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Öğe Antibacterial and Smear Layer Removal Efficacy of Er:YAG Laser Irradiation by Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming in Primary Molar Root Canals: A Preliminary Study(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2018) Korkut, Emre; Torlak, Emrah; Gezgin, Onur; Ozer, Hazal; Sener, YagmurObjective: The objective of this study was to compare antibacterial and smear layer removal efficacy of the erbium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation by photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), neodymium:yttrium-aluminium-garnet (Nd:YAG), and diode lasers and conventional irrigation agent in primary molar root canals. Background: The selection, application, and activation of the irrigant are important factors affecting the success of the endodontic treatment. Materials and methods: Distal root canals of human primary mandibular molar teeth used for antimicrobial efficacy evaluation were first inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis (n=25). Smear layer removal efficacy was evaluated on the noninoculated specimens (n=20). The root canals in the first treatment groups were irrigated with a conventional technique using 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). In the laser groups, the root canals were irradiated with either Nd:YAG (1064nm) or diode lasers (940nm) followed by NaOCl irrigation agent. In the fourth groups, the NaOCl irrigation agent was activated with an Er:YAG laser (2940nm) by PIPS tip using nonablative settings. Antibacterial efficacy was determined by viable counts of E. faecalis after treatments. The treated root canals were examined by scanning electron microscopy to determine the smear layer removal efficacy of treatments. Results: Statistically significant (p<0.05) reductions in the number of E. faecalis were achieved in Nd:YAG and diode laser groups and Er:YAG laser by PIPS-activated irrigation groups compared to the NaOCl group. Er:YAG laser by PIPS-activated irrigation resulted in more cleaning of the root canal walls and a higher quantity of open tubules. Conclusions: These findings suggest that Er:YAG laser by PIPS-activated irrigation can be considered as an effective irrigant agitation technique in pediatric endodontics.Öğe Biyoaktif Rezin Modifiye Cam İyonomer Simanın Mekanik Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirilmesi(2017) Korkut, Emre; Gezgin, Onur; Tulumbacı, Fatih; Özer, Hazal; Şener, YağmurAMAÇ: Dental restoratif materyalin fonksiyonel kuvvetlere direnme kabiliyeti, uzun süreli klinik performansı için önemli bir gerekliliktir. Basınç ve bükülme mukavemeti ile yüzey mikro sertliği, dental restoratif malzemelerin önemli fiziksel özellikleridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı dört farklı rezin modifiye cam iyonomer siman (RMGIC)'ın mekanik özelliklerini karşılaştırmaktır. YÖNTEM: Çalışmada kullanılan materyaller; Photac Fil Quick Aplicap (3M ESPE, Minnesota, ABD), GC Fuji II GP (GC Corporation, Tokyo, Japonya), Riva Light Cure (SDI, Illionis, ABD) ve ACTIVA Bioactive (Pulpdent Corporation, Watertown, ABD). Basınç dayanımı, eğilme mukavemeti ve yüzey mikro sertliğini test etmek için ISO standardına göre numuneler hazırlandı (n 10). Veriler, SPSS yazılımı (sürüm 18, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, ABD) kullanılarak analiz edildi. Tek yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey HSD post hoc testi materyallerin arasındaki farkları saptamak için yapıldı (p 0.05). BULGULAR: En yüksek basınç ve eğilme mukavemet değerleri ACTIVA Bioactive'den elde edildi. Photac Fil Quick Applicap'ın yüzey mikro sertlik değerleri ile ACTIVA Bioactive arasında anlamlı fark gözlenmedi. Riva Light Cure, eğilme mukavemeti ve yüzey mikro sertliğinde en düşük değerleri sergiledi. SONUÇ: Bu çalışmanın sınırlılıkları içinde, ACTIVA Biyoaktif Restoratif materyal, geleneksel RMGIC'lere göre daha iyi mekanik ve fiziksel özellikler göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, bu dental restoratif materyalin klinik performansını doğrulamak için kontrollü klinik çalışmalar tavsiye edilmektedir.