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    Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Structural, Thermal and Acoustic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Slabs with Balls for a Cleaner Environment
    (Springer, 2023) Arslan, Musa Hakan; Özkılıç, Yasin Onuralp; Arslan, Hatice Derya; Şahin, Ömer Sinan
    This study conducted a comprehensive experimental and numerical assessment to investigate the effect of plastic circular balls placed in the middle of a section of a reinforced concrete slab on strength, ductility, thermal, and acoustic performance. The ball diameter/slab thickness (D/H), grades of concrete, and longitudinal tensile reinforcement ratio (q) in the slab were selected as the main variables. The variation in thermal and acoustic performance depending upon the ball’s diameter was investigated as well. The results showed that the slab’s load-carrying capacity, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity did not differ if the D/H ratio did not exceed 0.4; however, significant decreases in these values were observed when the D/H ratio exceeded 0.4. Moreover, the increase in the concrete and reinforcement’s strength had a negative effect on the slab with a D/H ratio of 0.8. The experimental results revealed that balled slabs are 3.15 times superior with respect to thermal conductivity and provide 1.38 times more insulation to absorb sound compared to nonballed slabs. In the numerical study of the slabs’ thermal performance, the mean surface temperature and heat flux on the slab where the heat transfer takes place decreased as the ball diameter increased. As seen in acoustic models, the level at which the slabs absorbed sound varied depending upon both the diameter of the balls and the sound frequency.
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    Investigation of the Earthquake Performance Adequacy of Low-Rise RC Structures Designed According to the Simplified Design Rules in TBEC-2019
    (Mdpi, 2022) Yel, Nur Seda; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Aksoylu, Ceyhun; Erkan, Ibrahim Hakki; Arslan, Hatice Derya; Isik, Ercan
    In this study, earthquake performance of the structures was tested which were modeled according to the minimum criteria of simplified analysis approach proposed in TBEC-2019. For this purpose, 144 reinforced-concrete building models were designed according to parameters such as earthquake design class, building height (number of storey), number of spans, soil type and three different simplified formulas suggested in the code. The level of structural performance of buildings models was determined by the linear (L) and nonlinear performance analysis (NL) methods that given in TBEC-2019. The base shear force, top displacements and over-strength factor (omega) of each structural model were obtained, and performance analysis was performed by comparatively. As a result of the structural analyses, it was seen that some of the buildings model designed according to minimum column sectional criteria given in simplified methods could not meet the suggested seismic performance level. While the number of structural models that provide the controlled damage (CD) level in the L analysis method is 44 (30.55%), it is 107 (74.3%) in the NL analysis method. The insufficient performance was obtained in both L and NL methods in models which have over-strength values below 3. It has been observed that multi-criteria of building performance are not met with the weakening of local soil conditions. It was also seen that the L method chosen in the performance analysis gave more conservative results with this study.
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    Perceptual Evaluation of the Mosque Facades of Different Periods: Preference, Complexity, Impressiveness, and Stimulative
    (Yildiz Technical Univ, Fac Architecture, 2017) Arslan, Hatice Derya; Yildirim, Kemal
    It was aimed in this study to determine the effects on the perceptual evaluations of participants for the design differences of mosque facades that were shaped according to periods, countries and architectural trends within the geographical boundaries where the Islamic religion spread. With this purpose, 100 participants treated in 3 groups (Seljukid period, Ottoman period and Turkish Republic Period) were evaluated with the semantic differentiation scale, which covered the variables of preference, complexity, impressiveness and stimulative of the facade visuals of 16 different mosques. In conclusion, the data obtained on the mosque visuals, which were used in the survey study, showed that there was a statistically significant differences among the variables of complexity, preference, impressiveness and stimulative and it was determined that there was a reverse U-shaped relationship between the variables of preference and complexity in the evaluation of mosque. Then, to examine the effect of age, gender and education level on participants evaluations of the mosque visuals, the one-way analysis of variance was applied. Accordingly, it was determined that the male participants displayed a more negative approach compared to female, middle-aged participants (36-50 years of age) compared to young participants (22-35 years of age), participants with higher education compared to participants with secondary education. According to results; the Ottoman period mosques were more complex compared to the others, they were preferenced more and found to be even more effective and stimulating.
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    School buildings performance in 7.7 Mw and 7.6 Mw catastrophic earthquakes in southeast of Turkey
    (Elsevier, 2023) Ozturk, Murat; Arslan, Musa Hakan; Dogan, Gamze; Ecemis, Ali Serdar; Arslan, Hatice Derya
    Although Turkey is located in one of the active earthquake belts of the world, the 7.7 and 7.6 magnitude earthquakes that occurred on February 6, 2023, 9 h apart, as rarely seen in the seismology literature, caused one of the biggest disasters in Turkey's history. In the earthquakes affecting an area of approximately 110,000 square kilometers, serious damage and collapse occurred in public buildings as well as other structures. There are more than 12,000 school buildings in the earthquake-affected area and this number constitutes an important part of public buildings. This article deals with the damage types and causes of various public school buildings that were exposed to the earthquakes in southern Turkey on February 6, 2023. The seismicity of the region and the effects of the 6 February earthquakes were discussed, and the response spectra of the different regions most affected by the earthquakes were compared with the design spectra defined in the codes. In addition, during the field investigation the damage types and causes of damage in school buildings were listed in sections and the observations made with performance based analytical studies were supported. From field reconnaissance, the importance of understanding the deficiencies of school buildings, which have social priority, in order to avoid tragic consequences in possible earthquakes has been revealed.