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    Comparison of Resin Cement's Different Thicknesses and Poisson's Ratios on the Stress Distribution of Class II Amalgam Restoration Using Finite Element Analysis
    (Mdpi, 2023) Gonder, Hakan Yasin; Fidancioglu, Yasemin Derya; Fidan, Muhammet; Mohammadi, Reza; Karabekiroglu, Said
    Using a three-dimensional finite element analysis, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of different cements' thicknesses and Poisson's ratios on the stress distribution in enamel, dentin, restoration, and resin cement in a computer-aided design of a class II disto-occlusal cavity. Dental tomography was used to scan the maxillary first molar, creating a three-dimensional tooth model. A cavity was created with a 95 degree cavity edge angle. Resin cement with varying Poisson's ratios (V1: 0.35 and V2: 0.24) was used under the amalgam. The simulated groups' thicknesses ranged from 50 mu m to 150 mu m. A load of 600 N was applied to the chewing area. The finite element method was used to assess the stress distribution in the enamel, dentin, restorations, and resin cement. The stress in the restoration increased with the use of a 100 mu m resin cement thickness and decreased with the use of a 150 mu m resin cement thickness. For the V1 and V2 groups, the cement thickness with the maximum stress value for the enamel and dentin was 150 mu m, while the cement thickness with the lowest stress value was 50 mu m. The greatest stress values for V1 and V2 were obtained at a 150 mu m cement thickness, while the lowest stress values were observed at a 100 mu m cement thickness. Using resin cement with a low Poisson's ratio under amalgam may reduce stress on enamel and restorations.
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    Teeth Restored with Bulk-Fill Composites and Conventional Resin Composites; Investigation of Stress Distribution and Fracture Lifespan on Enamel, Dentin, and Restorative Materials via Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis
    (Mdpi, 2023) Gonder, Hakan Yasin; Mohammadi, Reza; Harmankaya, Abdulkadir; Yuksel, Ibrahim Burak; Fidancioglu, Yasemin Derya; Karabekiroglu, Said
    Objectives: the aim of this study was to examine the stress distribution of enamel, dentin, and restorative materials in sound first molar teeth with restored cavities with conventional resin composites and bulk-fill composites, as well as to determine their fracture lifetimes by using the three-dimensional finite element stress analysis method. Materials and Methods: an extracted sound number 26 tooth was scanned with a dental tomography device and recorded. Images were obtained as dicom files, and these files were transferred to the Mimics 12.00 program. In this program, different masks were created for each tooth tissue, and the density thresholds were adjusted manually to create a three-dimensional image of the tooth, and these were converted to a STL file. The obtained STL files were transferred to the Geomagic Design X program, and some necessary adjustments, such as smoothing, were made, and STP files were created. Cavity preparation and adhesive material layers were created by transferring STP files to the Solidworks program. Finally, a FE model was created in the ABAQUS program, and stress distributions were analyzed. Results: when the bulk-fill composite and conventional resin composite materials were used in the restoration of the cavity, the structures that were exposed to the most stress as a result of occlusal forces on the tooth were enamel, dentin, restorative material, and adhesive material. When the bulk-fill composite material was used in restoration, while the restorative material had the longest fracture life as a result of stresses, the enamel tissue had the shortest fracture life. When the conventional resin composite material was used as the restorative material, it had the longest fracture life, followed by dentin and enamel. Conclusion: when the bulk-fill composite material was used instead of the conventional resin composite material in the cavity, the stress values on enamel, dentin, and adhesive material increased as a result of occlusal forces, while the amount of stress on the restorative material decreased. In the fracture analysis, when the bulk-fill composite material was used instead of the conventional resin composite material, a decrease in the number of cycles required for the fracture of enamel, dentin, and restorative materials was observed as a result of the forces generated in the oral cavity.