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Öğe Analysis of navicular drop test values of patients with plantar fasciitis(Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2022) Dikici, Rumeysa; Uysal, Ismihan Ilknur; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Fazliogullari, ZelihaAim: The aim of this study is to investigate the usability of navicular drop test (NDT) in the diagnosis of plantar fasciitis (PFs). Material and Methods: Fifty patients aged 35-60 years who were diagnosed with PF in the physical therapy clinic and 50 healthy participants in the same age range were included in this study. Age, height, weight, dominant lower extremity of all participants were determined and body mass index was calculated. The navicular drop test measurements of all participants were performed. Data were compared between the two groups. Results: The body mass index (BMI) in the PFs group was statistically significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.05). The right foot was dominant (93%) in both groups and PFs was more common on the right side in the patient group (p<0,05). The NDT data were statistically significantly higher in the PFs group on the right and left sides. Discussion: Besides the fact that BMI is an important risk factor for the formation of PF, an increase in the amount of displacement in the navicular tubercle due to overloading of the extremity may further increase this risk. We believe that the diagnosis of PFs can be supported by NDT in physical examination.Öğe An Anthropological Contribution about Ageism: Attitudes of Elder Care and Nursing Students in Turkey towards Ageism(Kamla-Raj Enterprises, 2016) Karahan, Faika Sanal; Hamarta, Erdal; Karahan, Ali YavuzThe aim of this study was to define attitudes toward ageism among nursing and geriatric care students at two schools. Fifty students from the Sick and Elder Care School (SECS) and the Nursing Services Department (NSD) participated in this study. Participants were asked to fill a questionnaire that included questions on demographic data and questions related to the literature and the Ageism Attitude Scale (AAS). All students were between 16 and 18 years old, female, and single. The participants' average AAS score was 72.8. Higher AAS scores were correlated with age, class, and experience in residing with an older relative. The mean AAS score of the SECS students was statistically high and significant when it was compared with the mean AAS score of the NSD students. Students who understand the aging process, senility, and changes in senile individuals better and have good communication skills with elderly individuals have a more positive attitude and perspective.Öğe Başarısız bel cerrahisi sendromu tedavisinde farklı egzersiz programlarının etkinliğinin karşılaştırılması(2011) Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Şahin, NilayBaşarısız bel cerrahisi sendromu (BBCS) lumbosakral omurga cerrahisini takiben hiç kaybolmayan ya da bir süre sonra yeniden ortaya çıkan dirençli veya tekrarlayıcı ağrı olarak tanımlanan önemli bir kronik bel ağrısı nedenidir. Spinal cerrahi geçiren hastaların yaklaşık olarak % 10-40' ında BBCS geliştiği bildirilmektedir. Özellikle günlük yaşam aktivitelerini önemli derecede kısıtlayan bu klinik tabloda tedavide; medikal tedavi, fizik tedavi, psikotrop ilaçlar, biofeedback, eğitim, kognitif ve davranışsal terapiyi kapsayan interdisipliner bir program izlenmelidir. Tedavinin amacı fonksiyonu arttırmak, ağrıyı azaltmak ve fiziksel aktiviteyi arttırmaktır.Bu çalışmanın amacı BBCS tedavisinde farklı egzersiz programlarının ağrı, fonksiyonel kapasite ve lomber ve diz kas kuvvetleri üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktı.Hastalar ve yöntem;Prospektif, randomize ve kontrollü olarak tasarlanan çalışmamıza Selçuk Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi, Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Anabilim Dalı Polikliniklerine başvuran BBCS tanısı alan 80 hasta alındı. Hastalar randomize olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı. Tüm gruplardaki hastalar doktor tarafından anlatılan, hasta eğitim programı içerikli bel okuluna katıldı. Ayrıca birinci gruba izometrik egzersiz programı, 2. gruba Dinamik Lomber Stabilizasyon (DLS) egzersiz programı ve 3. gruba ev egzersiz