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Öğe The clinical correlation and predictive value of electrophysiological variables on clinical response to clozapine in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia(Elsevier, 2019) Gica, Sakir; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Poyraz, Burc Cagri; Gulec, Huseyin[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Emotional Information Processing and Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Social Anxiety Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study(Sage Publications Inc, 2022) Tetik, Dilek; Gica, Sakir; Bestepe, Engin Emrem; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Gulec, HuseyinThe aim of our study was to determine deficits in cognitive areas, including social cognition such as emotion recognition capacity, theory of mind, and electrophysiological alterations in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and to identify their effects on clinical severity of SAD. Enrolled in our study were 26 patients diagnosed with SAD and 26 healthy volunteers. They were administered the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. EEG monitoring was performed for electrophsiologic investigation. In the patient group, total reading the mind scores were lower (P = .027) while P300 latencies and emotion recognition latency during the Emotion Recognition Task (ERT) were longer (P = .038 and P = .012, respectively). The false alarm scores in the Rapid Visual Information Processing Task (RVP) were higher in the patient group (P = .038). In a model created using multivariate linear regression analysis, an effect of ERT and RVP scores on LSAS scores was found. Results of our study confirm that particularly impairment of cognitive functions such as sustained attention and emotion recognition may seriously affect the clinical presentation negatively. P300 latency in the parietal region may has the potential to be a biological marker that can be used in monitoring treatment.Öğe Olfactory Functions and Empathy Affect Social Functionality through Self-care in Patients with Schizophrenia with Long Disease Duration(Mediafarm Group, 2021) Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Gica, Sakir; Tetik, Dilek; Gulec, HuseyinBackground: Studies have shown that impaired social functioning can be much more severe and destructive than psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. In this context, it may be important to identify areas that are effective for social functionality, and where intervention is necessary to promote and develop competencies. In the current study, the aim was to investigate the relationship between olfactory functions and empathic abilities and their impact on impaired social functionality in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: Fifty-one healthy controls and 48 patients with schizophrenia were included in the study. Sniffin' Sticks Test and Questionaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy Scale (QCEA) were given to all participants. In addition, the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) Scale was given to the patients. Results: There was a significant difference in terms of the mean scores of total odor (p<0.001), odor discrimination/identification (p<0.001), and also there was a significant difference in terms of the mean score of total empathy (p=0.05) and some sub-dimensions (p=0.05 for perspective taking and p=0.01 for cognitive empathy). In post-hoc analysis performed based on the duration of the illness; it was found that duration of illness had a moderating effect in the relationship of both odor and empathy scores with social functionality (p <= 0.001 for interaction effect). In addition, odor and QCEA scores had a significant effect on PSP self-care subscale scores in patients with an illness duration over 10 years. Conclusion: Olfactory functions and empathic abilities were decreased in patients with schizophrenia. The findings of current study support that the effect of the deterioration of these abilities on the decrease in social functionality becomes evident as they became firmly established.Öğe Psychometric Properties of Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE): Reliability and Factor Analysis Study in Turkish Sample(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-Turk Noropsikiyatri Dernegi, 2021) Gica, Sakir; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Iyisoy, M. Sinan; Gulec, HuseyinIntroduction: The Questionnaire Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) scale is a tool that is widely used because of its multi-dimensional assessment of ability for empathy and is currently available in many languages. The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of QCAE, which evaluates cognitive and emotional empathy with its multi-dimensional structure, and to bring it into the Turkish. Methods: The study was carried out in a Turkish population of 412 healthy volunteers. Internal consistency, confirmatory factor analyses and gender comparisons of the Turkish version of the scale were performed. Results: The Turkish version of QCAE had good construct validity and reliability for the five-correlated factors model (i. e., Emotion Contagion, Proximal Responsivity, Peripheral Responsivity, Perspective Taking and Online Simulation). Temporal reliability was high with a two week test-retest intra-correlation coefficient range of 0.69-0.79. A total of 3 models were tested with confirmatory factor analyses, including the models of the original investigation. Cognitive-Affective distinction was not supported by the pattern of correlations between the factors. Conclusion: Our results support that it is appropriate to compute and interpret the 5 sub-dimensions of the Turkish version of QCAE separately and totally, but the limitations in its use in the Cognitive Empathy and Affective Empathy sub-dimensions should be heeded.
