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    Antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine-cetrimide combination, Salvia officinalis plant extract and octenidine in comparison with conventional endodontic irrigants
    (Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2016) Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi
    The aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), a CHX/cetrimide solution (CHX+CTR), octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) and Salvia officinalis plant extract against Enterococcus faecalis. Seventy decoronated single -rooted human teeth were infected and divided into 6 test (n,=10) and 2 control groups (n=5) (negative, sterile samples and positive, infected samples). Following irrigants were then applied to test groups: 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX, CHX+CTR, S. officinalis extract and OCT. The dentin chips were obtained from inner root canal walls and analyzed by counting the number of colony forming units (CFU). The 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX and OCT groups presented no bacterial growth (CFU=0). S. officinalis and CHX+CTR groups reduced the number of E. faecalis cells but could not eliminate all. OCT may have potential as an endodontic irrigant in treatment of infected root canals.
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    Effect of intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine in comparison with Bioaggregate apical plugs
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Akman, Melek; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi
    To evaluate the effect of intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine in comparison with DiaRoot BioAggregate (BA) when used as apical plugs. Forty single-rooted teeth were prepared using Peeso reamers. The samples were divided into four groups. The intracanal medicaments were applied to the root canals as follows: Group1: a combination of metronidazole-ciprofloxacin-cefaclor, Group2: a combination of metronidazole-ciprofloxacin, Group3: calcium hydroxide, and Group4: no medication. After 21 days, the medicaments were removed. The apical part of each root was horizontally sectioned into 1-mm thick slices. The samples were divided into two subgroups, and the following materials were placed: Biodentine, DiaRoot-BioAggregate. After 48-h incubation, the push-out bond strength was measured. The data were analyzed by a two-way ANOVA. Biodentine showed a significantly higher mean push-out bond strength value than DiaRoot-BioAggregate (P=0.00). The medications have an effect on the push-out bond strength of both materials (P=0.002). Biodentine showed better adhesive performance as an apical plug than DiaRoot-BioAggregate.
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    Effects of Novel Root Repair Materials on Attachment and Morphological Behaviour of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts: Scanning Electron Microscopy Observation
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Arpaci, Pembegul Uyar; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesion of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLs) on newly proposed root repair materials [Biodentine, MM-MTA, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, and SDR], in comparison with contemporary root repair materials [IRM, Dyract compomer, ProRoot MTA (PMTA), and Vitrebond]. Five discs from each material were fabricated in sterile Teflon molds, and the specimens were aged and prewetted in cell culture media for 96 hours. Three material discs were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the assessment of the attachment, density, and morphological changes in the PDLs, while two samples were used for energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to determine the elemental composition of the materials. Human PDLs were plated onto the materials at a density of 10,000/well, and incubated for 3 days. The SEM micrographs were taken at different magnifications (5003 and 50003). In the SEM, the cells were attached and well spread-out on the surfaces of the Biodentine, PMTA, and Dyract compomer, while varied cell densities and morphological alterations were observed in the Vitrebond, IRM, MM-MTA, SDR, and PMMA bone cement groups. The SEM-EDX analysis revealed a maximum calcium percentage in the PMTA specimens, as well a maximum silicon percentage in the Dyract compomer specimens. This in vitro study demonstrated that the Biodentine and Dyract compomer supported PDL cell adhesion and spreading. The PMTA presented a favorable scaffold for better attachment of the PDL cell aggregates. Therefore, the calcium and silicon content of a material may enhance the PDL cell attachment.
