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Öğe The association between neurocognitive functioning and clinical features of borderline personality disorder(Assoc Brasileira Psiquiatria, 2020) Kaplan, Bahar; Gulec, Medine Yazici; Gica, Sakir; Gulec, HuseyinObjective: To investigate the relationship between neurocognitive profiles and clinical manifestations of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods: Forty-five patients diagnosed with BPD and 35 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The BPD group was evaluated with the Borderline Personality Inventory for dissociative, impulsivity and suicidal dimensions. The Verbal Memory Processes Test and the Cambridge Neurophysiological Assessment Battery were administered to both the BPD and healthy control groups. Results: BPD patients differed from controls in sustained attention, facial emotion recognition, and deteriorated verbal memory function. A model consisting of the Dissociative Experiences Scale Taxon (DES-T), motor impulsivity and Scale for Suicidal Behavior scores explained 52% of the variance in Borderline Personality Inventory scores. It was detected that motor impulsivity, decision-making and recognizing sadness may significantly predict DES-T scores, and response inhibition and facial emotion recognition scores may significantly predict impulsivity. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the disassociation, impulsivity, and suicidality dimensions are sufficient to represent the clinical manifestations of BPD, that they are related to neurocognitive differences, and that they interact with clinical features.Öğe The association between neurocognitive functioning and clinical features of borderline personality disorder(Assoc Brasileira Psiquiatria, 2020) Kaplan, Bahar; Gulec, Medine Yazici; Gica, Sakir; Gulec, HuseyinObjective: To investigate the relationship between neurocognitive profiles and clinical manifestations of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods: Forty-five patients diagnosed with BPD and 35 healthy volunteers were included in the study. The BPD group was evaluated with the Borderline Personality Inventory for dissociative, impulsivity and suicidal dimensions. The Verbal Memory Processes Test and the Cambridge Neurophysiological Assessment Battery were administered to both the BPD and healthy control groups. Results: BPD patients differed from controls in sustained attention, facial emotion recognition, and deteriorated verbal memory function. A model consisting of the Dissociative Experiences Scale Taxon (DES-T), motor impulsivity and Scale for Suicidal Behavior scores explained 52% of the variance in Borderline Personality Inventory scores. It was detected that motor impulsivity, decision-making and recognizing sadness may significantly predict DES-T scores, and response inhibition and facial emotion recognition scores may significantly predict impulsivity. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that the disassociation, impulsivity, and suicidality dimensions are sufficient to represent the clinical manifestations of BPD, that they are related to neurocognitive differences, and that they interact with clinical features.Öğe The clinical correlation and predictive value of electrophysiological variables on clinical response to clozapine in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia(Elsevier, 2019) Gica, Sakir; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Poyraz, Burc Cagri; Gulec, Huseyin[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe The effect of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder comorbidity on cognitive functions and severity of addiction in opioid use disorder(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Donmez, Zeliha; Gica, Sakir; Unubol, Basak; Iyisoy, M. Sinan; Gulec, HuseyinThe aim of this study is to determine the changes in social cognition and other cognitive domains in ADHD comorbidity and to investigate the possible moderation role of these changes in OUD. A hundered inpatients with OUD were included in the study. Cognitive functions, severity of addiction and symptomatology of ADHD were evaluated. ASRS and API scores were in positive correlation and ASRS scores had a moderating effect on the relationship between craving score and emotion recognition. Our study shows that changes in social environment/cognition play an important role in the follow-up/treatment of patients.