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Öğe Comparison of Resin Cement's Different Thicknesses and Poisson's Ratios on the Stress Distribution of Class II Amalgam Restoration Using Finite Element Analysis(Mdpi, 2023) Gonder, Hakan Yasin; Fidancioglu, Yasemin Derya; Fidan, Muhammet; Mohammadi, Reza; Karabekiroglu, SaidUsing a three-dimensional finite element analysis, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different cements' thicknesses and Poisson's ratios on the stress distribution in enamel, dentin, restoration, and resin cement in a computer-aided design of a class II disto-occlusal cavity. Dental tomography was used to scan the maxillary first molar, creating a three-dimensional tooth model. A cavity was created with a 95 degree cavity edge angle. Resin cement with varying Poisson's ratios (V1: 0.35 and V2: 0.24) was used under the amalgam. The simulated groups' thicknesses ranged from 50 mu m to 150 mu m. A load of 600 N was applied to the chewing area. The finite element method was used to assess the stress distribution in the enamel, dentin, restorations, and resin cement. The stress in the restoration increased with the use of a 100 mu m resin cement thickness and decreased with the use of a 150 mu m resin cement thickness. For the V1 and V2 groups, the cement thickness with the maximum stress value for the enamel and dentin was 150 mu m, while the cement thickness with the lowest stress value was 50 mu m. The greatest stress values for V1 and V2 were obtained at a 150 mu m cement thickness, while the lowest stress values were observed at a 100 mu m cement thickness. Using resin cement with a low Poisson's ratio under amalgam may reduce stress on enamel and restorations.Öğe Effect of Polishing Systems on the Color and Surface Properties of Resin Composites in the Process of Accelerated Artificial Aging(Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2022) Fidan, Muhammet; Dereli, ZeynepObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of polishing system on the color stability, surface roughness, and hardness of resin composites in the presence and absence of accelerated artificial aging (AAA).Methods: Six resin composites (Universal Restorative 200, G-Aenial Anterior, Ceram-X Duo, Admira, IPS Empress Direct, Clearfil Majesty Esthetic) were evaluated. Thirty disc-shaped samples were prepared for each composite group. Resin composite groups were divided into three subgroups: control (Mylar strip), disc (Optidisc), and rubber (Dimanto) (n=10). Color change (Delta E00) was calculated using the CIEDE 2000 formula. Before and after AAA, the surface roughness (Ra, mu m) and hardness (VHN) values were measured. Data were analysed using ANOVA, the Bonferroni test, and Pearson correlation (p<0.05). Results: The Mylar strip group showed less color change than the polished groups. Universal Restorative 200 and IPS Empress Direct were associated with less discoloration than other resin composite groups. Before AAA, Mylar strips and Universal Restorative 200 were exhibited smoother values. There was no difference in the surface roughness between Dimanto-treated resin composites those associated with other materials before and after AAA (except Ceram-X Duo and Universal Restorative 200). Universal Restorative 200 yielded higher hardness values than other composites (p<0.05). The Mylar strips yielded lower VHN values than the polished groups, but there were no differences among the polishing systems. There was a significant, weak, and positive correlation between color and roughness change.Conclusion: Composite type, finishing/polishing, and AAA had statistically significant effect on surface roughness and hardness. The Optidisc group exhibited less coloration and smoother surfaces than the Dimanto group. Nanohybrid (IPS Empress Direct) and microhybrid (Universal Restorative 200) resin composites performed better than other resins in terms of color change and roughness. Polishing systems applied to resin composite materials increased hardness.