Öğe Comprehensive Dental Treatments Under Pediatric General Anesthesia(2017) Gezgin, Onur; Korkut, Emre; Abaklı İnci, Merve; Şener, YağmurAmaç: Dental genel anestezi (DGA) çocuk hastalar için son derece etkili bir tedavi yöntemidir. Buna rağmen, pek çok risk barındırması sebebiyle son çare olarak değerlendirilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı genel anestezi altında yapılan dental tedavilerin sebeplerini, hastaların karakteristik özelliklerini ve yapılan tedavi seçeneklerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve yöntem: 2-14 yaş aralığında değişen 99 hastanın, 2014-2016 yılları arasında genel anestezi altında dental tedavileri yapılmıştır. Veriler klinik dental muayene ve hasta velilerinin doldurduğu bir anket aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma verilerinin toplanması için; ebeveyn eğitim düzeyi, sosyoekonomik durum, akraba evliliği, fiziksel/mental yetersizlik, genel anestezi altında yapılan tedavi geçmişi gibi konulardan oluşan 8 soruluk anket hazırlamıştır ve yapılan dental tedavi verileri değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada 99 hastanın verileri değerlendirilmiştir. 72 hasta kooperasyon sorunu, 12 hasta otizm, 12 hasta epilepsi, 3 hasta serebral palsi hastalığı sebepleriyle genel anestezi altında tedavi edilmiştir. Toplamda 1020 tedavi yapılmış olup; bunların 45.8 % restoratif tedavi, 34.4% diş çekimi, 19.8% endodontik tedavi ve koruyucu tedavilerdir. Sonuç: Genel anestezi zor bir tedavi seçeneği olmasına rağmen; fiziksel/mental yetersizliği ve kooperasyon sorunu olan hastaların kaliteli bir şekilde tedavi edilmesini sağlar. Bu çalışma pediatrik diş hekimliği hastalarında dental genel anestezinin bir ihtiyaç olduğunu ancak davranış yönlendirme tekniklerinin de geliştirilmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir.Öğe Effect of Passive Tobacco Smoking Exposure on the Periodontal Status of Turkish Children(Univ Indonesia, Fac Dentistry, 2021) Alan, Raif; Gezgin, Onur; Korkut, Emre; Turkoglu, Sukriye; Celik, Esra; Haliloglu, SeyfullahObjective: This study aimed to assess the effect of passive tobacco smoking (PTS) through the comparison of the periodontal status and the C-reactive protein (CRP) and cotinine levels in the biologic fluids in children who are exposed and unexposed to PTS. Methods: A total of 148 participants, whom had smokers (PTS-exposed, n=82) and non-smokers (PTS-unexposed, n=66) in their families, respectively, were included in the study. Gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were recorded. Moreover, saliva, urine, and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected. CRP and cotinine levels in the biological fluids were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: Both groups exhibited similar values for periodontal parameters and salivary CRP levels were higher in PTS-exposed group but not significant. The mean urinary cotinine level was significantly higher in children exposed to PTS than in unexposed children. Conclusions: There was no evidence for causative role of PTS in periodontal disease in this study. Longitudinal studies including large populations should be conducted to provide stronger evidence for the causative role of PTS in periodontal disease. Also, further epidemiological studies on the social context of smoking should be performed to improve the quality of life and lifespan of the society.Öğe Effect of Passive Tobacco Smoking Exposure on the Periodontal Status of Turkish Children(Univ Indonesia, Fac Dentistry, 2021) Alan, Raif; Gezgin, Onur; Korkut, Emre; Turkoglu, Sukriye; Celik, Esra; Haliloglu, SeyfullahObjective: This study aimed to assess the effect of passive tobacco smoking (PTS) through the comparison of the periodontal status and the C-reactive protein (CRP) and cotinine levels in the biologic fluids in children who are exposed and unexposed to PTS. Methods: A total of 148 participants, whom had smokers (PTS-exposed, n=82) and non-smokers (PTS-unexposed, n=66) in their families, respectively, were included in the study. Gingival index, plaque index, probing depth, and bleeding on probing were recorded. Moreover, saliva, urine, and gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected. CRP and cotinine levels in the biological fluids were determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: Both groups exhibited similar values for periodontal parameters and salivary CRP levels were higher in PTS-exposed group but not significant. The mean urinary cotinine level was significantly higher in children exposed to PTS than in unexposed children. Conclusions: There was no evidence for causative role of PTS in periodontal disease in this study. Longitudinal studies including large populations should be conducted to provide stronger evidence for the causative role of PTS in periodontal disease. Also, further epidemiological studies on the social context of smoking should be performed to improve the quality of life and lifespan of the society.