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    Investigating the Influence of Stacking Sequences on the Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of Coconut Coir Fiber-Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Composites
    (Korean Fiber Soc, 2024) Asyraf, M. R. M.; Syamsir, Agusril; Supian, A. B. M.; Zaki, M. A. F. M.; Hazrati, K. Z.; Ashraf, W.; Anggraini, Vivi
    The coconut fruit is cultivated for fruit in tropical countries, whereas its husk and shell are a potential source of natural fiber, which is mostly disposed of as waste material. There is an increasing trend in research and innovation to replace synthetic fiber with natural fiber to reduce the environmental carbon footprint. However, using natural fiber in polymer composite is challenging because of the lower mechanical strength and hydrophilic nature of the natural fiber. The literature reported on mechanical and moisture resistance properties of coir fiber polymer composite with different fiber orientations is very limited. Thus, this research aims to evaluate the mechanical properties (flexural and impact) and moisture resistance properties of the coir fiber reinforced composite. The fiber ware stacked with three different fiber orientations, namely 0 degrees/0 degrees/0 degrees, 0 degrees/90 degrees/0 degrees and 0 degrees/+ 45 degrees/0 degrees. The composite was fabricated with the hand lay-up technique. The overall results indicated that the composite specimens with the orientation of 0 degrees/0 degrees/0 degrees indicated the best flexural properties and water penetration resistance in the composite. The stacking sequence of 0 degrees/ + 45 degrees/0 degrees gave the best impact properties. However, at this orientation, it gave the lowest water resistance among the studied configurations.
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    Lignocellulosic Sugar Palm Fibre-Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites: Mechanical, Thermal and Dynamic Mechanical Properties
    (Korean Fiber Soc, 2023) Asyraf, M. R. M.; Hazrati, K. Z.; Sheng, Desmond Daniel Chin Vui; Rafidah, M.; Ashraf, W.; Madenci, Emrah; Ozkilic, Yasin Onuralp
    Lignocellulosic fibre obtained from forest biomass has various advantages, especially in product development due to its abundance and ability in mechanical properties. Sugar palm fibre (SPF) has emerged as promising fibre reinforcement in composite industries to form high-strength and stiffness biocomposites. Due to environmental concerns such as air pollution and global warming, the global community has worked together to replace conventional plastic with biomass waste like SPF in various product types. Traditionally, sugar palm by-products are useful for various traditional uses such as traditional foods, gula kabung, and alcohol, while SPF is applied as rope, brooms and brushes. Numerous researchers have taken initiatives to implement SPF in the packaging sector and transport uses such as lifeguard boats. Some works have proved that SPF-reinforced polymer composites exhibit high mechanical strength and remarkable properties in thermal degradations. However, like other lignocellulosic fibres, the SPF exhibits high water absorption properties, which causes problems binding with thermoplastic matrix, reducing its performance. Based on the literature survey, no review has been carried out on discussing the mechanical and thermal behaviour of SPF-reinforced thermoplastic composites. Hence, the current review aims to establish concise and collective findings from previous works on SPF/thermoplastic composites to provide a good source of literature for further research on this topic.