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    Circular economy in the heritage conservation sector: An analysis of circularity degree in existing buildings
    (Elsevier, 2023) Disli, Gulsen; Ankaraligil, Betul
    The construction and building sectors are responsible for a large part of the consumption of energy and natural resources. The concept of the circular economy, a closed-loop system that uses waste as a resource, can be used as a strategy to mitigate this consumption by preserving and reusing historic buildings rather than demolishing and rebuilding them. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of the application of the circular economy to existing buildings and their preservation is conducted by examining the extensive literature on the circular economy approach and field studies to define and determine the degree of circular economy and contribution to environmental benefits. The study showed the importance of restoration, continuous use, rehabilitation, and renovation of historic buildings. It also showed that the most important parameter that determines the proximity to the circular economy is a constant use that adapts over time. In addition, the use of the building and its old traditional systems in multiple functions and by different users also increases and promotes the circular economy. The conclusions also highlight the need for concrete assessment parameters and appropriate indicators of the degree of circular economy in historic buildings, so that it might be possible to learn from these structures for contemporary buildings.
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    Sustainable and traditional technologies in Kutahya historic houses and their contribution to circularity: the case of Lajos Kossuth house
    (Univ Politecnica Valencia, Editorial Upv, 2021) Ankaraligil, Betul; Disli, Gulsen
    It is important to preserve historic buildings in their original conditions, not only to protect building integrity but also to sustain Traditional Knowledge Systems. As stated by ICCROM, those Traditional Knowledge Systems play an important role in the conservation and management of heritage. Among them, building service systems including heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, drainage, and their architectural construction technology help sustain heritage buildings and extend their life cycle with a minimum level of energy demand. Passive survivability means also contribute to comfort conditions, opening new scenarios for the designing of contemporary buildings. Hence, in this research, first, traditional Kutahya houses were examined in terms of their construction, technology, and architecture. Then, among them, Lajos Kossuth House, dating from the 18th century, has been chosen as an example to investigate its traditional building service systems in more detail from the point of circularity in construction, their contribution to circular economy, Cradle to Cradle (C2C) strategies, and design for adaptability principles (DfA). It is observed that they are mostly in a well-preserved condition in terms of both function and character-defining features. However, after 1982, during its refurbishment work to be used as a museum, some of its original details, especially the ones related to waste and clean water were destroyed. To be able to sustain and protect the rest of the original service systems and related architectural construction details in this case study building, they should first be documented, well defined and their recognition should be increased to serve as a model for the maintenance of similar building systems. In addition, it might be possible to transfer the knowledge of those passive survivability means and circular construction principles to contemporary buildings.