Öğe Evaluation of Er:YAG lasers on pain perception in pediatric patients during caries removal: A split-mouth study(2018) Korkut, Emre; Gezgin, Onur; Özer, Hazal; Şener, YağmurOBJECTIVE: Fear and anxiety is a major problem in the treatmentof pediatric patients. The pain that occurs during theuse of caries removal instruments has a strong potentialof triggering dental anxiety and fear in most children andadults. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the painperceptions of children who underwent caries removal viaan Er:YAG laser and traditional rotary instruments.MATERIALS AND METHOD: Occlusal caries was removed fromthe permanent molar teeth of 120 pediatric patients whoreferred to the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Facultyof Dentistry, Necmettin Erbakan University, usingan Er:YAG laser and high- and low-speed rotary instruments.All restorative procedures were performed by oneclinician. The participant children were asked to choose avalue or figure from the Wong-Baker FACES Pain RatingScale, and the data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test(?0.05).RESULTS: A statistically significant difference was foundbetween the groups (p0.05). In the Er:YAG laser group,20.83% of the participants, and in the conventional group,6.66% of the participants selected the option ‘no hurt’.The option ‘hurts worst’ was selected in neither of thegroups.CONCLUSION: The use of Er:YAG laser for caries removalcauses less or no pain during the operations, comparedto traditional rotary instruments. Therefore, it can be arguedthat Er:YAG laser is a more comfortable and acceptablealternative for pediatric patients.Öğe Evaluation of temperature changes in the pulp chamber during polymerization of pulp capping materials(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Korkut, Emre; Tulumbaci, Fatih; Gezgin, Onur; Ozer, Hazal; Ozcan, MutluPolymerization of resin-based materials leads to temperature rise, caused by the exothermic nature of the reaction and energy absorbed during polymerization. This temperature rise is influenced by intensity of light, composition of resins, and type of light source. This study evaluated thermal insulating properties of four photo-polymerizing pulp-capping agents in primary and permanent teeth. Roots of 80 primary and permanent teeth were removed. Class-I cavities were prepared on the occlusal surfaces of teeth. Materials used were TheraCal LC, Biner LC, ACTIVA BioACTIVE, and Calciplus LC and light sources were 3M-Elipar and VALO LED. Temperature rise was measured using a J-type thermocouple. Data were statistically evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey`s tests (p=0.05). VALO LED exhibited significantly lower temperature rise in all groups and temperature rise in primary teeth was significantly higher with all experimental materials (p<0.05). The highest temperature change was observed in the Biner LC group (3.82 +/- 0.58) and the lowest change in the Activa-BioACTIVE group (1.78 +/- 0.34). The VALO LED light source caused a significantly lower increase in pulpal temperature compared with the 3M-Elipar source. All tested materials and light sources maintained pulpal temperature under safe limits, with temperature increases not exceeding 5.5 degrees C.Öğe Evaluation of the Periodontal Disease Effect on Pulp Volume(Elsevier Science Inc, 2018) Terlemez, Arslan; Alan, Raif; Gezgin, OnurIntroduction: The success of periodontal and endodontic treatments depends on the total recovery from both conditions regardless of their occurrence as independent or combined lesions. There is strong presumptive evidence that teeth with periodontal disease may cause pulpal inflammation and degeneration. Therefore, the goal of this study was to establish a correlation between periodontitis and pulp volume. Methods: Thirty-four dental images from 17 patients obtained by cone beam 'computed tomography were analyzed by medical software to create three-dimensional images. Paired t test analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results: The statistical analysis showed that periodontitis had a significant effect on the volume and surface areas of the dental pulp (P <.