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    DETERMINATION OF IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS FROM IN VITRO PROPAGATED Ceratophyllum demersum L.
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Karatas, Mehmet; Dogan, Muhammet; Emsen, Bugrahan; Aasim, Muhammad
    The study presents multiple shoot regeneration of Ceratophyllum demersum L. from shoot tip meristem explants culturing on liquid MS medium 0.05-0.40 mg/L Kinetin (KIN). Thereafter, free radical scavenging activities with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) of aqueous and methanol extracts of C. demersum were also investigated. The highest number of shoots per explants (74.53) and the highest shoot length (4.93 cm) were obtained on MS medium containing 0.20 mg/L Kinetin. Extracts from C. demersum were effective in the following order: water > methanol. DPPH scavenging activities of treatments with maximum concentration (10 mg/ml) of water and methanol extracts were 68.91 and 51.22%, respectively. It was shown that there was high positive correlation between DPPH scavenging activity and concentration for both extracts. At the same time, IC50 values of water and methanol extracts showed aqueous as most effective extract with 3.689 mg/ml.
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    IN VITRO CYTOTOXICITY, ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS FROM SCHIZOPHYLLUM COMMUNE FR.
    (Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2017) Emsen, Bugrahan; Kocabas, Aytac; Kaya, Abdullah; Cinar, Seval; Aasim, Muhammad; Sadi, Gokhan
    Mushrooms have become attractive materials as a source of physiologically valuable bioactive compounds recently. This study was designed to investigate antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of Schizophyllum commune Fr. which is highly distributed worldwide. Five different extracts of S. commune were obtained with different solvent systems. Their antioxidant potentials were determined by measuring bioactive components (beta-carotene, flavonoids, lycopene and total phenols) in conjunction with radical scavenging and metal chelating activities as well as its reducing powers. Antibacterial activities of aqueous and methanol extract were observed on Bacillus subtilis (Ehrenberg) Cohn and Agrobacterium tumefaciens Smith & Townsend. In vitro cytotoxic effects of the extracts against liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines after 48 and 72 h incubation were tested. It was found that acetone extract of S. commune had maximum amount of beta-carotene (22.69 mu g/mg), phenolic (27.66 mu g/mg) and lycopene (8.73 mu g/mg) content and n-hexane extract had maximum amount of flavonoid (3.48 mu g/mg). According to IC50 values, the chloroform extract of S. commune showed the highest DPPH capturing (7.652 mg/ml) and metal chelating (6.590 mg/ml) activities. Furthermore, acetone and n-hexane extracts exerted substantial in vitro cytotoxic effects against liver hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell lines after 72 h incubation with IC50 value of 0.825 and 0.316 mg/ml respectively. Results of this study showed that different extracts of investigated mushroom have considerable cytotoxic and antioxidant properties and may be utilized as a promising source of therapeutics.