programı verildi. Dördüncü grup ise kontrol grubu olarak alındı. Çalışmaya alınan hastalar; tedavi öncesinde, 8 hafta süren tedavi protokolü sonrasında, 3. ve 6. ay kontrollerinde lomber mobilite açısından; El parmak zemin mesafesi (EPZ), lomber Schober (LS), Modifiye LS ile, ağrı açısından vizüel analog ağrı skalası (VAS) ile, dizabilite açısından Modifiye Oswestry Dizabilite İndeksi (MODİ) ile, depresyon açısndan Beck Depresyon İndeksi (BDİ) ile, korku-kaçınma tutumları açısından Korku Kaçınma Tutumları Anketi (KKTA) ile, dinamik kaldırma kapasitesi açısından progresif isoinertial ağırlık kaldırma (PİLE) testi ile, objektif lomber ve diz kas gücü ölçümü açısından izokinetik dinamometre ile değerlendirildi.Bulgular;Çalışmamızda tedavi öncesi değerlendirmelerde gruplar arasında demografik veriler ve klinik değerlendirme parametreleri açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu (P > 0,05). Çalışma sonunda İzokinetik ve DLS egzersiz tedavisi alan gruplarda tedavi sonu ölçümlerde tüm parametrelerde iyileşme kaydedildi (P < 0,05). Ev egzersiz grubu tedavisi verilen hastalarda ise tedavi sonunda EPZ mesafesi, VAS, MODİ, KKTA parametrelerinde ve lomber kas güçlerinde orta-düşük açısal hızlarda (90 º/sn ve 120 º/sn) iyileşme saptandı (P < 0,05). Kontrol grubunda (4. grup) ise değerlendirmeye alınan hiçbir parametrede tedavi öncesine göre anlamlı bir değişiklik izlenmedi (P > 0,05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada 1. ve 2. grupların tedavi sonrası tüm parametrelerde 4. gruba göre daha başarı olduğu gözlendi (P < 0,05 ). Yine 1. ve 2. grup tedavi sonu ölçümlerinde mobilite parametrelerinde, VAS, BDİ ve lomber kas gücü parametrelerinde 3. gruba üstün izlendi (P < 0,05 ).Sonuç;BBCS rehabilitasyonunda egzersiz tedavisi lomber mobilite, ağrı, dizabilite, korku kaçınma tutumları, depresyon, ağırlık kaldırma kapasitesi, lomber ve diz kas gücü ölçümlerinde başarılı sonuçlar vermektedir. Ayrıca çalışmamızın sonuçlarına göre izokinetik egzersiz ve DLS egzersiz programları BBCS hastalarında ön plana çıkan egzersiz protokolleridir.Öğe Comparison of effectiveness of different exercise programs in treatment of failed back surgery syndrome: A randomized controlled trial(Ios Press, 2017) Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Sahin, Nilay; Baskent, AkinBACKGROUND: Failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) is a condition characterized by persistent pain following back surgeries. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of different exercises programs in FBSS. METHODS: A single-blind, randomized, controlled trial designed. One hundred participants with failed back surgery syndrome were randomly assigned to three different exercises groups (Isokinetic, Dynamic lumbar stabilization (DLS), and home exercises (HE) groups) and a control group. Patients were evaluated before and after 8-week exercise program and follow-ups at the 3rd and 6th months after the exercise program. Finger-floor distance and lumbar Schober for lumbar mobility, visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, Modified Oswestry Disability Index, Beck Depression Inventory, fear-avoidance attitudes survey, and progressive-isoinertial weight lifting test were used as follow-up parameters. Lumbar muscle strength was assessed with the isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS: VAS levels were decreased from 67.7 to 22.8 in isokinetic and from 68.7 to 25.0 in DLS and from 64.6 to 47.1 in HE groups at the end of the program (p < 0.05). Also, all of other follow-up parameters of the isokinetic and DLS exercise groups viewed significant improvements compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: According to our results either isokinetic or DLS exercises are more effective in FBSS patients.