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    A case of Human Parechovirus Infection in an Infant with Meningitis
    (Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2021) Tokak, Semih; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Caksen, Huseyin
    Human parechovirus is a potentially serious viral infection in neonates and infant and its importance increasing by years. In young infants, the typical clinical presentation includes fever, severe irritability, and rash, often leading to descriptions of hot, red, angry babies. We report a case of a 43-day-old girl with a fever that required hospitalization and in which human parechovirus was identified in the cerebrospinal fluid. Blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid bacterial cultures of the patient were negative and the patient has improved.
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    Determination of Epidemiology and Seasonal Distribution of Viral Agents Detected in Children with Respiratory Tract Infection
    (Aves Yayincilik, Ibrahim Kara, 2019) Tokak, Semih; Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Ozdemir, Mehmet
    Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the viral pathogens in the respiratory tract infections of children who applied to various outpatient clinics of our hospital and to investigate their seasonal distribution. Material and Methods: Between January 2016 and January 2017, 997 children (45.1% female, 54.9% male, 0 month-17 years) who were diagnosed with upper or lower respiratory tract infection were included in the study. Twenty-one viral respiratory pathogens were analyzed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction method by using Fast Track FTD kit (Fast Track Diagnosis, Luxemburg). Results: One or more respiratory viruses were detected in 761 (76.3%) of 997 patients and no virus was detected in 236 (22.8%) of the patients. In our study, distrubition of respiratory tract viruses were as; Adenovirus (2.76%), Bocavirus (4.20%), Coronavirus 229E (0.92%), Coronavirus OC43 (6.96%), Enterovirus (6.04%), Metapneumovirus A (4.60%), Metapneumovirus B (4.47%), Parainfluenza 1 (0.13%), Parainfluenza 2 (1.18%), Parainfluenza 3 (8.80%), Parainfluenza 4 (1.18%), Parainfluenza 4a (0.13%), Parainfluenza 4b (0.13%), Rhinovirus (48.75%), RSVA/B (37.84%), Influenza B (3.02%) and Parechovirus (6.57%). When we observe the seasonal distribution of viral agents, RSV was the most common agent in winter and it was rhinovirus in spring, summer and autumn season. Conclusion: Approximately 80% of the patients included in the study had a viral agent that may be responsible for clinical symptoms. For this reason, the rapid and sensitive diagnosis of viruses causing viral respiratory infections will reduce the cost of treatment, reduce unnecessary use of antibiotics and prevent the development of resistance to antibiotics and will guide the clinician to prevent the infections caused by these viruses.
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    Hepatitis C Genotypes in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Infection: A Three-Year Evaluation
    (Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2020) Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Esenkaya Tasbent, Fatma; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Feyzioglu, Bahadir
    Introduction: In case of chronic hepatitis C infection, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma may progress. HCV genotypes and subtypes have been found to vary according to geographical regions. In addition to its epidemiological importance, HCV genotype is an important factor in determining the response and duration of treatment. In this study, it was aimed to determine the genotype distribution in our region. Materials and Methods: The results of 241 patients with HCV RNA positivity detected in our laboratory Molecular unit between 2016 and 2018 were retrospectively screened. HCV-RNA extraction for genotyping was performed by automated system (EZ1 Virus Mini Kit v.2.0, Germany), and line probe assay (LIPA) based on reverse hybridization method was applied. HCV-RNA levels were determined by real-time PCR method (Artus HCV QS-RGQ kit, Qiagen, Germany). Results: Two hundred and forty-one patients were included in the study, and 116 (48%) were females and 125 (52%) were males. Mean age was 56.1 +/- 19.4 (range: 16-90) years. Mean logarithmic viral load value was 5.7 +/- 0.9 IU/ml (range; 2.71 x 10(2)-17 x 10(6)), mean value of AST was 50.5 +/- 43.7 IU/ml and mean ALT value was 63.4 +/- 63.5 IU/ml. Genotype 1b was detected in 58.9% of the patients, genotype 3a in 14.1%, genotype 1a in 13.27%, genotype 2b in 4.1%, genotype 4a in 1.2%. The subtypes could not be determined for 4.9%, 1.2%, 1.6% and 0.4% of infected patient in genotype 1,2,4 and 5 respectively. Conclusion: In our study, genotype 1b (58.9%) was found as the dominant genotype. This was followed by genotype 3a (14.1%). In patients infected with genotype 1, viral load value was found to be significantly higher than other genotypes. Monitoring genotype change is important for determining treatment protocols and duration.
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    Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of High-risk Human Papilloma Virus Types Compared with Cervical Cytology
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2021) Ugrakli, Selin; Ozdemir, Mehmet; Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Findik, Siddika
    Introduction: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is a well-known causative pathogen of cervical cancer. The distribution of HPV prevalence and genotypes differ between regions. This study aimed to detect the prevalence of high-risk HPV (hrHPV) and genotype distribution among patients with cervical cytology. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,571 women aged 17-91 years who presented to the department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Outpatient Clinic of our hospital, between January 1, 2017, and July 30, 2019, were included. Samples were collected for cytology and transported to the Medical Microbiology Laboratory for HPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) test. Cervical specimens were investigated for the presence of hrHPV and genotyping of HPV using a commercial kit (Nuclear Laser Medicine S.r.l., Milano, Italy) by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Simultaneously, cytological examination was performed using conventional (Papanicolaou) method and interpreted according to the Bethesda system. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: Of the 1,571 women with a mean age of 39.98 (+/- 10.17) years, HPV DNA was negative in 972 (61.9%) patients, while 599 (38.1%) patients were positive for hrHPV. No significant difference was found between age groups in terms of HPV positivity (p=0.18). The most common hrHPV types detected were HPV16 (28.5%), HPV68 (18.7%), HPV51 (15.5%), HPV39 (15.4%), and HPV31 (13.4%), in descending order. Single HPV infections were found in 61.4% (368/599), while infections with multiple HPV genotypes were detected in 38.6% (231/599) of all cases. Conclusion: This study indicated that HPV infection is more prevalent than expected among women living in the central part of Turkey. Additionally, the high prevalence of non-vaccinable genotypes should be considered a regional difference, and the use of this knowledge for guidance in the selection and development prophylactic vaccines may lead to successful broader prevention.
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    A Study of the Hepatitis B Frequency and Its Possible Adverse Outcomes on Pregnancy at a University Hospital
    (Galenos Yayincilik, 2022) Gulseren, Yasemin Derya; Kilic, Fatma; Tasbent, Fatma Esenkaya
    Objectives: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major global public health problem. Maternal-fetal transmission of viral hepatitis may contribute to pregnancy-related complications. This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of HBV and its possible adverse pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of patients followed up in the obstetrics service. Pregnancy-related discharge codes were queried approximately 2017-2019. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in serum samples were studied by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay method (Architect, Abbott Laboratories, USA). The HBsAg-positive group and HBsAg-negative group data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 (SPSS Inc.; Chicago, IL, USA). Results: HBsAg was positive in 255 (2.1 %) patients. Two groups compared in terms of age and there was no significant difference (p=0.45). Two groups compared in terms of pregnancy outcomes and there was no significant difference (p=0.1). Conclusion: The study group consisted of patients with pregnancy complications and HBsAg positivity was found to be 2.1%. A lower rate was found compared to other regions. Studies to be conducted in different endemic regions of Hepatitis B in our country will illuminate the effect of hepatitis B on pregnancy better.