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    Comparison of the body compositions in obese and nonobese individuals: Can learning body compositions motivate losing weight?
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2017) Kutlu, R.; Cihan, F. G.
    Background: Obesity is one of the leading preventable causes of death worldwide. Objective: To compare body compositions in obese and nonobese individuals. Methods: This cross-sectional study constituted of 428 individuals. Body compositions were determined using the Tanita. Results: Of all the participants, 300 (70.1%) were female. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 30.8% and 47.7%, respectively. Having low educational level, female gender, not working, being married, and nonsmoker significantly increased more in obese than nonobese (P < 0.001). Total body water, visceral fat accumulation, body mass index, resting metabolic rate, fat-free mass, bone mass, and muscle mass were significantly higher in obese when compared to those with nonobese (P < 0.001). Thirteen percent of the participants were thinking of changing their diet and lifestyle to lose weight at the beginning. After learning their body compositions, the rate increased to 60% who decided to modify their lifestyle and asked for help to lose weight. This behavior change was significant in especially the overweighted participants (P = 0.025). Conclusion: The changes in body composition are associated with obesity and increased risk for certain cancers, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus. Learning the health risks can motivate losing weight. Multicentered studies can be illuminating different cultural factors about obesity.
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    Evaluation of depression and quality of life in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
    (Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2016) Yosunkaya, S.; Kutlu, R.; Cihan, F. G.
    Background: Sleep fragmentation, repetitive hypoxemia during sleep, excessive sleepiness during the day, lack of concentration, memory loss, depression, decreased libido, and impotence are the characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) that may impair quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to investigate the QOL and factors that may affect QOL in people with different OSAS severity and without sleep apnea. Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study. Polysomnography was performed on 200 people. Those detected as having nonapnea and mild-moderate-severe OSAS were administered the Epworth sleepiness scale, Beck Depression Inventory, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) scale. Results: According to the apnea-hypopnea index, 36 people (18.0%) were in the nonapnea-hypopnea group, 28 (14.0%) in the mild OSAS group, 63 (31.5%) in the moderate OSAS group, and 73 people (36.5%) were in the severe OSAS group. Depression was present in 31 people (15.5%) who participated in the study. The nonapnea-hypopnea group comprised 12.9% of those with depression, mild OSAS group comprised 16.1%, moderate OSAS group comprised 22.6%, and severe OSAS group had 48.4% of the depressed subjects. Beck depression scores showed a significant positive correlation with the Epworth scale (t 90% SaO2) (r = 0.285, P 0.001 and r = 0.283, P 0.001, respectively). The mean scores of WHOQOL-BREF subgroups' physical health (P 0.001), psychological health (P 0.001), social relations (P 0.001), and the environmental area (P 0.001) in those with depression were statistically significantly lower than those without depression. QOL was significantly associated with the presence of OSAS (P = 0.008). Conclusion: Decreased deep sleep duration, increased arousal index, and a high ratio of sleep duration with oxygen saturation below 90% to the duration of the entire sleep period increase daytime sleepiness and depressive symptoms in those with OSAS; thus, disrupting general health and QOL.