crush injury.Öğe Bilateral Tessier Type 3 CleftRepairment in a Single Session(Thieme Medical Publ Inc, 2018) Uyar, Ilker; Uyar, Sibel Burcak Sahin; Altuntas, Zeynep[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Cleft Lip Nose Correction Combining Open Rhinoplasty With the Dibbel Technique(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Gundeslioglu, Ayse Ozlem; Altuntas, Zeynep; Inan, Irfan; Bilgen, Fatma; Jasharllari, Lorenc; Karaibrahimoglu, AdnanCleft lip nose rhinoplasty is a challenging procedure because of the different presentation and severity of the deformity. Due to this presentation type, there is still no standard procedure correcting all the components of the deformity although a number of techniques have been published in literature. In this study, the effectiveness of the combination of open rhinoplasty and the Dibbel technique with nasal sill augmentation was evaluated. We hereby report our experience with 7 patients who had unilateral cleft lip nose deformity with slumped lower lateral cartilage and underprojected and deformed dome, operated on between September 2010 and April 2013 by 1 surgeon. The mean age of the patients at the time of surgery was 24.5 years (18-38 years) and the patients were followed up for an average of 18.5 months (6-31 months). All patients were operated on with open rhinoplasty and Dibbel technique combination with nasal sill augmentation. Frontal, lateral, oblique, and basilar photographs were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively for each patient. Nasal projection, columella height, nasolabial angle, nasal sill symmetry, and base width were measured on the photographs for comparison of preoperative and postoperative results. All patients' medial and lateral cantus distances were used for photographic standardization. The results demonstrated that there was a statistically significant increase in nasal projection (2.13 +/- 0.28mm preoperatively versus 2.31 +/- 0.08mm postoperatively; P = 0.018), columella height (1.07 +/- 0.25mm preoperatively versus 1.21 +/- 0.18mm postoperatively; P = 0.028), nostril apex height (1.11 +/- 0.15mm preoperatively versus 1.22 +/- 0.11mm postoperatively, P< 0.028), nasolabial angle (77.71 +/- 8.74mm preoperatively versus 91.33 +/- 6.49mm postoperatively; P< 0.05), and nasal sill symmetry (0.42 +/- 0.15mm preoperatively versus 0.27 +/- 0.07mm postoperatively; P< 0.05), and a significant decrease of alar width (2.35 +/- 0.44mm versus 2.16 +/- 0.32mm postoperatively; P = 0.018) on the affected side in response to surgery. The results of this study demonstrated that the Dibbel technique and open rhinoplasty combination with nasal sill augmentation is an effective and safe method for the correction of cleft lip nose deformity in respect to nasal symmetry.Öğe Comparison of Maxillofacial Fractures Between Pedestrians and Passengers in Road Traffic Accidents(W B Saunders Co-Elsevier Inc, 2021) Altuntas, Zeynep; Ismayilzade, Majid; Basturk, FundaPurpose: Road traffic accidents remain as the most common cause of maxillofacial injuries in developed countries. To the best of our knowledge, comparative analysis of fracture localizations and injury types of injured pedestrians and passengers is seldom performed. Thus, this study aimed to compare maxillofacial injuries between pedestrians and passengers injured in road traffic accidents in terms of demographic characteristics of the patients, localization of fractures, and treatment. Materials and Methods: The study population was composed of patients who underwent surgery for maxillofacial fractures resulting from road traffic accidents. They were divided into the pedestrian group and passenger group. Demographic data, fracture sites, and treatment methods were investigated retrospectively. Results: Most of the patients were 20 to 30 years of age. Isolated mandible fractures occurred in 55.71% of the pedestrian group and 43.78% of the passenger group. Panfacial fractures were observed in 5.71% (n = 8) of the patients in the pedestrian group compared with 14.28% (n = 21) in the passenger group. Conclusions: Based on the injury pattern and mechanism of in-vehicle accidents, fractures tend to be located in the middle and upper facial bones rather than in the mandible. Thus, careful management in triage is important, as each group has specific injury patterns. Patients with panfacial fractures require meticulous management because they are at risk for high-energy injury and comorbidities. (C) 2020 American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeonsÖğe COVID-19 Pandemic and Disciplinary Approach in Plastic, Reconstructive, and Esthetic Surgery(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2021) Altuntas, Zeynep; Ismayilzade, Majid[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Effect of Dermal Thickness on Scars in Women with Type III-IV Fitzpatrick Skin(Springer, 2015) Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Oltulu, Pembe; Altuntas, Zeynep; Bilgen, FatmaBoth patients and physicians desire minimal scarring after surgical procedures. The removal of foreign bodies from around the wound, prevention of infection, and wound closure without tension is recommended for reducing scarring. The reasons underlying the differing appearance of scars between different anatomical regions of the same