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    Evaluation of subclinical cardiovascular disease by carotid intima media thickness, epicardial adipose tissue thickness, serum endocan, and nesfatin-1 levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
    (Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Kocabas, Muhammet; Alsancak, Yakup; Can, Mustafa; Cordan, Ilker; Burgucu, Hatice Caliskan; Karakose, Melia; Yerlikaya, Fatma Humeyra
    Background/aim: Data on the presence and extent of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) are conflicting. In our study, we aimed to investigate the increased CVD risk in patients with PHPT by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) thickness, and serum levels of endocan and nesfatin-1. Materials and methods: Patients with PHPT (n = 44) and age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects (n = 40) were enrolled in this study. Demographic data of the participants were questioned. Serum endocan and nesfatin-1 concentrations were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Noninvasive measurements of CIMT and EAT thickness were made with high-resolution ultrasonography and B-mode echocardiography. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in serum endocan and nesfatin-1 levels and EAT thickness in the PHPT group compared to controls. CIMT was statistically significantly higher in the PHPT group compared to controls (p = 0.001). A negative correlation was found between PTH and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (p = 0.001) but no significant relationship was found between other parameters. Conclusion: We found that CIMT is increased in patients with PHPT and consequently, CVD risk is high in these patients. More comprehensive studies are needed to identify other markers that predict increased CVD risk in patients with PHPT.
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    Palosuran in Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in an Experimental Rat Model
    (Aves, 2022) Burgucu, Hatice Caliskan; Olukman, Murat; Coskunsever, Deniz; Sen, Sait; Sozmen, Eser Yildirim; Can, Mustafa; Duman, Soner
    Objective: Urotensin-II is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide and has fibrotic effects in the heart and kidneys and palosuran is a selective urotensin-II receptor antagonist. This study aimed to investigate the effects of palosuran, which has antifibrotic effects, in an acute kidney injury model formed with gentamicin and to reveal new treatment options for acute kidney injury cases. Methods: A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of 8 animals as the control group, the gentamicin group, and the gentamicin+palosuran group. The rats in the control group received a 1 x 1 mL intramuscular injection of saline for 8 days. To create acute kidney injury in the rats in the gentamicin group, an intramuscular injection of 100 mg/kg/day gentamycine was applied for 8 days. In the gentamicin + palosuran group, an intramuscular injection of 100 mg/kg/day gentamycine was applied for 8 days, together with 300 mg/kg palosuran dissolved in distilled water and administered by oral gavage twice a day for the same period. Serum urea, creatinine, calcium, albumin, total protein levels, and urine gamma-glutamyl transferase and protein levels were evaluated for all the groups. In addition, tubular degeneration, tubular necrosis, tubular regeneration, tubulointerstitial nephritis, microcalcification, and total histological scores of these groups were also examined histopathologically. Results: The urine gamma-glutamyl transferase levels of the gentamicin and gentamicin + palosuran groups were significantly higher than those of the control group (311 +/- 60.5 and 140 +/- 39.5 vs. 0.33 +/- 0.22, P <.05). On the eighth day, the gamma-glutamyl transferase levels of the gentamicin + palosuran group were significantly lower than the gentamicin group (311 +/- 60.5 vs. 140 +/- 39.5, P <.05). A significant decrease was obtained in tubular necrosis in the gentamicin + palosuran group compared to the gentamicin group (2.5 +/- 0.3 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.4, P <.05). A statistically significant decrease was determined in the total histological score in the gentamicin + palosuran group compared to the gentamicin group (6.4 +/- 0.7 vs. 4.7 +/- 0.7, P <.05). Our results showed that the urotensin-II receptor antagonist, palosuran, had positive effects on tubular necrosis, tubular degeneration, tubular regeneration, and the total histological score in an experimental acute kidney injury model formed with gentamicin. Conclusion: The study results suggest that urotensin-II may play a role in the physiopathology of acute renal failure associated with gentamicin. These results are promising for the use of palosuran in the treatment of acute kidney injury.
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    Thyroid Nodules in Patients with Acromegaly: Frequency According to the ACR TI-RADS Classification and its Relationship with Disease Activity
    (Georg Thieme Verlag Kg, 2021) Can, Mustafa; Kocabas, Muhammet; Karakose, Melia; Burgucu, Hatice Caliskan; Yarar, Zeliha; Kulaksizoglu, Mustafa; Karakurt, Feridun
    Purpose: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of thyroid nodules in patients with acromegaly according to the American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging, Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) classification and its relationship with acromegaly disease activity. Methods: A total of 56 patients with acromegaly and age, sex, and body mass index matched with 56 healthy control subjects were included in our study. Thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, and anti-thyroperoxidase antibody levels of patients and control subjects were measured. In addition, patients and healthy controls were evaluated by ultrasonography to determine thyroid structure, thyroid volume, and thyroid nodules and to make ACR TI-RADS classification. Results: Thyroid nodules were present in 31 (55.4%) of 56 patients in the acromegaly group and 20 (35.7%) of 56 subjects in the control group, and the frequency of thyroid nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.038). The mean number of nodules in the acromegaly group and control group was 1.271.43 and 0.48 +/- 0.73, respectively, and the mean number of nodules was significantly higher in the acromegaly group (p=0.003). The number of patients with TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules in the acromegaly group was higher than the control group (p=0.026, p=0.049, p=0.007, respectively). No difference was found in terms of cytological findings between those who have undergone FNAB in the acromegaly group and control group. Conclusion: In our study, we found that the frequency of thyroid nodules, the number of thyroid nodules, and the number of TI-RADS 1, TI-RADS 2, and TI-RADS 4 nodules increased in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference between acromegaly disease activity and thyroid nodule frequency, number of thyroid nodules, and TI-RADS classifications.