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    Antibacterial nano cerium oxide/chitosan/cellulose acetate composite films as potential wound dressing
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2020) Kalaycioglu, Zeynep; Kahya, Nilay; Adimcilar, Veselina; Kaygusuz, Hakan; Torlak, Emrah; Akin-Evingur, Gulsen; Erim, F. Bedia
    Novel chitosan and cellulose acetate polymer composites with nanosized cerium oxide were prepared as potential wound dressing materials. Chitosan and cellulose acetate are natural polymer derivatives with biocompatible properties. Both polymers can be dissolved in formic acid. The polymer composite was formed by solvent-casting method. The formed films were not soluble in water. In order to improve antibacterial, thermal, and mechanical properties of the composite material, films were loaded with nanosized cerium oxide. Films were characterized with thermogravimetric, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, mechanical, ultraviolet-visible light transmittance, water solubility, pH, moisture content, water vapor transmission rate, swelling, and antibacterial tests. The physical properties and antibacterial characteristics of the films are promising for further research as a potential wound covering material.
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    Antimicrobial and physical properties of chitosan films incorporated with turmeric extract
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2017) Kalaycioglu, Zeynep; Torlak, Emrah; Akin-Evingur, Gulsen; Ozen, Ilhan; Erim, F. Bedia
    In this study, the effects of turmeric extract incorporation on the antibacterialand physical properties of the chitosan films were evaluated. Turmeric containing chitosan-based film was produced with casting procedure and cross-linked with sodium sulfate. Mechanical, optical, thermal properties, and water vapor permeability of the films were studied. The addition of turmeric to chitosan film significantly increased the tensile strength of the film and improved the ultraviolet-visible light barrier of the film. Infrared spectroscopy analysis suggested an interaction between the phenolic compounds of the extract and amin group of chitosan. Antimicrobial activity of the chitosan films was studied against Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus by plate count agar technique and a better antimicrobial activity was observed with turmeric incorporation. Turmeric incorporated chitosan films with enhanced antimicrobial activity and film stiffness can be suggested as a promising application for food packaging. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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    Antioxidant and antimicrobial chitosan films enriched with aqueous sage and rosemary extracts as food coating materials: Characterization of the films and detection of rosmarinic acid release
    (Elsevier, 2022) Kahya, Nilay; Kestir, Sacide Melek; Oztuerk, Seray; Yolac, Alara; Torlak, Emrah; Kalaycioglu, Zeynep; Akin-Evingur, Gulsen
    Chitosan films containing aqueous extracts of sage and rosemary were prepared as a potential food coating material with antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The effect of adding extracts at different concentrations on the mechanical, physical, and optical properties of the films was investigated. The addition of the extracts significantly increased Young's modulus values of the films compared to the chitosan film, and a significant decrease was observed in the swelling percentage and water vapor permeability of the films. Since all the pre-pared films were ionically cross-linked, the increase in water solubility of the films with the addition of the extract was at a low level. The release of rosmarinic acid, which is found in significant amounts in both plants, from the films was monitored by the capillary electrophoresis. The antioxidant properties imparted to the films by the addition of plant extracts were determined by DPPH and FRAP methods. The addition of plant extracts increased the antimicrobial property of chitosan films against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Films containing sage and rosemary extracts showed potential for use as food coating materials.
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    Comparative physical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of films prepared by dissolving chitosan in bioactive vinegar varieties
    (Elsevier, 2023) Adimcilar, Veselina; Kalaycioglu, Zeynep; Akin-Evingur, Gulsen; Torlak, Emrah; Erim, F. Bedia
    Solvent casting following the dissolution of chitosan in aqueous acetic acid is the most widely used method for preparing chitosan films. In this study, an economical and practical way is proposed to improve the physico-chemical properties of chitosan films by using vinegar varieties both as solvents and as bioactive additives to improve the properties of the films. Chitosan films were prepared by dissolving chitosan in pomegranate, grape, apple, and hawthorn vinegar. Vinegar contains bioactive phenolics and different organic acids together with acetic acid, depending on the main raw material from which it is obtained. The films' mechanical, optical properties, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were compared with each other and with the chitosan film prepared by dissolving chitosan in acetic acid. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of chitosan films prepared with vinegar increased. The use of vinegar as a solvent increased the UV light barrier properties of the films. Improved antimicrobial, antioxidant, optical, and elastic properties of films prepared by dissolving chi-tosan in vinegar varieties are promising in applications of these films as potential and economic food packaging materials.