individual are not fully understood. Moreover, to our knowledge, the relationship between incision width and dermal thickness in different anatomical regions has yet to be investigated. Hence, in the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of dermal thickness on scar formation. Fifty patients who were treated and followed up for breast hypertrophy between 2010 and 2013 were retrospectively investigated. In all patients, a 2 x 2-cm skin biopsy specimen was obtained from the medial right breast at the horizontal line of the T scar. A routine superomedial pedicle breast reduction was subsequently performed. The extracted excision materials and skin biopsy specimens were examined pathologically. Dermal thickness was measured from the starting point of the subcutaneous tissue to the end point of the epidermis, at four different sites. The average dermal thickness was then calculated for each patient. The skin color of all patients was determined according to the Fitzpatrick classification. Scar width was measured in three different regions, including a combination of the vertical and horizontal portions of the T scar and the flap confluence. After the measurements, the scars were evaluated for vascularity, pigmentation, elasticity, thickness, and height by two plastic surgeons and a clinical nurse, who were blinded to patient data. The mean age of the 50 female patients was 40.8 years (range 18-65 years). The average follow-up period was 16 months (range 12-18 months). An average of 987.5 g (range 505-1621 g) of breast and fatty tissue was removed. The average dermal thickness was 4.99 mm (range 3.5-6.8 mm). The most common skin type was Fitzpatrick type IV (33 patients). The average total scar score was 14 (range 8-25). The total scar score was not significantly associated with dermal thickness. The scar width in patients with a dermal thickness of < 0.5 cm was narrower than that in patients with a dermal thickness of a parts per thousand yen0.5 cm. Scar vascularity and noticeability were observed less often in patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III, regardless of scar width. The study findings show that increased dermal thickness is a risk factor for wide scar formation. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.Öğe Effect of methylprednisolone loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) bioabsorbable nanofibers on tendon healing and adhesion formation(Elsevier, 2023) Zuhour, Moath; Gunes, Cansu; Findik, Siddika; Dundar, Mehmet Akif; Gok, Orhan; Altuntas, ZeynepBackground: Nanomaterials have been widely used in many fields such as vaccination and drug delivery. Beside its behavior as a degradable physical barrier, it can provide a controlled drug release. Tendon healing is a process full of complications, one of which is adhesion caused by excessive fibrosis.Aim: In this study, we aimed to prevent adhesion formation by using methylprednisolone (MP) loaded Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) mats. We used PLGA mats as both, biodegradable physical barrier to reduce the contact between surrounding tissues and healing tendon and as a drug delivery vehicle to release the antifibrotic MP with a controlled pattern.Methods: MP-loaded PLGA nanofiber mats were produced using electrospinning technique under optimized pa-rameters. To find the optimal MP dose, the drug was loaded in 15%, 25% and 35% concentrations. In vitro analysis included FT-IR, antibacterial, water absorption, biodegradability and drug release behavior tests. 70 rats' tendons were used for this study. After scarification of the rats, tendons were analyzed in terms of macroscopic, histopathological and biomechanical evaluation.Results: The neat PLGA and 15%, 25%, and 35% MP-loaded nanofibers lost 47%, 83%, 88%, and 97% of their initial weights at the end of the 8 weeks' degradation process. Within the first 24 h, mats including higher drug concentrations showed more initial release burst effect than samples loaded with lower concentrations. Cumu-lative drug release at 24 h was 29.5%, 27.6%, and 24.7% for PLGA nanofiber samples containing 15%, 25%, 35% MP, respectively. Macroscopically, When the groups were compared, no statistically significant difference was found between group 1 (no surgical intervention) and group 5 (25% MP/PLGA) in terms of length, characteristics and degree of the adhesion. Comparing to other groups statistically significant atrophic effect was found in group 6 (35% MP/PLGA).Conclusion: 25% MP-loaded PLGA reduces the formation of adhesions macroscopically comparable to tendons that didn't receive any surgical intervention. Microscopically, it provides better tendon healing compared to tendons that received only surgical repair or surgery + neat PLGA. Methylprednisolone did not only add an antibacterial effect to PLGA but also increased the hydrophilic property and degradation rate of PLGA. Increased steroid concentration also leads to atrophy at the healing tendons which can be prevented by modifying the PLGA design.