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    Comparison of TIVA and Desflurane Added to a Subanaesthetic Dose of Propofol in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Evaluation of Haemodynamic and Stress Hormone Changes
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Onk, Didem; Ayazoglu, Tulin Akarsu; Onk, Oruc Alper; Aksut, Mehmet; Gunay, Murat; Turkmen, Kultigin; Ozensoy, Aynur
    Introduction. Increased levels of stress hormones are associated with mortality in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Aim. To compare total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) and desflurane added to a subanaesthetic dose of propofol. Material and Methods. Fifty patients were enrolled in this study. Fentanyl (3-5mcg/kg/h) was started in both groups. Patients were divided into two groups. The PD group (n = 25) received 1 minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) desflurane anaesthesia in addition to propofol infusion (2-3 mg/kg/h), while P group (n = 25) received propofol infusion (5-6 mg/kg/h) only. Biochemical data, cortisol, and insulin levels were measured preoperatively (T0), after initiation of CPB but before cross-clamping the aorta (T1), after removal of the cross-clamp (T2), and at the 24th postoperative hour (T3). Results. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure levels were significantly higher in PD group than those in P group in T1 and T2 measurements (p <= 0.05). CK-MB showed a significant decrease in group P (p <= 0.05). When we compared both groups, cortisol levels were significantly higher in PD group than P group (p <= 0.05). Conclusion. Stress and haemodynamic responses were better controlled using TIVA than desflurane inhalation added to a subanaesthetic dose of propofol in patients undergoing CABG.
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    Melatonin Attenuates Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Rats: The Role of Interleukin-33 and Oxidative Stress
    (Hindawi Ltd, 2016) Onk, Didem; Onk, Oruc Alper; Turkmen, Kultigin; Erol, Huseyin Serkan; Ayazoglu, Tulin Akarsu; Keles, Osman Nuri; Halici, Mesut
    Background. Inflammation and oxidative stress (OxS) contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and contrastinduced nephropathy (CIN). Patients with DKD were found to be more prone to CIN. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a proinflammatory cytokine, but its role in DKDand CINis unknown. Methods. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled. The first group was comprised of healthy rats (HRs), whereas the other four groups were made up of diabetic rats (DRs), diabetic rats with contrastinduced nephropathy (CIN + DRs), melatonin-treated diabetic rats (MTDRs), andmelatonin-treated CIN + DRs (MTCIN + DRs). All groups except the HRs received 50mg/kg/day streptozotocin (STZ). CIN + DRs were constituted by administrating 1.5mg/kg of intravenous radiocontrast dye on the 35th day. MTDRs andMTCIN + DRs were given 20mg/kg/day of intraperitoneal injection of melatonin (MT) from the 28th day for the constitutive seven days. Results. We observed increased IL-33 in the kidney tissue following induction of CIN in DRs. To determine whether MT is effective in preventing CIN, we administered MT in CIN + DRs and demonstrated that kidney tissue levels of OxS markers, inflammatory cytokines, and IL-33 were significantly diminished in MTCIN + DRs compared with other groups without MT treatment (p < 0.05). Conclusion. Inhibition of IL-33 with MT provides therapeutic potential in DKD with CIN.