Öğe Diagnostic Performance of Superb Microvascular Imaging and Other Sonographic Modalities in the Assessment of Lateral Epicondylosis(Wiley, 2018) Arslan, Serdar; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Oncu, Fatih; Bakdik, Suleyman; Durmaz, Mehmet Sedat; Tolu, IsmetObjectives-The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of different sonographic modalities for diagnosing lateral epicondylosis. Methods-A total of 50 symptomatic and 50 asymptomatic common extensor tendons in 44 patients with lateral epicondylosis, and 25 healthy participants were prospectively examined by B-mode sonography, color Doppler imaging, power Doppler imaging, Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Tokyo, Japan), and strain elastography. We evaluated blood flow in common extensor tendons by using a grading system with color Doppler imaging, power Doppler imaging, and SMI. The diagnostic performance of the modalities was compared. Results-When a cutoff value of hypoechogenicity was used for the mean strain ratio, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy rates were 92.0%, 94%.0, 93.9%, 92.2%, and 93.0%, respectively. When a cutoff point of grade 1 was used, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy rates were 26.0%, 10.0%, 10.0%, 57.5%, and 63.0, for color Doppler imaging; 40.0%, 10.0%, 10.0%, 62.5%, and 70.0% for power Doppler imaging; and 84.0%, 94.0%, 93.0%, 85.5%, and 89.0% for SMI. When a cutoff value of 3.94 was used for the mean strain ratio, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy rates were 78.0%, 92.0%, 90.7%, 80.7%, and 85.0%, respectively. A statistically significant correlation was detected between SMI, strain elastography, and visual analog scale scores (P < .001). Conclusions-The combination of SMI and B-mode sonography was found to have excellent diagnostic performance for lateral epicondylosis. Neovascularzation in patients' tendons with lateral epicondylosis was identified much better with SMI compared to color or power Doppler imaging.Öğe The effect of the palmaris longus muscle on wrist flexion and extension strength(Ios Press, 2017) Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Bakdik, Suleyman; Ozen, Kemal Emre; Arslan, Serdar; Karpuz, Savas; Yilmaz, Nihal; Yildirim, PelinBACKGROUND: The palmaris longus (PLM) is a fusiform-shaped muscle that appears in the superficial flexor compartment of the forearm. It has been suggested that PLM is a phylogenetically degenerate metacarpophalangeal joint flexor. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to compare the strength of wrist flexion and extension in healthy volunteers with and without the PLM. METHODS: Sixty-four healthy subjects, 30 men and 34 women, 18-22 years old were enrolled in this study. The database consisted of 128 wrist tests. The inclusion criteria were as follows: sedentary lifestyle, unknown musculoskeletal disorders and right-handedness. Musculoskeletal ultrasound imaging was used for assessing the presence of PLM. A hand-held digital dynamometer was used to assess the peak force of wrist extension and flexion. Data were analyzed separately for women and men RESULTS: The existence of right-sided PLM was 73.3% in male subjects and 55.9% in female subjects. For men, the strength of wrist flexion was 36.03 +/- 13.92 N and 34.24 +/- 12.23 N for the right and left side, respectively. For women, the respective strengths were 16.20 +/- 7.29 N and 15.26 +/- 6.79 N. For both sexes, there was no statistically significant difference between those with and without a PLM (p > 0.05). There was also no significant difference in the agonist/antagonist (flexion/extension) ratio of the wrist between those with and without a PLM in both sexes and sides. CONCLUSIONS: The existence or absence of PLM plays no role in the strength of either the flexors or extensors of the wrist.Öğe Epileptic seizures in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: Subgroup analysis of VENOST study(W B Saunders Co Ltd, 2020) Uluduz, Derya; Midi, Ipek; Duman, Taskin; Yayla, Vildan; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Afsar, Nazire; Goksu, Eylem OzaydinPurpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the presence and prognostic impact of early seizures in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis patients (CVST). Method: VENOST is a retrospective and prospective national multicenter observational study. CVST patients with or without epileptic seizures (ES) were analyzed and compared in terms of demographic and imaging data, causative factors, clinical variables, and prognosis in a total of 1126 patients. Results: The mean age of the patients in the ES group was 39.73 +/- 12.64 and 40.17 +/- 14.02 years in the non-ES group (p > 0.05). Epileptic seizures were more common (76.6 %) in females (p < 0.001). Early ES occurred in 269 