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that periodontitis causes pulp volume to reduce by approximately 20%. The use of three-dimensional models provides better understanding of the dental anatomy before endodontic treatment and, consequently, improvement of treatment outcomes. Additional studies are needed to investigate the effect of periodontal disease on pulp volume and surface area.Öğe Genel Anestezi Altında Yapılan Diş Tedavilerinin Çocukların Yaşam Kalitesi Üzerine Etkisi(2017) Korkut, Emre; Gezgin, Onur; Özer, Hazal; Alan, Raif; Şener, YağmurErken çocukluk çürüğü bulunan 0-72 ay aralığındaki çocuklarda, dental işlemlerin uygulanması sırasında yaşa bağlı kooperasyon bozukluğu, anksiyete gelişmesi, işlem seanslarının uzun olması gibi sebeplerden dolayı genel anestezi yöntemi sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Erken çocukluk çürüklerinin, çocuk hastaların ve ailelerinin yaşam kalitelerini önemli düzeyde etkilediği bilinmektedir. Yaşam kalitesi değerlendirmelerinde çocuklar ve ebeveynleri için günümüze kadar birçok farklı anket geliştirilmiştir. Günümüzde 6 yaş altındaki çocuklar için Ebeveyn Algı Anketi ve Aile Etki Ölçeği olmak üzere iki kısımdan oluşan Erken Çocukluk Çürüğü Ağız Sağlığı Ölçeği kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmaya, Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi, Pedodonti Anabilim Dalında genel anestezi altında dental tedavileri gerçekleştirilen 158 hasta ve ebeveynleri dahil edildi. İşlem öncesi hastaların demografik bilgileri ve dmft değerleri kaydedildi. İşlem öncesinde ve işlemi takip eden 2. ve 4. haftalarda ebeveynlerden ilgili anketi doldurmaları istendi. Veriler SPSS programı ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Etki boyutu 0.7’den büyükse, veride meydana gelen değişim büyük bir değişim olarak kabul edildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesi sonucu genel anestezi altında yapılan tedaviler sonrasında tüm değerlerde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir azalma gözlendi. Çocuğun oral semptomları ve fonksiyonel durumuna ait bölümlerdeki azalmanın diğer bölümlere kıyasla daha fazla olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak erken çocukluk çürüğü gözlenen çocuklarda genel anestezi altında gerçekleştirilen dental işlemlerin hastalar ve ailelerinin yaşam kalitelerini arttıracak yönde etki ettiği görülmektedir.Öğe HPLC analysis of eluted monomers released from dental composites containing bioactive glass(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2018) Gezgin, Onur; Korkut, Emre; Tulumbaci, Fatih; Ozer, Hazal; Sener, YagmurObjectives: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the released residual monomers from composite resins that contain different proportions of bioactive glass (BAG). Methods: Experimental resin composites were prepared by a resin matrix (50% BisGMA and 50% TEGDMA) and inorganic filler with BAG (5, 10 and 30%). Each resin composite was placed in the tooth cavity (n=5). After polymerisation, samples were immediately immersed in 75% ethanol and 25% deionised water (6ml) at 37 degrees C. Residual monomers (Bis-GMA, TEGDMA, HEMA and UDMA) that were eluted from the composites for 10m, 1h, 1 d, 7 d and 30 d were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The data were analysed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD at a p<0.05 significance level. Results: Among the time periods, the fastest released residual monomer was observed in the 10m elution. The highest amount of released residual monomer from all groups (except the control group) was TEGDMA, whereas this was HEMA for the control group. The amounts of residual monomers eluted from BAG30 were significantly higher than other groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: The release of the monomer increases in accordance with the increased BAG addition to the composite resins.
