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Öğe 2014-2017 CONSERVATIONS AND RESTORATIONS OF HAYDAR QADI MOSQUE IN BITOLA, MACEDONIA(Trakya Univ Balkan Yerlesesi Enstituler Binasi, 2018) Disli, Gulsen; Uz Taskesen, Ayse NerminThe aim of this research is to conduct condition assessment of deteriorations of Haydar Qadi Mosque in Bitola, Macedonia prior to beginning of restoration works and explain 2014-2017 restorations conducted with the budget of Directorate General of Foundations in cooperation with the Republic of Macedonia's Islamic Religious Community, Skopje National Conservation Center and Bitola National Institute and Museum Directorate. There is a three-bay portico on northern side of the mosque, built on a square base. There are wall paintings/decorations dated various periods inside the mosque. The mosque has been repaired and made alterations many times since it was constructed in the 16 th century. Especially with the outburst of Balkan Wars in 1912 and resultant withdrawal of Ottomans from the region, Muslims fell into minority and the building was abandoned to its faith. The mosque was used for various purposes for many times. Together with broken pieces of minbar, gravestones collected all around Bitola was were piled up inside the building that was later abandoned and vandalized. Along with fieldworks conducted during the restoration process of the mosque, which constituted the primary method of the study, related literature, archival, and historical research have also been conducted during the study. The repairs were presented under following headings; consolidation/strengthening, cleaning, completion, reconstruction, conservation of decorations/wall paintings. Landscaping, and conservation of gravestones has also been explained. The basic approach in conservation applications and project works has been to preserve the original and different period additions reflecting original construction techniques, materials and architectural elements, clean unoriginal additions and structural strengthening. Pre-restoration deteriorations of building, findings and depictions related to architectural details, decorations, wall paintings discovered during the repairs have been shared with scientific world. Previous restoration interventions and the effect of historical, ethnical, and cultural identity of the region on architecture and decorations have also been evaluated. This research is also important in terms of exchange of knowledge and experience between Turkish and Macedonian preservation experts.Öğe Area Management Plan Draft of Kilistra Ancient City(Kare Publ, 2020) Bahtiyar, Tuba Bulbul; Disli, GulsenUNESCO adopted the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972, and Turkey approved the mentioned Convention with the Cabinet Decision in 1982. Currently in Turkey there are 83 properties in World Heritage Tentative List which conserve their authenticity and integrity to a great extent with outstanding universal values, thus secured as the common property of mankind. World Heritage nominees are also selected among the World Heritage Tentative Lists of each member countries of UNESCO. In this research, case study approach has been adopted. and management plan trial has been done for Kilistra Ancient City case study area, which is approximate to 50 km distance to Konya city center, and exhibiting a settlement similar to Cappadocia. Thus, sustainable preservation, progress, and development of the area is aimed. In addition, it has been evaluated in terms of its potentials to be nominated for UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List. Within the context of management plan draft, detailed action plans have been prepared for the case study area, SWOT analyses have been done, borders of the suggested management area, its vision, objectives, and stakeholders have been determined. Authenticity and integrity statement, outstanding universal value decleration and comparison with the similar properties are also explained in tentative list nomination format. Although it is not compulsory to prepare a management plan for the nomination of a property in tentative list, thanks to the suggested plan draft developed for Kilistra Ancient City, it is thought that, its recognition and sustainable preservation might be increased, and with its potentials, the ancient city can be evaluated to be nominated for the Tentative List.Öğe Area Management Plan Draft of Kilistra Ancient City(Kare Publ, 2020) Bahtiyar, Tuba Bulbul; Disli, GulsenUNESCO adopted the Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage in 1972, and Turkey approved the mentioned Convention with the Cabinet Decision in 1982. Currently in Turkey there are 83 properties in World Heritage Tentative List which conserve their authenticity and integrity to a great extent with outstanding universal values, thus secured as the common property of mankind. World Heritage nominees are also selected among the World Heritage Tentative Lists of each member countries of UNESCO. In this research, case study approach has been adopted. and management plan trial has been done for Kilistra Ancient City case study area, which is approximate to 50 km distance to Konya city center, and exhibiting a settlement similar to Cappadocia. Thus, sustainable preservation, progress, and development of the area is aimed. In addition, it has been evaluated in terms of its potentials to be nominated for UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List. Within the context of management plan draft, detailed action plans have been prepared for the case study area, SWOT analyses have been done, borders of the suggested management area, its vision, objectives, and stakeholders have been determined. Authenticity and integrity statement, outstanding universal value decleration and comparison with the similar properties are also explained in tentative list nomination format. Although it is not compulsory to prepare a management plan for the nomination of a property in tentative list, thanks to the suggested plan draft developed for Kilistra Ancient City, it is thought that, its recognition and sustainable preservation might be increased, and with its potentials, the ancient city can be evaluated to be nominated for the Tentative List.