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Öğe THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT AND WESTERN DIET ON THE TRACE ELEMENT STATUS AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN RATS(Nobel Ilac, 2020) Can, Ummugulsum; Yerlikaya, Fatma Humeyra; Oz, Mehmet; Atalik, Kismet Esra Nurullahoglu; Gergerlioglu, Hasan SerdarObjective:The Western diet (WD), which is rich in highfat diet (HFD) and high-sucrose diet (HSD), is related to oxidative stress. Enriched environment (EE) with social interaction, physical exercise and continuous learning tasks has been shown to reduce oxidative stress, the inflammatory response, and increase the anti-oxidative defense. Therefore, the present study has aimed to clarify the effects of the EE and WD-fed rats on marker malondialdehyde (MDA) and trace element (TE) levels (iron [Fe], copper [Cu], zinc [Zn], chromium [Cr], selenium [Se], magnesium [Mg] and molybdenum [Mo]). Material and Method: Male Wistar albino rats were housed in either an enrichment (n=24) or standard environment (n=24) and fed with HFD (35% of energy as fat) (n=8), HSD (100% of carbohydrate as sucrose) (n=8), or standard rat chow(n=8), for 4 weeks. Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for determination of the serum TE levels. Results: The serum levels of MDA (p<0.05), Fe, Cu, Mo and Mg increased, while the serum levels of Cr and Se decreased, and additionally, the serum levels of Zn did not changed in the HFD and HSD groups. EE decreased partially the serum levels of MDA, Fe, Mo, and did not affect the serum levels of Cu, while it increased the serum levels of Mg, Cr, Se and Zn; however, there was no significant difference between all of the experimental groups (all; p>0.05). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that HFD and HSD led to oxidative stress and adversely affected the serum level of TE in rats, and that the EE reversed partially this status.Öğe Effects of Cisplatin and Curcumin on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Oz, Mehmet; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Gergerlioglu, Hasan Serdar; Atalik, Kismet Esra Nurullahoglu; Yerlikaya, Fatma Humeyra[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Effects of the Environmental Enrichment on Learning and Memory in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Oz, Mehmet; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Gergerlioglu, Hasan Serdar; Atalik, Kismet Esra Nurullahoglu; Yerlikaya, Fatma Humeyra[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Environmental enrichment reverses cognitive impairments provoked by Western diet in rats: Role of corticosteroid receptors(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2016) Gergerlioglu, Hasan Serdar; Oz, Mehmet; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Nurullahoglu-Atalik, Kismet Esra; Yerlikaya, Fatma HumeyraAims: Previous studies demonstrated that the Western diet (WD), which is rich in saturated fat (HFD) and refined sugar (HSU), is related to the impairments of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory and forebrain synaptic plasticity in rodents. The environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to enhance learning and memory in theHFD-induced cognitive deficits, but the exact mechanismis still not clearly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the effects of the EE on spatial memory in WD-fed rats, and to analyze the potential role of corticosteroid receptors in the EE conditioning. Main methods: MaleWistar albino rats were housed in either an enriched or standard environment and fed with the HFD (35% of energy as fat), HSU (100% of carbohydrate as sucrose) or standard rat chowfor 4 weeks. Weused the Morris' water maze test (MWM) to assess the learning and memory performance, and measured plasma levels of corticosterone (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), as well as glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) levels in the hippocampus. Key findings: The results showed that HFD-fed rats displayed poorer learning and memory performance evaluated with MWM than controls. The EE reversed the cognitive deficits caused by the HFD. In addition, the EE resulted in an increase of GR and MR levels without affecting plasma CORT and ACTH concentrations. Significance: Based on these findings, it could be suggested that the EE plays an important role in amelioration of the HFD-induced cognitive impairments, but this intervention is independent of the hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis and hippocampal corticosteroid receptor levels. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Impact of enriched environment on production of tau, amyloid precursor protein and, amyloid-? peptide in high-fat and high-sucrose-fed rats(Cambridge Univ Press, 2017) Selvi, Yavuz; Gergerlioglu, Hasan Serdar; Akbaba, Nursel; Oz, Mehmet; Kandeger, Ali; Demir, Enver Ahmet; Yerlikaya, Fatma HumeyraObjective: The Western-type diet is associated with an elevated risk of Alzheimer's disease and other milder forms of cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of the environmental enrichment on amyloid and tau pathology in high-fat and high-sucrose-fed rats. Methods: In total, 40 adult male rats were categorised into two main groups according to their housing conditions: enriched environment (EE, n = 16) and standard housing condition (n = 24). The groups were further divided into five subgroups that received standard diet, high-fat diet, and high-sucrose diet. We performed the analysis of amyloid beta-peptide (A beta) (1-40), A beta(1-42), amyloid precursor protein (APP), and tau levels in the hippocampus of rats that were maintained under standard housing conditions or exposed to an EE. Results: The EE decreased the A beta(1-40), A beta(1-42), APP, and tau levels in high-fat and high-sucrose-fed rats. Conclusion: This observation shows that EE may rescue diet-induced amyloid and tau pathology.