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    Chemoprotective effect of vitamin E in cyclophosphamide-induced hepatotoxicity in rats
    (Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2015) Cuce, Gokhan; Cetinkaya, Seda; Koc, Tugba; Esen, Haci Hasan; Limandal, Cisem; Balci, Tevfik; Kalkan, Serpil
    Cyclophosphamide (CP) has a range of adverse effects on liver tissue in humans and animals. Administering an antioxidant with CP might reduce such side effects. Therefore, we examined the role of vitamin E in CP-induced liver toxicity in rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups, each of seven rats: control, CP only, CP + vitamin E, and vitamin E only groups. The rats were administered treatments intraperitoneally for 7 days. Then the serum malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined while the livers were removed, tissue was prepared using routine histological procedures, sections were stained using hematoxylin and eosin, and the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method was applied. Histopathologically, CP caused hydropic degeneration, necrosis, pleomorphism, and mitotic activity. The number of TUNEL-positive cells and the MDA and ALT levels were significantly higher in the CP group. The antioxidant effects of vitamin E significantly decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells and the ALT and MDA levels, and normalized the liver histopathology. CP induces apoptosis, has toxic effects on liver tissue, and changes the histological structure. The administration of vitamin E prevented the liver tissue damage caused by CP. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Oxytocin and Vasopressin Levels and Related Factors in Adolescents with Social Phobia and Other Anxiety Disorders
    (Korean Coll Neuropsychopharmacology, 2022) Uzun, Necati; Akca, Omer Faruk; Kilinc, Ibrahim; Balci, Tevfik
    Objective: This study aimed to determine whether a difference exists in plasma oxytocin and vasopressin levels among social anxiety disorder, other anxiety disorders, and healthy control groups in adolescents. The relationship between several psychiatric variables (i.e., state and trait anxiety, social anxiety, childhood trauma, and behavioral inhibition) and oxytocin or vasopressin levels were also investigated in adolescents with anxiety disorders. Methods: The study included three groups of adolescents: social anxiety disorder (n = 29), those with other anxiety disorders (n = 27), and the control group (n = 28). The participants filled out self-report scales to determine various psychological variables. Oxytocin and vasopressin levels were determined from the blood samples of the participants. Results: The oxytocin levels did not show a significant difference between the social anxiety disorder group and the other anxiety disorders group. However, the oxytocin levels were significantly higher in the social anxiety disorder and other anxiety disorders groups than in the control group. The vasopressin levels did not show a significant difference among the groups. According to the hierarchical regression analysis, the state and trait anxiety levels predicted oxytocin in opposite directions. Oxytocin showed positive and negative relationship with trait and state anxiety respectively. No predictive factors were found for the vasopressin levels. Conclusion: We found that the oxytocin levels of adolescents with social anxiety disorder were not different from those of adolescents with other anxiety disorders. Further studies can improve our knowledge of the relationship among anxiety disorders and oxytocin or vasopressin.