Öğe Circular economy in the heritage conservation sector: An analysis of circularity degree in existing buildings(Elsevier, 2023) Disli, Gulsen; Ankaraligil, BetulThe construction and building sectors are responsible for a large part of the consumption of energy and natural resources. The concept of the circular economy, a closed-loop system that uses waste as a resource, can be used as a strategy to mitigate this consumption by preserving and reusing historic buildings rather than demolishing and rebuilding them. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of the application of the circular economy to existing buildings and their preservation is conducted by examining the extensive literature on the circular economy approach and field studies to define and determine the degree of circular economy and contribution to environmental benefits. The study showed the importance of restoration, continuous use, rehabilitation, and renovation of historic buildings. It also showed that the most important parameter that determines the proximity to the circular economy is a constant use that adapts over time. In addition, the use of the building and its old traditional systems in multiple functions and by different users also increases and promotes the circular economy. The conclusions also highlight the need for concrete assessment parameters and appropriate indicators of the degree of circular economy in historic buildings, so that it might be possible to learn from these structures for contemporary buildings.Öğe A Comparative Research on Space of Women in Prayer Place Interiors of Celestial Religions: Cases from Istanbul(Gazi Univ, 2020) Disli, Gulsen; Ozcan, ZuhalCross-cultural comparison has been used in architecture mostly to discuss the components of culture, knowledge, and value systems, yet to date there is not a specific comparative study on gendered architecture in prayer places of celestial religions, namely Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Hence, this study aims to reveal how attendance of women in prayer places with different national, historic, religious, and cultural characteristics shaped architectural space organization and to assess potential similarities and differences of women's section in prayer spaces of celestial religions by examining literature survey, archival and historic research, including field observations. In addition to general observations in building scale, some exemplary historic synagogues, churches, and mosques in Istanbul still in use have been chosen as case studies, and their plan typologies, as well as types and locations of women's galleries/sections have been discussed. Cross-cultural comparison parameters were; development of women's section in prayer places as a structured architectural space and basic architectural terminologies used to define women's section. The major conclusion of the study is that originally women had right to worship in prayer spaces without any physical separation in all three religions, yet in time the place of women had a more defined/divided/structured character especially in Islam and Judaism. The study also indicates that while at present day, gendered architecture is still the predominant approach in Islam and in Orthodox Judaism; mix congregation in a single-unsegregated space for both sexes is more common in contemporary society of Christianity.Öğe Disaster management and preventive conservation in cultural heritage: Konya Archaeology Museum case(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Disli, Gulsen; Bacak, Fatma NurThis study focuses on the first stage of the disaster management cycle in cultural heritage, including risk preparedness and preventive conservation. The main objective is to develop a systematic approach to evaluate and investigate old museum buildings in the pre-disaster stage. Konya Archaeology Museum was chosen as a case study to test the applicability of this systematic approach, mainly the RE-ORG model and Visual Pre-assessment Method: UNI EN 16096 (2012. Standard for Condition Survey and Report of Built Cultural Heritage. https://www.en-standard.eu/csn-en-16096-conservation-of-cultural-property-condi tion-survey-and-report-of-built-cultural-heritage) was used to develop preventive conservation measures against the risks before they turned into damage. Thus, the magnitude of risks was determined and their prioritization was done for building and components.Öğe FUNCTIONAL SYSTEMS IN HISTORIC HOUSES; A HISTORIC HOUSE CASE IN KONYA - ILGIN(Ege Univ, 2019) Disli, Gulsen; Orhan, S. Busra; Duysak, AynurProviding the sustainability of historic buildings is an important activity in order to preserve their cultural values and maintain the flow of information for the future generations. Functional systems including heating, cooling, illumination, ventilation, roof drainage and waste and clean water systems are the important primary components for the provision of necessary comfort requirements and sustainability of historic buildings. There are scholarly research on functional systems in historic buildings. Yet, there are limited studies analyzing all those systems systematically particularly on traditional houses. Hence, in the context of this research, firstly, functional systems in traditional Turkish houses have been examined. In the light of those overall data obtained, an officially registered traditional house, preserving its originality to a great extent located in Konya, Ilgin, block number 159, and parcel number 5, has been chosen as a case study and evaluated in terms of its functional systems. Field works, archive and literature survey have been the primary methods applied during the research. Aim of this study is to investigate functional systems in traditional houses by means of an original case study and determine their protection status. The research showed that, in case study house, there were modifications in its functional systems in order to adjust to contemporary comfort requirements, and its original systems were mostly out of use. Increasing the recognition of functional systems in traditional Turkish house via a case study building is important in order to maintain, sustain and preserve those systems in their original form and function and adjust suitably to contemporary comfort conditions.