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    Characterization of lactic acid bacteria from yogurt-like product fermented with pine cone and determination of their role on physicochemical, textural and microbiological properties of product
    (Elsevier, 2017) Sert, Durmus; Mercan, Emin; Dertli, Enes
    The aim of this study was to understand how pine cone (PC) addition could acidify the milk and result in the production of yogurt. For this purpose, yogurts were produced with three different pine cones which were classified according to collection period; PC-1 (October), PC-2 (November) and PC-3 (December). Physicochemical, textural and microbiological properties were determined as quality criteria on the yogurt samples. Importantly, Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) were isolated and identified from yogurt samples. 26 of 80 yogurt isolates were identified. The incubation time of yogurts until the pH reached 4.6-4.7 was similar to 3.5-4 h at 45 degrees C. Textural properties of yogurt PC-3 increased as compared to PC-1 and PC-2 which was found to be related with high LAB numbers in PC-3. Similarly, the highest dry matter, water holding capacity, acidity values were determined in the yogurt PC-3 whereas PC-1 had the lowest values. The lowest pH value was found in yogurt PC-3 related to LAB counts. Lactobacillus spp. and Streptococcus spp. counts of yogurts ranged between 5.95-6.82 and 6.32-6.99 log cfuig, respectively. Also, LAB species were identified as Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus plantarum in all yogurt samples showing that pine cones somehow harbour the yogurt starters. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    The effects of carbon dioxide addition to cheese milk on the microbiological properties of Turkish White brined cheese
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Dertli, Enes; Sert, Durmus; Akin, Nihat
    This study invest0igated the effect of CO2 added to achieve three pH levels: pH 6.1, pH 6.2 and pH 6.3 for treatments X, Y, Z, respectively, on some microbiological properties of Turkish White (TW) brined cheese. For each pH, four batches of cheese were produced from: raw milk with no added carbon dioxide (UR), raw milk with carbon dioxide (TR), pasteurised milk with no carbon dioxide addition (UP) and pasteurised milk with carbon dioxide addition (TP). The microbiological analysis of TW brined cheeses was carried out for 90 days of maturation period. Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria, mesophilic lactic acid bacteria, yeasts and moulds and coliform group were determined in control and CO2 treatment groups. Mesophilic bacteria count was determined as 5.14, 5.29, 5.67 log cfu/g for pH 6.1, 6.2 and 6.3, respectively, in CO2-treated raw milk cheeses. Yeasts and moulds reduction increased significantly by applying CO2 (P < 0.01). For TW cheese samples, the most significant microbial inactivation was detected at sample groups of pH 6.1.
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    Impact of exopolysaccharide production on functional properties of some Lactobacillus salivarius strains
    (Springer, 2015) Mercan, Emin; Ispirli, Humeyra; Sert, Durmus; Yilmaz, Mustafa Tahsin; Dertli, Enes
    The aim of this work was to characterize functional properties of Lactobacillus salivarius strains isolated from chicken feces. Detection of genes responsible for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production revealed that all strains harbored a dextransucrase gene, but p-gtf gene was only detected in strain E4. Analysis of EPS production levels showed significant alterations among strains tested. Biofilm formation was found to be medium composition dependant, and there was a negative correlation with biofilm formation and EPS production. Autoaggregation properties and coaggregation of L. salivarius strains with chicken pathogens were appeared to be specific at strain level. An increment in bacterial adhesion to chicken gut explants was observed in L. salivarius strains with the reduction in EPS production levels. This study showed that strain-specific properties can determine the functional properties of L. salivarius strains, and the interference of these properties might be crucial for final selection of these strains for technological purposes.