of 1126 patients (23.9 %). Epileptic seizures mainly presented in the acute phase (71.4 %) of the disease (p < 0.001). Majority of these (60.5 %) were in the first 24 h of the CVST. The most common neurological signs were focal neurologic deficits (29.9 %) and altered consciousness (31.4 %) in the ES group. Superior sagittal sinus (SSS) and cortical veins (CV) involvement were the most common sites of thrombosis and the mostly related etiology were found puerperium in seizure group (30.3 % vs 13.9 %). Patients with seizures had worse outcome in the first month of the disease (p < 0.001) but these did not have any influence thereafter. Conclusions: In this largest CVST cohort (VENOST) reported female sex, presence of focal neurological deficits and altered consciousness, thrombosis of the SSS and CVs, hemorrhagic infarction were risk factors for ES occurrence in patients with CVST.Öğe Headache as the sole presenting symptom of cerebral venous sinuses thrombosis: Subgroup analysis of data from the VENOST study(Kare Publ, 2021) Duman, Taskin; Cinar, Nilgun; Uluduz, Derya; Domac, Fusun Mayda; Ozturk, Serefnur; Yayla, Vildan; Karahan, Ali YavuzObjectives: Headache is the most common complaint in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and it may sometimes be the only symptom in these patients. This retrospective and prospective study was an investigation of any differences in terms of clinical risk factors, radiological findings, or prognosis in patients with CVST who presented with isolated headache (IH) and cases with other concomitant findings (non-isolated headache [NIH]). Methods: A total of 1144 patients from a multicenter study of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis ( VENOST study) were enrolled in this research. The demographic, biochemical, clinical, and radiological aspects of 287 IH cases and 857 NIH cases were compared. Results: There were twice as many women as men in the study group. In the IH group, when gender distribution was evaluated by age group, no statistically significant difference was found. The onset of headache was frequently subacute and chronic in the IH group, but an acute onset was more common in the NIH group. Other neurological findings were observed in 29% of the IH group during follow-up. A previous history of deep, cerebral, or other venous thromboembolism was less common in the IH group than in the NIH group. Transverse sinus involvement was greater in the IH group, whereas sagittal sinus involvement was greater in the NIH group. The presence of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) mutation was significantly greater in the IH group. Conclusion: IH and CVST should be kept in mind if a patient has subacute or chronic headache. PAI, which has an important role in thrombolytic events, may be a risk factor in CVST. Detailed hematological investigations should be considered. Additional studies are needed.Öğe Headache as the sole presenting symptom of cerebral venous sinuses thrombosis: Subgroup analysis of data from the VENOST study(Kare Publ, 2021) Duman, Taskin; Cinar, Nilgun; Uluduz, Derya; Domac, Fusun Mayda; Ozturk, Serefnur; Yayla, Vildan; Karahan, Ali YavuzObjectives: Headache is the most common complaint in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and it may sometimes be the only symptom in these patients. This retrospective and prospective study was an investigation of any differences in terms of clinical risk factors, radiological findings, or prognosis in patients with CVST who presented with isolated headache (IH) and cases with other concomitant findings (non-isolated headache [NIH]). Methods: A total of 1144 patients from a multicenter study of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis ( VENOST study) were enrolled in this research. The demographic, biochemical, clinical, and radiological aspects of 287 IH cases and 857 NIH cases were compared. Results: There were twice as many women as men in the study group. In the IH group, when gender distribution was evaluated by age group, no statistically significant difference was found. The onset of headache was frequently subacute and chronic in the IH group, but an acute onset was more common in the NIH group. Other neurological findings were observed in 29% of the IH group during follow-up. A previous history of deep, cerebral, or other venous thromboembolism was less common in the IH group than in the NIH group. Transverse sinus involvement was greater in the IH group, whereas sagittal sinus involvement was greater in the NIH group. The presence of a plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) mutation was significantly greater in the IH group. Conclusion: IH and CVST should be kept in mind if a patient has subacute or chronic headache. PAI, which has an important role in thrombolytic events, may be a risk factor in CVST. Detailed hematological investigations should be considered. Additional studies are needed.