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    The Adiponectin variants contribute to the genetic background of type 2 diabetes in Turkish population
    (Elsevier, 2014) Arikoglu, Hilal; Ozdemir, Hulya; Kaya, Dudu Erkoc; Ipekci, Suleyman Hilmi; Arslan, Ahmet; Kayis, Seyit Ali; Gonen, Mustafa Sait
    Adiponectin, an adipose tissue specific protein encoded by the Adiponectin gene, modulates insulin sensitivity and plays an important role in regulating energy homeostasis. Many studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Adiponectin gene are associated with low plasma Adiponectin levels, insulin resistance and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of the Adiponectin gene polymorphisms in genetic background of type 2 diabetes in a Turkish population. In total, 169 unrelated and non-obese diabetic patients and 119 age- and BMI-matched nondiabetic individuals with no family history of diabetes were enrolled in this study. We detected a significant association between type 2 diabetes and two SNPs: SNP - 11391G>A. which is located in the promoter region of the Adiponectin gene, and SNP + 276G > T, which is found in intron 2 of the gene (P < 0.05). The silence SNP G15G ( + 45T > G) in exon 1 and SNP + 349A > G in intron 2 also showed a weak association with type 2 diabetes (P = 0.06 and P = 0.07, respectively), while SNPs - 3971A>G in intron 1 and Y111H, R112C and H241P in exon 3 showed no association (P > 0.05). In conclusion, these findings suggest that Adiponectin gene polymorphisms might be effective on susceptibility for type 2 diabetes development which emerged from the interactions between multiple genes, variants and environmental factors. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Comparison of Salivary Cortisol, Serum Cortisol, Plasma ACTH and Urinary Free Cortisol Levels in Thyrotoxic and Hypothyroid Patients
    (Ortadogu Ad Pres & Publ Co, 2012) Gonen, Mustafa Sait; Ozkaya, Emin; Kurban, Sevil; Ipekci, Suleyman Hilmi; Duran, Cevdet; Kulaksizoglu, Sevsen
    Objective: Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is affected by thyroid hormones. The present study was designed to compare the level of salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and urinary free cortisol (UFC) levels in patients with subclinical and overt thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism. Material and Methods: We analyzed the salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, plasma ACTH and UFC levels in 123 patients with thyroid dysfunction. The patients were classified into four groups; overt thyrotoxicosis (n=32), subclinical thyrotoxicosis (n=29), overt hypothyroidism (n=28) and subclinical hypothyroidism (n=34). Results: There were no significant differences in terms of salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, plasma ACTH and UFC levels in patients with subclinical and overt thyrotcodcosis (p>0.05). Similarly, no significant differences could be detected in terms of salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, plasma ACTH and UFC levels in patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism (p>0.05). The comparison of patients with hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis also did not yield any significant difference in terms of salivary cortisol, serum conisol, plasma ACTH and UFC levels (p>0.05). Conclusion: Similar salivary cortisol, serum cortisol, plasma ACTH and UFC levels were detected in patients with hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis. Thus, we may suggest that thyroid hormone status does not play a role in the HPA axis. The major limitation of this study was the absence of a healthy control group. Further studies with large numbers of patients are required to clarify the association between thyroid hormone dysfunction and glucocorticoid levels.
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    Do We Need to Replace GH to Correct Anemia in Hypopituitarism?
    (Endocrine Soc, 2014) Kulaksizoglu, Mustafa; Ipekci, Suleyman Hilmi; Gonulalan, Gulsum; Ozturk, Mine; Kaya, Ahmet; Gonen, Mustafa Sait; Cakir, Mehtap
    [Abstract Not Availabe]
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    Influence of Exercise on Leptin, Adiponectin and Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetics
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2015) Dede, Nesrin Dogan; Ipekci, Suleyman Hilmi; Kebapcilar, Levent; Arslan, Mihriban; Kurban, Sevil; Yildiz, Mustafa; Gonen, Mustafa Sait
    Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of aerobic exercise on the quality of life and leptin and adiponectin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Material and Method: Patients were randomized into two groups: aerobic exercise-training and control group. Parameters were assessed at baseline and end of the twelve-week follow-up for 60 type 2 diabetic patients who completed the program. The 36-item Short Form Health Survey was administered to the patients. Results: The exercise-training group results showed a decrease in adiponectin and leptin levels, a reduction of waist circumference and percentage of body fat (p=0.007, 0.023, 0.012 and 0.048, respectively). The leptin levels in the aerobic exercise group were positively correlated with body mass index (r=0.303, p=0.021) and percentage of body fat (r=0.371, p=0.005); they were negatively correlated with physical problems (r=-0.482; p=0.009) and pain (r=-0.540; p=0.003). Exercise led to statistically significant improvements in the SF-36 physical functioning and mental health subscales (p=0.020 and 0.023, respectively). Discussion: The association of better HbA1c, waist circumference, and percentage of body fat with improved mental and physical scores may be related to a decrease in leptin levels, despite a significant reduction in serum adiponectin levels.
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    Is there a link between premature ovarian failure and serum concentrations of vitamin D, zinc, and copper?
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013) Kebapcilar, Ayse Gul; Kulaksizoglu, Mustafa; Kebapcilar, Levent; Gonen, Mustafa Sait; Unlu, Ali; Topcu, Ali; Demirci, Fatih
    Objective: The risk of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) increases in association with autoimmune conditions. Adequate intake of vitamin D (vit D) and trace elements is required for the immune system to function efficiently. The aim of this study was to evaluate vit D, zinc, and copper blood levels in women with POI who had given birth to at least one child and in women with normal menstrual cycles. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, case-control study involving 63 participants divided into two groups: the study group, which is composed of 35 women with POI, and the control group, which is composed of 28 women with normal menstrual cycles. Serum concentrations of zinc, vit D, and copper were determined for each participant. Results: Women with POI had significantly higher serum copper levels and copper-to-zinc ratio but significantly lower serum vit D and zinc levels when compared with the healthy control group. Serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were inversely correlated with zinc and vit D levels and positively correlated with the copper-to-zinc ratio and copper levels. Vit D levels were inversely correlated with follicle-stimulating hormone levels, copper-to-zinc ratio, and copper levels and positively correlated with zinc levels. Conclusions: Most women with POI are deficient in vit D. Zinc, copper, and vit D seem to correlate with hormonal status in the participants. The present study may generate hypotheses for future studies that will investigate the possible mechanisms behind alterations in trace elements and vit D deficiency in women with POI and whether these changes could be used to screen for the risk of developing POI.