Öğe Emotional Information Processing and Assessment of Cognitive Functions in Social Anxiety Disorder: An Event-Related Potential Study(Sage Publications Inc, 2022) Tetik, Dilek; Gica, Sakir; Bestepe, Engin Emrem; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Gulec, HuseyinThe aim of our study was to determine deficits in cognitive areas, including social cognition such as emotion recognition capacity, theory of mind, and electrophysiological alterations in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and to identify their effects on clinical severity of SAD. Enrolled in our study were 26 patients diagnosed with SAD and 26 healthy volunteers. They were administered the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Reading Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET), and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. EEG monitoring was performed for electrophsiologic investigation. In the patient group, total reading the mind scores were lower (P = .027) while P300 latencies and emotion recognition latency during the Emotion Recognition Task (ERT) were longer (P = .038 and P = .012, respectively). The false alarm scores in the Rapid Visual Information Processing Task (RVP) were higher in the patient group (P = .038). In a model created using multivariate linear regression analysis, an effect of ERT and RVP scores on LSAS scores was found. Results of our study confirm that particularly impairment of cognitive functions such as sustained attention and emotion recognition may seriously affect the clinical presentation negatively. P300 latency in the parietal region may has the potential to be a biological marker that can be used in monitoring treatment.Öğe Investigation of auditory P50 sensory gating with sexual visual stimuli in patients with vaginismus(Elsevier France-Editions Scientifiques Medicales Elsevier, 2021) Yukselay, Ozge; Gica, Sakir; Yalcin, Murat; Gulec, Medine Yazici; Gulec, HuseyinObjectives. - The aim of the study was to investigate sensory information processing induced by visual sexual stimuli and to assess its relationship with sexual behaviors and symptoms in patients with vaginismus. Methods. - Twenty-one patients with vaginismus and 20 controls were included in the study. The sociodemographic information and sexual life history of the patients with vaginismus and controls were examined and electrophysiological measurements related to auditory P50 sensory gating were obtained using a double click paradigm during by sexual/horror visual stimulation, which was thought to be related to the pathophysiology of the disease. Results. - P50 suppression ratios during visual sexual stimuli were lower in vaginismus group compared to the control group. There was no difference in P50 suppression ratios during visual horror stimuli when the two groups were compared. The P50 suppression of the vaginismus group with visual sexual stimuli was found to be lower than P50 suppression with visual horror stimuli. A positive moderate correlation was found between the duration of foreplay and P50 suppression ratio during visual sexual stimuli in vaginismus group. Conclusion. - Our study revealed that patients with vaginismus had sensory gating impairment during visual sexual stimuli. Increase in the duration of foreplay in vaginismus patients may improve sensory gating impairment by affecting sensory gating functions. (C) 2021 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.Öğe Investigation of the effects of childhood sexual abuse on disease severity and cognitive functions in borderline personality disorder(Kare Publ, 2021) Gica, Sakir; Kaplan, Bahar; Atar, Ayse Terzi; Gulec, Medine Yazici; Gulec, HuseyinObjective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on decision-making, facial emotion recognition, and clinical presentation of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In addition, it was examined whether certain cognitive impairments could be worsened by the presence of CSA. Method: Eighteen sexually abused BPD patients, 18 patients with BPD without CSA, and 35 healthy controls were included in the study. The Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were administered to BPD patients. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which is used to examine decision-making and emotional recognition, was administered to the patients and healthy controls. Results: In the emotion recognition test, the mean percentages of correct fear recognition were 33.5 +/- 14.6 for patients with CSA, 25.89 +/- 9.8 for patients without CSA, 26.8 +/- 7.4 for healthy controls. The mean percentage of correct fear recognition was higher in patients with CSA than in the other groups. There was no difference in the correct recognition of other emotions between the groups. The probability of risking a 10% chance of winning in patients with/without CSA and healthy controls averaged were 0.71 +/- 0.26, 0.33 +/- 0.28, and 0.25 +/- 0.20 respectively. The average risk-taking propability in patients with CSA was significantly higher than in other groups. A significant correlation was identified between BPI and CTQ scores. Conclusion: The present study supports the fact that CSA has significant effects on the clinical presentation and neurocognitive profiles of BPD.Öğe Investigation of the effects of childhood sexual abuse on disease severity and cognitive functions in borderline personality disorder(Kare Publ, 2021) Gica, Sakir; Kaplan, Bahar; Atar, Ayse Terzi; Gulec, Medine Yazici; Gulec, HuseyinObjective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on decision-making, facial emotion recognition, and clinical presentation of borderline personality disorder (BPD). In addition, it was examined whether certain cognitive impairments could be worsened by the presence of CSA. Method: Eighteen sexually abused BPD patients, 18 patients with BPD without CSA, and 35 healthy controls were included in the study. The Borderline Personality Inventory (BPI) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were administered to BPD patients. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB), which is used to examine decision-making and emotional recognition, was administered to the patients and healthy controls. Results: In the emotion recognition test, the mean percentages of correct fear recognition were 33.5 +/- 14.6 for patients with CSA, 25.89 +/- 9.8 for patients without CSA, 26.8 +/- 7.4 for healthy controls. The mean percentage of correct fear recognition was higher in patients with CSA than in the other groups. There was no difference in the correct recognition of other emotions between the groups. The probability of risking a 10% chance of winning in patients with/without CSA and healthy controls averaged were 0.71 +/- 0.26, 0.33 +/- 0.28, and 0.25 +/- 0.20 respectively. The average risk-taking propability in patients with CSA was significantly higher than in other groups. A significant correlation was identified between BPI and CTQ scores. Conclusion: The present study supports the fact that CSA has significant effects on the clinical presentation and neurocognitive profiles of BPD.Öğe Olfactory Functions and Empathy Affect Social Functionality through Self-care in Patients with Schizophrenia with Long Disease Duration(Mediafarm Group, 2021) Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Gica, Sakir; Tetik, Dilek; Gulec, HuseyinBackground: Studies have shown that impaired social functioning can be much more severe and destructive than psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. In this context, it may be important to identify areas that are effective for social functionality, and where intervention is necessary to promote and develop competencies. In the current study, the aim was to investigate the relationship between olfactory functions and empathic abilities and their impact on impaired social functionality in individuals with schizophrenia. Methods: Fifty-one healthy controls and 48 patients with schizophrenia were included in the study. Sniffin' Sticks Test and Questionaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy Scale (QCEA) were given to all participants. In addition, the Personal and Social Performance (PSP) Scale was given to the patients. Results: There was a significant difference in terms of the mean scores of total odor (p<0.001), odor discrimination/identification (p<0.001), and also there was a significant difference in terms of the mean score of total empathy (p=0.05) and some sub-dimensions (p=0.05 for perspective taking and p=0.01 for cognitive empathy). In post-hoc analysis performed based on the duration of the illness; it was found that duration of illness had a moderating effect in the relationship of both odor and empathy scores with social functionality (p <= 0.001 for interaction effect). In addition, odor and QCEA scores had a significant effect on PSP self-care subscale scores in patients with an illness duration over 10 years. Conclusion: Olfactory functions and empathic abilities were decreased in patients with schizophrenia. The findings of current study support that the effect of the deterioration of these abilities on the decrease in social functionality becomes evident as they became firmly established.Öğe Predictors of Relapse in the Early Stages of the Treatment Among Inpatients with Opioid Use Disorder: A SingleCenter, Prospective Cohort Study(Aves, 2020) Gica, Sakir; Donmez, Zeliha; Unubol, Basak; Iyisoy, M. Sinan; Gulec, HuseyinBackground: Relapse rates in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) seem to be higher compared with relapse rates in other substance use disorders. In this regard, it is important to deal with the treatment process after discharge and to determine the factors affecting relapse in the early stages of the treatment of the disease. The present study aimed to investigate the factors that may be related to relapse in the first 3 months of treatment, such as sociodemographics, substance use characteristics, attention-deficit, and hyperactivity symptomatology and cognitive functions in detail. Methods: A total of 100 inpatients with OUD who consented to participate were included in the research. CANTAB Rapid Visual Information Processing (RVP), CANTAB Emotion Recognition Task (ERT), the CANTAB Cambridge Gambling Test (CGT), Addiction Profile Index (API), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and Adult Attention-Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder Self-Reporting Scale (ASRS) were administered to the patients. After discharge, the patients were followed up by phone calls, polyclinic follow-ups, and urine analysis for 2 months. Relapse was evaluated both in the interview and the results of the urine analysis. Results: Two months after discharge, there were 16 (16%) patients who reported