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    Fracture resistance of roots obturated with a novel calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer (BioRoot RCS)
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Akman, Melek; Kolcu, Inci Baser; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi
    The aim of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the vertical-fracture resistance of roots obturated with a newly developed tricalcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS; Septodont, Saint Maur Des Fosses, France) using cold lateral compaction technique (LC) or matched-taper single-cone gutta-percha technique (SC). Decoronated 82 single-rooted mandibular premolars were chemo-mechanically prepared and then randomly divided into 6 experimental groups (n = 12) and 2 control groups (n = 5): Group 1 iRoot SP-LC; Group 2 iRoot SP-SC; Group 3 MTA Fillapex-LC; Group 4 MTA Fillapex-SC; Group 5 BioRoot RCS-LC and Group 6 BioRoot RCS-SC. In the positive-control group, roots were instrumented but not filled, and in the negative-control group, roots were neither instrumented nor filled. All samples were incubated for two weeks and then subjected to vertical loading force (1 mm/min) until fracture. The force required to fracture each specimen were determined, and the data were statistically analyzed. The highest significant fracture resistance was recorded for the iRoot SP-LC, iRoot SP-SC, BioRoot RCS-LC, and BioRoot RCS-SC groups, with no significant difference among them (p > 0.05) when compared with the positive-control group (p < 0.05), whereas the lowest significant values were observed in the MTA Fillapex-LC and MTA Fillapex-SC groups (p < 0.05). The vertical fracture resistance of roots obturated with BioRoot RCS and iRoot SP sealers using either LC or SC technique was found to be similar to that of intact teeth. BioRoot RCS, newly developed tricalcium silicate cement, might have the potential to reinforce the instrumented teeth against vertical root fracture.
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    Push-out bond strength of a new post system after various post space treatments
    (Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2016) Akman, Melek; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi; Ince, Selen; Guneser, Mehmet Burak
    To assess the effect of post-space treatment with chelating agents on the push-out bond-strength of a glass fiber post-system. Fortyeight human teeth were decoronated. The roots were prepared to size 40 and obturated. The post-spaces were prepared with PeesoReamer drills. The post-spaces were irrigated with (i) NaOCl and EDTA with chlorhexidine (QMix), NaOCl and EDTA, NaOCl and Citric acid, (iv) NaOCl and saline as a control group. i-TFC glass fiber posts were then luted with i-TFC bond system. The samples were horizontally sectioned. The displacement resistance was measured. Push-out bond-strength (MPa) was calculated. Data were analyzed. NaOCl/QMix group showed highest values to dentine whereas NaOCl/Citric acid group showed lowest values. i-TFC post-system demonstrated equal bond strength values when post-space treated with either NaOCl/EDTA or NaOCl/Saline. It can be concluded that post-space could be treated with NaOCl and QMix in order to increase adhesion of i-TFC post-system to root dentine.
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    Tooth discoloration effects of calcium silicate based barrier materials used in revascularization and treatment with internal bleaching
    (Elsevier Taiwan, 2017) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Terlemez, Arslan; Akman, Melek; Buyukerkmen, Begum; Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Eldeniz, Ayce Unverdi
    Background/purpose: Usage of barrier materials is an important step in revascularization procedure. One of the undesired properties of these barrier materials is to cause coronal tooth discoloration. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the tooth discoloration induced by ProRoot MTA (PMTA), Biodentine, and MM-MTA, as well as the efficacy of internal bleaching on this discoloration. Materials and methods: Forty-two maxillary incisor teeth were prepared. Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) was placed in the root canals and incubated for 3 weeks. After removing the TAP, blood embedded spongostans were inserted into the root canals, and PMTA, Biodentine, or MM-MTA was placed over them. The teeth were incubated for 4 weeks at 37 degrees C; then, the internal bleaching agent was sealed for one week. The tooth color was measured throughout the study and the color change values (Delta E) of each specimen were calculated, and the data was statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 tests. Results: The TAP significantly decreased the luminosity of the teeth (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were observed between the tooth discolorations induced by the PMTA, Biodentine, and MM-MTA (p > 0.05). The teeth in the Biodentine group were more whitened than those of the PMTA and MM-MTA groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although the PMTA, Biodentine, and MM-MTA caused similar color alterations in the teeth, more bleaching was observed on those teeth discolored using TAP + blood + Biodentine. (C) 2017 Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.