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    3?,4?-Dihydroxyflavonol attenuates spatial learning and memory impairments in global cerebral ischemia
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2017) Oz, Mehmet; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Caliskan, Merve; Mogulkoc, Rasim; Baltaci, Abdulkerim Kasim; Atalik, K. Esra Nurullahoglu
    Objectives: In the present study, effects of 3', 4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF) on anxiety-like behavior, and learning and memory were investigated in a model of transient global cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: The animals were assigned to sham-operated, ischemia, and two DiOHF-treated (10 mg/kg i. p.) groups. DiOHF was administered at 1 hour before and immediately after the ischemia. Male rats were subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion to induce acute cerebral ischemia for 20 minutes, followed by reperfusion for 7 days. The openfield, elevated plus maze (EPM), and Morris water maze tests were used to evaluate the effects of DiOHF treatment on ischemia-induced locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and spatial and recognition memory impairments, respectively. Results: In the open field test, locomotor activity in the ischemic rats was not altered 6 days after the ischemia, nor was anxiety-like behavior, which was evaluated with the EPM (P > 0.05). In the water-maze test, cerebral ischemia significantly decreased the exploration time in the target quadrant, and the platform crossing counts were lower (P < 0.05) in the probe trial test; this memory impairment was significantly improved by DiOHF applied 1 hour before and immediately after ischemia (P < 0.05). Discussion: All together, these findings suggest that DiOHF reverses spatial learning and memory deficits resulting from transient global ischemia but has no significant effect on anxiety-like behavior.