Öğe The effects of a combination treatment with mesenchymal stem cell and platelet-rich plasma on tendon healing: an experimental study(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Uyar, Ilker; Altuntas, Zeynep; Findik, Siddika; Yildirim, Mehmet Emin Cem; Yarar, Serhat; Aktan, Murat; Avci, AlunetBackground/Aim: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects that the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) following tendon repair have on the strength and healing of the tendon and also to examine the possible mechanisms of action that take place. Materials and methods: The Achilles tendons of 80 rats were repaired and divided into eight groups. Following the repairs, MSCs obtained from humans were injected into the rat tendons in groups 1 and 2, a combination of MSCs from humans and PRP from rats was injected into the tendons in groups 3 and 4, and PRP from rats was injected into the tendons in groups 5 and 6. These procedures all took place simultaneously. Groups 7 and 8 did not receive any injections following the repairs. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the first and second months following the procedures, and biomechanical and histopathological analyses were performed. Results: Inflammatory cell density increased most significantly in the combined group when compared to the first and second months. The fibroblast density on the tendon repair region was significantly lower in the second-months groups of each intervention compared to their first-month groups (p = 0.001). For the analysis of the maximum tensile breaking force, the behaviors of the groups over time were significant when compared to the control groups (p = 0.0015). Also, the mean maximum breaking force in the combined group was statistically significantly higher at the end of the second month than at the end of the first month (p = 0.0008). Conclusion: The combination therapy increased tendon strength force. This combination therapy can make a positive contribution to the healing of tendons after surgery.Öğe Epidemiological and Localization Characteristics of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers: Retrospective Analysis of 400 Cases(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2019) Findik, Siddika; Uyanik, Orkun; Altuntas, Mahmut; Altuntas, ZeynepAim: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the epidemiological and localization characteristics of the patients diagnosed with nonmelanocytic skin cancer (NMSC). Materials and Methods: Histopathologic results of patients diagnosed with NMSC in the Pathology Department of Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram School of Medicine, between 2007 and 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The age, sex, tumor type, and localization of the patients were investigated. Results: A totals of 400 patients diagnosed with NMSC were identified. 220 of the patients were male (55%) and 180 were female (45%). The male to female ratio was 220/180(1.22). The age range was 10-105-year-old and the mean age was 67.8. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) was found in 263 patients (65%), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in 114 patients (28%) and baso SCC (BSCC) in 12 patients (3%). BCC and SCC were observed together in 9 patients. BCC was most commonly detected in the nasal region with (31%) 82 patients (50%). SHC was most commonly detected in the lower lip region with 26 patients (22%). The localization of the BSCC was most common in the nasal region with 6 patients (%50). The rate of BCC/SCC in the nasal region was 82/11. The BCC/SCC ratio in the extremity region was 4/14. Conclusion: In our region, the most frequent histopathologic diagnosis was found BCC in patients prediagnosed with NMSC, and most cases were seen in male patients. In cases of BCC a BSCC, the most common tumor localization was nose area while it was lower lip area in SCC cases. In addition, BCC and BSCC were not detected in the lower lip.Öğe Factors determining poor prognostic outcomes following diabetic hand infections(Professional Medical Publications, 2015) Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Arslan, Abdullah; Altuntas, Zeynep; Evrenos, Mustafa Kursat; Karsli, Mehmet FatihBackground and Objective: Hand ulcers are seen in a small percentage of patients with diabetes. The predisposing factors of diabetic hand varies between different countries. However, the effects of predisposing factors on prognosis are not clear in diabetic hand infections. In this study, our aim was to determine the effects of predisposing factors on poor prognostic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Thirty-four patients with diabetes mellitus who were treated and followed up for a hand infection in between 2008 and 2014 were investigated retrospectively. Patients were evaluated according to predisposing factors defined in the literature that included disease period, age, gender, admission time, presence of neuropathy, smoking habits, HbA1c levels at admission time, peripheral vascular disease, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and trauma. Death and minor/major amputation cases during treatment were defined as poor prognosis. Results: Patients who had ESRD, peripheral neuropathy, or an HbA1c level greater than 10% had significantly higher amputation rates. Conclusions: Peripheral neuropathy, ESRD, and HbA1c levels greater than 10% at the time of admission were determined as poor prognosis criteria for diabetic hand treatment.