Öğe HISTORIC PRESERVATION IN TURKEY AND THE UNITED STATES: A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON(Univ Zagreb Fac Architecture, 2022) Disli, GulsenThe research examines and compares the various roles of governmental and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in Turkey and the United States, aiming to assess how they shaped the preservation field and their potential knowledge transfer values. The study was conducted in governmental archives, official websites of related organizations and through oral communication and literature surveys related to preservation foundations, NGOs, and waqfs in both countries - with different national, historic, religious, and cultural characteristics. The parameters used as cross-cultural comparison included primary actors and main legislations in preservation both in history and at present. The research has revealed that the waqf system in Turkey has a deep-rooted historic, religious, and socio-cultural context, and differs from the preservation foundations in the USA in many respects. Yet, the foundations established in and after the 20th century in Turkey and the preservation activities of foundations in both countries also share similar motives, stimuli, and objectives to preserve both natural/cultural heritage and cross-cultural comparisons suggest that they may learn from each other by knowledge transfer.Öğe AN OVERVIEW OF TRADITIONAL HEATING, VENTILATION, AND ILLUMINATION TECHNOLOGIES IN HISTORIC BATHS AND THEIR CONTEMPORARY INSPIRATIONS(College Publishing, 2023) Disli, Gulsen; Atan, IsmailPassive heating, lighting, and ventilation techniques in historic buildings and their sustainability in conjunction with new designs are essential to maintaining a greener, ecological environment. This article describes a framework for identifying and dis-closing the passive survival strategies and resulting solutions applied to historic baths in Anatolia. The aim is to first increase knowledge and awareness of ancient systems and to discuss and examine their contemporary inspirations and considerations of existing and new construction technologies. A total of four baths from the Roman, Byzantine, Principalities and Ottoman periods in Anatolia were selected. Their original heating, lighting, and ventilation systems were determined largely through on-site observations, literature review, and archival sources. The results indicate that in today's modern residential, industrial or commercial buildings, reflections of these ancient technologies and traditional concepts can be observed as the main source of inspiration. They can be seen either in the form of light pipes, underfloor heating systems, or a double-skin facade. The old technologies and solutions of historic baths are mostly sustainable and ecological. Looking back at these historic technologies can inspire further ecological design developments and symbiotic implementation possibilities in new building designs.Öğe Risk management and preventive conservation of historic buildings: The case of Karatay Madrasah (Museum)(Elsevier, 2022) Bahtiyar, Tuba Bulbul; Disli, GulsenThe aim of this research was to first evaluate possible risks and vulnerabilities of historic buildings using various methods and databases, and then to propose risk treatment and prevention measures before the risks turned into damage. The Karatay Madrasah was selected as a case study to develop a set of decision-making scenarios for preventive conservation and risk management to ensure the sustainability of the building and its values. The methodology uses a score level rating system based on the level of risk, degree of vulnerability, and the probability of occurrence of risks to evaluate the overall risk level of the building, as well as the Method of Reorganization of the Museum Storages (RE-ORG) to evaluate the museum depot. ISO 31000 (2018) and the European Union standard (UNI EN 16096) were also used for the risk assessment, risk scenario including prioritization, urgency, and type of intervention. Potential hazards and risks were identified based on field observations, literature, archival surveys, oral interviews, and the use of national and international databases. The level of risk, condition class, cultural significance, and the urgency of intervention were identified, and recommendations were made for the maintenance of the Karatay Madrasah. The results showed that the building needs a RE-ORG project in various aspects and despite its new restoration; it still has problems that should be solved in the short term. The risk management and preventive conservation proposals are important to ensure the sustainability of the building and to serve as a model for similar historic buildings.Öğe Sustainable and traditional technologies in Kutahya historic houses and their contribution to circularity: the case of Lajos Kossuth house(Univ Politecnica Valencia, Editorial Upv, 2021) Ankaraligil, Betul; Disli, GulsenIt is important to preserve historic buildings in their original conditions, not only to protect building integrity but also to sustain Traditional Knowledge Systems. As stated by ICCROM, those Traditional Knowledge Systems play an important role in the conservation and management of heritage. Among them, building service systems including heating, cooling, ventilation, lighting, drainage, and their architectural construction technology help sustain heritage buildings and extend their life cycle with a minimum level of energy demand. Passive survivability means also contribute to comfort conditions, opening new scenarios for the designing of contemporary buildings. Hence, in this research, first, traditional Kutahya houses were examined in terms of their construction, technology, and architecture. Then, among them, Lajos Kossuth House, dating from the 18th century, has been chosen as an example to investigate its traditional building service systems in more detail from the point of circularity in construction, their contribution to circular economy, Cradle to Cradle (C2C) strategies, and design for adaptability principles (DfA). It is observed that they are mostly in a well-preserved condition in terms of both function and character-defining features. However, after 1982, during its refurbishment work to be used as a museum, some of its original details, especially the ones related to waste and clean water were destroyed. To be able to sustain and protect the rest of the original service systems and related architectural construction details in this case study building, they should first be documented, well defined and their recognition should be increased to serve as a model for the maintenance of similar building systems. In addition, it might be possible to transfer the knowledge of those passive survivability means and circular construction principles to contemporary buildings.