no substance use. The patients were divided into three groups; 1) those who could not complete hospitalization, 2) those who experienced a shift on the first day after discharge, and 3) those who experienced a shift after discharge or those in remission. When the sociodemographic data, substance use characteristics, API, ASRS scores, and cognitive functions of the three groups were compared, only the mean RVP the ability to determine target scores and RVP - total correct rejection scores in patients who were in remission or experienced relapse in the later stages of discharge were significantly higher than the mean score of patients who were discharged before completing the hospitalization protocol (p=0.011 and p=0.008, respectively). Age, education level, ASRS attention-deficit and impulsivity scores, recognition of happiness scores, and ability to determine to target scores had a significant effect on relapse. After the patients were divided into two groups according to the RVP median value, the abstinence probabilities of the patients were examined using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Conclusions: Interrogating and treating patients with attention-deficit and hyperactivity disease and symptomatology, as well as interventions with new treatment methods (such as computerized cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation programs) for patients with sustained attention and social cognition impairment are needed to prevent relapse in the early stages of the treatment in patients with OUD.Öğe Psychometric Properties of Questionnaire of Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE): Reliability and Factor Analysis Study in Turkish Sample(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-Turk Noropsikiyatri Dernegi, 2021) Gica, Sakir; Buyukavsar, Ahsen; Iyisoy, M. Sinan; Gulec, HuseyinIntroduction: The Questionnaire Cognitive and Affective Empathy (QCAE) scale is a tool that is widely used because of its multi-dimensional assessment of ability for empathy and is currently available in many languages. The aim of the current study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of QCAE, which evaluates cognitive and emotional empathy with its multi-dimensional structure, and to bring it into the Turkish. Methods: The study was carried out in a Turkish population of 412 healthy volunteers. Internal consistency, confirmatory factor analyses and gender comparisons of the Turkish version of the scale were performed. Results: The Turkish version of QCAE had good construct validity and reliability for the five-correlated factors model (i. e., Emotion Contagion, Proximal Responsivity, Peripheral Responsivity, Perspective Taking and Online Simulation). Temporal reliability was high with a two week test-retest intra-correlation coefficient range of 0.69-0.79. A total of 3 models were tested with confirmatory factor analyses, including the models of the original investigation. Cognitive-Affective distinction was not supported by the pattern of correlations between the factors. Conclusion: Our results support that it is appropriate to compute and interpret the 5 sub-dimensions of the Turkish version of QCAE separately and totally, but the limitations in its use in the Cognitive Empathy and Affective Empathy sub-dimensions should be heeded.Öğe Suicidal behavior in treatment resistant major depressive disorder patients treated with transmagnetic stimulation(TMS) and its relationship with cognitive functions(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2020) Ozcan, Selma; Gica, Sakir; Gulec, HuseyinThe aim of this study is to investigate the effects of rTMS treatment on suicidal thoughts/behaviors and to determine the cognitive mechanisms underlying the effects of rTMS treatment on suicidal thoughts/behaviors in treatment-resistant depression(TRD). Thirty patients with TRD received rTMS 5 sessions per week for 4-6 weeks. Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale(MADRS), Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale(C-SSRS), Suicidal Ideation Scale(SIS), Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS) and Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery(CANTAB) were administered before and after treatment. After rTMS treatment, there was a significant decrease in depressive complaints and suicidal thoughts and improvement in emotional recognition. However, there was no significant change in cognitive functions such as cognitive flexibility, motor response inhibition and decision making. Pre-treatment decision-making and flexible thinking skills were related to the change in suicidal ideation. In TRD patients, rTMS has a positive effect on depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts/behaviors and emotion recognition abilities. Although there is no negative effect on other cognitive functions, the positive effect of rTMS on cognitive functions is limited. At this point, we think that the TRD would be treated more effectively with treatments targeting specific symptom clusters such as other cognitive functions and suicidal thoughts.