Öğe Factors determining poor prognostic outcomes following diabetic hand infections(Professional Medical Publications, 2015) Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Arslan, Abdullah; Altuntas, Zeynep; Evrenos, Mustafa Kursat; Karsli, Mehmet FatihBackground and Objective: Hand ulcers are seen in a small percentage of patients with diabetes. The predisposing factors of diabetic hand varies between different countries. However, the effects of predisposing factors on prognosis are not clear in diabetic hand infections. In this study, our aim was to determine the effects of predisposing factors on poor prognostic outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Methods: Thirty-four patients with diabetes mellitus who were treated and followed up for a hand infection in between 2008 and 2014 were investigated retrospectively. Patients were evaluated according to predisposing factors defined in the literature that included disease period, age, gender, admission time, presence of neuropathy, smoking habits, HbA1c levels at admission time, peripheral vascular disease, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and trauma. Death and minor/major amputation cases during treatment were defined as poor prognosis. Results: Patients who had ESRD, peripheral neuropathy, or an HbA1c level greater than 10% had significantly higher amputation rates. Conclusions: Peripheral neuropathy, ESRD, and HbA1c levels greater than 10% at the time of admission were determined as poor prognosis criteria for diabetic hand treatment.Öğe Giant Epidermal Inclusion Cyst Over the Parotid Gland Mixing Parotid Tumor(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014) Altuntas, Zeynep; Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Dundar, Mehmet Akif[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe A Huge Cutaneous Horn of Ear(Thieme Medical Publ Inc, 2015) Altuntas, Zeynep; Oltulu, Pembe; Dadaci, Mehmet; Ince, Bilsev; Dundar, M. AkifA rare case of huge cutaneous horn of the ear was presented. The lesion was totally excised over the auricular cartilage with a 5-mm margin and the defect was closed with a full-thickness skin graft taken from the preauricular area. To the best of our knowledge, there is no any report of this kind of interesting cutaneous corn of the ear.Öğe Knot Technique: A New Treatment of Ingrown Nails(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Altuntas, ZeynepBACKGROUNDIngrown nails are a painful problem that affects all ages, particularly the young, and it may become chronic if not treated.OBJECTIVEA new technique was used to treat patients with Stages 2 and 3 ingrown nails in whom conservative and surgical methods were attempted.MATERIALS AND METHODSA total of 30 patients presenting with Stages 2 and 3 ingrown nails to the clinic between 2010 and 2012 were included. A wedge excision of the upper and lower soft tissues of the nail was performed. The wound margins were simply sutured with 2/0 polypropylene. Approximately 8 to 10 knots were tied without cutting the stitches under the nail. These knots were used to push the soft tissue down and to raise the nail. This was achieved by placing a knot under the nail after the needle had been passed inside the nail, without cutting the suture before another knot was tied above the nail. Therefore, the ingrown part of the nail was raised.RESULTSPatients were followed up for 20 months (range, 10-24 months). Relapse was observed in only 1 patient. No infection was observed, and none of the patients required additional surgery.CONCLUSIONStages 2 and 3 ingrown nails can also be safely treated with this technique.Öğe A novel technique for distal fingertip replantation: Polypropylene suture guided interpositional vein graft(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Dadaci, Mehmet; Ince, Bilsev; Altuntas, Zeynep; Bitik, Ozan; Uzun, Hakan; Bilgen, FatmaBackground: Despite current advances in microsurgery, fingertip replantation is still controversial, mainly due to its difficulty and cost. The purpose of this study is to describe a new technique of interposition vein graft guided by polypropylene suture in distal fingertip replantation. Methods: A total of eight consecutive Tamai zone 1 fingertip replantations performed by the same author were included. All replantations were performed using interposition vein graft guided by polypropylene suture. This technique involved a vein graft of similar to 2 cm, with appropriate calibration, obtained from the volar part of the forearm and a 2-0 polyprolene suture passed through the interposition vein graft. Then, a polypropylene suture guide carrying the vein graft was inserted into the artery. The anastomosis was easily performed with the aid of 10-0 or 11-0 nylon in a bloodless medium and without encountering the posterior wall problem. Results: Average surgery time was 2.5 hours (range = 2-3 hours). Among eight Tamai zone 1 replantations, six were successful (75%). There were two replantations lost because of arterial failure. Conclusion: This technique may ease fingertip replantations and increase the success rate for Tamai zone 1 injuries.