Öğe Effect of whitening mouthrinses on color change, whiteness change, surface roughness, and hardness of stained resin composites(Mosher & Linder, Inc, 2023) Fidan, Muhammet; Tuncdemir, Makbule TugbaPurpose: To evaluate the effect of whitening mouthrinses on the color change, whiteness change, surface roughness, and hardness of stained resin composites after different immersion times. Methods: Three different resin composites (Estelite Sigma Quick, G-Aenial Anterior, Omnichroma) were used to prepare a total of 90 samples (30 samples from each resin composite). The samples were kept in coffee for 12 days, then divided into three subgroups (Control, Crest 3D White, and Listerine Advanced White; n=10 each). Color change (Delta E-00) and whiteness change (Delta WID) were evaluated at time intervals of 0-24 hours (TO-T1), 0-72 hours (TO-T2), and 24-72 hours (T1-T2). Surface roughness and hardness values were evaluated at TO, T1, and T2 after immersion in mouthrinses. Two-way ANOVA (for color and whiteness changes) and generalized linear model (for surface roughness and hardness) were used for data analyses (P< 0.05). Results: Omnichroma had the highest value for color change with Crest 3D White during TO-T1 and TO-T2. Crest 3D White showed better color changes than Listerine Advanced White. In all composites and mouthrinse groups, the highest and lowest values of Delta WID were at TO-T2 and T1-T2, respectively, with the highest value for Omnichroma with Crest 3D White at TO-T2 and the lowest for G-Aenial Anterior with control groups at T1-T2. The highest roughness values were found with the Omnichroma at T2. Whitening mouthrinses significantly increased roughness and decreased hardness compared to baseline.Öğe Evaluation of the Effect of Two Polishing Techniques and Thermocycling Process on Surface Roughness, Hardness, and Color Stability of Composites(Univ Indonesia, Fac Dentistry, 2022) Fidan, Muhammet; Dereli, ZeynepObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two polishing techniques and 10.000 thermocycles on the color stability. surface roughness, and hardness of two nanohybrid (Tetric N-Ceram, Escom100) and one bulk-fill (Filtek) resin composites. Methods: A total of 60 specimens were prepared using three resin composites and 20 discs from each composite. Specimens for each composite were randomly divided into two different polishing groups (Optrapol rubber and Sof-Lex discs) (n=10). Surface roughness (Ra, mu m) microhaniness (VHN), and color change (Delta E00) values were measured pre- and post-thermocycling. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of independent variables. Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparisons (p<0.05). Results: Escom100 with Sof-Lex found the highest mean Delta E00 and Filtek bulk-fill composite with Optrapol found the lowest mean Delta E00. Escom100 with Sof-Lex exhibited the lowest Ra values in all groups. Sof-Lex discs exhibited smoother surfaces than Optrapol in all groups.. Among the polishing groups, Optrapols' VHN values were higher than Sof-Lex's (p<0.05). Conclusions: Filtek bulk-fill with Optrapol in terms of color change and microhardness; Escom100 (nanohybrid) with Sof-Lex in terms of smoothness, can be recommended for clinical use. After thermocycling, surface roughness values increased and surface hardness values decreased in all composite resins.Öğe Evaluation of the Effect of Two Polishing Techniques and Thermocycling Process on Surface Roughness, Hardness, and Color Stability of Composites(Univ Indonesia, Fac Dentistry, 2022) Fidan, Muhammet; Dereli, ZeynepObjective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two polishing techniques and 10.000 thermocycles on the color stability. surface roughness, and hardness of two nanohybrid (Tetric N-Ceram, Escom100) and one bulk-fill (Filtek) resin composites. Methods: A total of 60 specimens were prepared using three resin composites and 20 discs from each composite. Specimens for each composite were randomly divided into two different polishing groups (Optrapol rubber and Sof-Lex discs) (n=10). Surface roughness (Ra, mu m) microhaniness (VHN), and color change (Delta E00) values were measured pre- and post-thermocycling. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effect of independent variables. Bonferroni test was used for multiple comparisons (p<0.05). Results: Escom100 with Sof-Lex found the highest mean Delta E00 and Filtek bulk-fill composite with Optrapol found the lowest mean Delta E00. Escom100 with Sof-Lex exhibited the lowest Ra values in all groups. Sof-Lex discs exhibited smoother surfaces than Optrapol in all groups.. Among the polishing groups, Optrapols' VHN values were higher than Sof-Lex's (p<0.05). Conclusions: Filtek bulk-fill with Optrapol in terms of color change and microhardness; Escom100 (nanohybrid) with Sof-Lex in terms of smoothness, can be recommended for clinical use. After thermocycling, surface roughness values increased and surface hardness values decreased in all composite resins.