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    A Dog Related Demodex spp. Infestation in a Student: A Rare Demodex Case
    (Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2018) Esenkaya Tasbent, Fatma; Dik, Bilal
    Demodicosis is an ectoparasitic cutaneous infestation of pilosebaceous unit caused by Demodex mites. Demodex spp. are considered to be pathogenic when they increase in number and infect dermis.They can be the cause of diseases such as pityriasis folliculorum, papulopustular rosacea, granulomatous rosacea, inflammatory papule, acne vulgaris, perioral dermatitis, blepharitis and folliculitis. These mites can be found in most mammals including human. Canine and feline demodicosis is a well-known example of severe dermatitis caused by the proliferation of Demodex mites. Dogs are one of the most popular pets worldwide with well-being feeling to their owners. However, they may cause a health risk to humans due to their zoonotic diseases potential. Demodicosis is a severe and prevalent dermatologic disease in dogs. In this case report, a Demodex case thought to be related with a dog infestation was presented. A twenty-year-old girl student who feeds a Miniature Pinscher crossbred dog in her house for a while noticed common itchy papulopustular lesions, incrustation and some alopecic loci in her dog and admitted to Selcuk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Parasitology. Itchy papules and pustules were also observed in dog's owner face and arm about three or four weeks later. Skin scrapings and hair samples were taken from the patient and the dog and examined with light microscope. Adult and egg forms of Demodex spp. were detected in both patient and dog specimens in microscopic examination. Ivermectin treatment was recommended as 0.2 mg/kg for the dog. The owner of the dog was sent to a dermatology clinic and topical permethrin was recommended for the treatment. At the end of the first month the dog was controlled again, a whole clinical and microscopic improvement was observed and all of the lesions were disappeared for both the dog and its owner. This demodicosis case, thought to originate from a dog, is a rare condition because of Demodex mites are known to be highly host specific and not a zoonotic parasite. Although host specific cross infections between humans and animals have been rarely reported, D. canis was determined to be more transmissible across species than the other Demodex mites as indicated in the literature. As a result, it is necessary and important to keep in mind about Demodex spp. infestation in patients with skin complaints and pet feeding.
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    Hepatitis C Genotypes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Three-Year Evaluation
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2020) Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Esenkaya Tasbent, Fatma; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Feyzioglu, Bahadir
    Introduction: In case of chronic hepatitis C infection, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma may progress. HCV genotypes and subtypes have been found to vary according to geographical regions. In addition to its epidemiological importance, HCV genotype is an important factor in determining the response and duration of treatment. In this study, it was aimed to determine the genotype distribution in our region. Materials and Methods: The results of 241 patients with HCV RNA positivity detected in our laboratory Molecular unit between 2016 and 2018 were retrospectively screened. HCV-RNA extraction for genotyping was performed by automated system (EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v.2.0, Germany), and line probe assay (LIPA) based on reverse hybridization method was applied. HCV-RNA levels were determined by real-time PCR method (Artus HCV QS-RGQ kit, Qiagen, Germany). Results: Two hundred and forty-one patients were included in the study, and 116 (48%) were females and 125 (52%) were males. Mean age was 56.1 +/- 19.4 (range: 16-90) years. Mean logarithmic viral load value was 5.7 +/- 0.9 IU/ml (range; 2.71 x 10(2)-17 x 10(6)), mean value of AST was 50.5 +/- 43.7 IU/ml and mean ALT value was 63.4 +/- 63.5 IU/ml. Genotype 1b was detected in 58.9% of the patients, genotype 3a in 14.1%, genotype 1a in 13.27%, genotype 2b in 4.1%, genotype 4a in 1.2%. The subtypes could not be determined for 4.9%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 0.4% of infected patient in genotype 1,2,4 and 5 respectively. Conclusion: In our study, genotype 1b (58.9%) was found as the dominant genotype. This was followed by genotype 3a (14.1%). In patients infected with genotype 1, viral load value was found to be significantly higher than other genotypes. Monitoring genotype change is important for determining treatment protocols and duration.
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    The Presence of OXA Type Carbapenemases in Pseudomonas Strains: First Report from Turkey
    (Ankara Microbiology Soc, 2015) Esenkaya Tasbent, Fatma; Ozdemir, Mehmet
    Pseudomonas spp. that are one of the important nosocomial pathogens worldwide, and carbapenem resistance is observed in an increasing rate. Major factors leading to carbapenem resistance are metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) and carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases. MBLs are frequently prevalent in Pseudomonas spp., while carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D oxacillinases has been almost exclusively found in multidrug and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of OXA-23, OXA-40 and OXA-58 genes that encode carbapenemases, in carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. strains. A total of 184 imipenem and/or meropenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. strains isolated from different clinical samples (85 bronchoalveolar lavage, 31 wound, 18 tracheal aspirate, 16 urine, 14 blood, 10 sputum, 3 catheter, 3 throat, 2 drainage fluid, 1 abscess, 1 peritoneal fluid) in Medical Microbiology Laboratory of Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Faculty of Medicine, between November 2011 to October 2013, were included in the study. The isolates were identified by conventional methods and an automated system (VITEK-2 Compact, bioMerieux, France), while the antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed with Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method and automated system according to the recommendations of CLSI. The presence of OXA-23, OXA-40 and OXA-58 genes in strains were investigated by a commercial PCR kit (Hyplex CarbOxa ID; Amp lex Diagnostics GmbH, Germany). Molecular studies were carried out in three steps, namely extraction of genomic DNA; multiplex PCR amplification and hybridization. In the final step, hybridization was achieved in the ELISA-based system. In our study, 12 (6.5%) out of 184 carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. strains were positive for OXA-23, 1 (0.54%) for OXA-40 and 1 (0.54%) for OXA-58, with a total positive rate of 7.6% (n= 14). Most of the carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. strains (129/184; 70%) were isolated from the samples of patients in intensive-care units, and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were the most prevalent samples (85/184; 46.2%). This study determined the presence and frequency of OXA type carbapenemases among Pseudomonas strains for the first time in our region and Turkey. These resistance genes demonstrated in Acinetobacter spp. were also detected in this study in Pseudomonas spp. and they may cause carbapenem resistance directly or by affecting the other resistance mechanisms with a synergistic effect. This study is expected to provide a basis for further studies to elucidate resistance mechanisms.