Öğe Our Clinical Experiences in Lower Eyelid Reconstruction(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2018) Altuntas, Zeynep; Uyar, Ilker; Findik, SidikaObjective: Different treatment principles have been applied in the reconstruction of partial or full layer defects of the lower eyelid. The use of the most similar tissue for eyelid reconstruction is important for both functional and esthetic results. This study aims to investigate the reconstruction methods performed in lower eyelid defects and to evaluate their esthetic and functional results. Patients and Methods: In this study, patients who underwent reconstructive surgery from 2012 to 2016 in our clinic were investigated. Cases of primary repairs after skin tumors located in the lower eyelids were excluded from the study. The sociodemographic characteristics of patients, the type and location of the tumor, defect size after surgery, anterior and posterior lamellar defects, and reconstruction methods used were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Thirty-seven patients were included in the study. Fifteen were male and 22 were female. There was only anterior lamellar defect in 29 patients and full-thickness lower eyelid defect in 8 patients. Anterior flaps used in lamellar defects were identified as glabellar flap, Limberg flap, advancement, transposition flap, nasolabial flap, forehead flap, and cheek flap. Chondromucosal graft, palatal mucosal graft, and buccal mucosal graft were used for repairing posterior lamellar defects. Conclusion: Separate reconstruction of the posterior and anterior lamellae is important to provide good functional and esthetic results in lower eyelid reconstruction. Depending on the size of the defect, using a single local flap or a combined flap with posterior lamella repair provides highly acceptable results.Öğe PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP), PLATELET POOR PLASMA (PPP), PLATELER RICH FIBRINE (PRF) CONCEPTS, THEIR BIOLOGICAL ROLES ON WOUNG HEALING AND CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IN PLASTIC SURGERY(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2014) Altuntas, Zeynep; Gundeslioglu, A. Ozlem; Ince, Bilsev; Dadaci, Mehmet; Savaci, NedimThe better understanding of the biology of wound healing shows that platelets and especially the growth factors they contain play a main role on hemostasis and healing. Studies show that autologous platelet rich plasma increases wound healing. Its clinical applications are also increasing and recently its effects on tissue regeneration have been discussed. In this study, the different PRP concepts, and their effects on wound healing and clinical applications in plastic surgery were discussed.Öğe Pleomorphic Fibroma of Tendon Sheath in Palmar Area(Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2016) Dadaci, Mehmet; Ince, Bilsev; Bilgen, Fatma; Altuntas, Zeynep; Sodali, Tuba; Bitik, OzanTendon sheath fibromas are slowly growing, firm, immobile, and painless masses that are frequently seen in fingers. They are commonly observed in middle-aged males. In our report, we discuss a case of a painless mass in the palmar area that was diagnosed as a pleomorphic fibroma of tendon sheath on histopathologic examination in light of the literature.Öğe Prevention of peritendinous adhesions with electrospun poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) bioabsorbable nanofiber: An experimental study(Elsevier, 2022) Uyanik, Orkun; Pekkoc-Uyanik, Kubra Cigdem; Findik, Siddika; Avci, Ahmet; Altuntas, ZeynepIn this study, we investigated the application of poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) in the rat Achilles tendon injury model for the prevention or alleviation of peritendinous adhesion and guidance of Achilles tendon regeneration. In the study, 48 rats were used and the rats were randomized by closed envelope method and divided into 4 mating groups in groups of 12. Left Achilles tendons of the non-PLGA-treated control group (groups 1 and 2) were cut and repaired. In the PLGA-treated groups (groups 3 and 4) the left Achilles tendons were cut and repaired, then PLGA bioabsorbable material was wrapped around the repair line. The rats in the 1st and 3rd groups were sacrificed at the end of the 1st month, and the rats in the 2nd and 4th groups at the end of the 2nd month. The degree of tendon adhesion in the Group 3 was lower in comparison with Group 1. Similarly, compared with Group 2, the degree of tendon adhesion in the Group 4 was lower. Inflammatory density, vascularization and fibrosis were higher in the experimental group. When the Group 3 and Group 1, and Group 2 and Group 4 were compared, adhesion length (p = 0.004, p = 0.041), adhesion characteristics (p = 0.049, p = 0.039) and adhesion severity (p = 0.007, p = 0.025) were found have statistically significant tendon healing in the PLGA-treated group, respectively. Significant difference was observed in inflammatory cell density, vascular density and fibrosis for Group 1 and Group 3, (p = 0.027, p = 0.041, p = 0.002), respectively. Similarly, significant difference was observed in inflammatory cell density, vascular density and fibrosis for Group 2 and Group 4, (p = 0.002, p = 0.027, p = 0.011), respectively. As a result, it was considered that poly (lactic acid-co-glycolic acid) material significantly reduces peritendinous adhesions, and this effect could occur with the vascular density, inflammatory density and fibrosis as indicated in histopathological examination. These data suggest that PLGA membrane has good biocompatibility and alleviates tendon adhesion after injury.