Öğe An important cause of pes planus: the posterior tibial tendon dysfunction(Pagepress Publ, 2015) Erol, Kemal; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Kerimoglu, Ulku; Ordahan, Banu; Tekin, Levent; Sahin, Muhammed; Kaydok, ErcanPosterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is an important cause of acquired pes planus that frequently observed in adults. Factors that play a role in the development of PTTD such as age-related tendon degeneration, inflammatory arthritis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, peritendinous injections and more rarely acute traumatic rupture of the tendon. PTT is the primary dynamic stabilizer of medial arch of the foot. Plantar flexion and inversion of the foot occurs with contraction of tibialis posterior tendon, and arch of the foot becomes elaveted while midtarsal joints are locked and midfoot-hindfoot sets as rigid. Thus, during the walk gastrocnemius muscle works more efficiently. If the PTT does not work in the order, other foot ligaments and joint capsule would be increasingly weak and than pes planus occurs. We present a 10-yearold female patient diagnosed as PTTD and conservative treatment with review of the current literature.Öğe Incidence and anatomical variability of accessory and sesamoid bones of the foot(2018) Bakdık, Süleyman; Çiçekcibaşı, Aynur Emine; Arslan, Serdar; Öncü, Fatih; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Durmaz, Mehmet Sedat; Özen, Kemal EmreAim: We aimed to assess the incidence, mean size, patterns, and types of accessory and sesamoid bones of the foot using computed tomography.Material and Methods: A total of 814 non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography images of the foot obtained from 717 patients between October 2015 and January 2018 were investigated retrospectively. Images acquired in the original axial plane were used to perform multiplanar reconstruction in the coronal or sagittal planes. Incidence, mean size, patterns, and types of accessory and sesamoid bones were evaluated in all images.Results: Accessory bones were detected in 387 (47.5%) non-contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans from 326 patients (45.4%). Sixty-seven patients (9.3%) showed accessory bones on both sides; 133 patients (18.5%), only on the right side; and 126 patients (17.5%), only on the left side. The most common accessory bones of the foot were the os naviculare accessorium (24.8%), os trigonum, (20.3%), os peroneum (14.6%), os intermetatarseum (10.6%), os supranaviculare (3.1%), os supratalare (1.9%), and osvesalianum (1.5%). The hallucal sesamoid bone was observed in all patients, while the interphalangeal sesamoid bone was observed in 34.6% of the patients.Conclusions: The computed tomography scans provided a detailed overview of the characteristics of accessory and sesamoid bones, and the incidence of these bones in our patients was higher than those reported in previous radiographic studies. Our findings can facilitate the diagnosis and management of disorders involving these bones.Öğe The prevalence of fibromyalgia and its relation with headache characteristics in episodic migraine(Springer London Ltd, 2013) Kucuksen, Sami; Genc, Emine; Yilmaz, Halim; Salli, Ali; Gezer, Ilknur Albayrak; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Salbas, EnderThe objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) in patients with episodic migraine and to evaluate the relationship between migraine characteristics and FM. One hundred and eighteen consecutive patients (mean age = 38 years, 75 % women) fulfilling the International Classification of Headache Disorders-II criteria for migraine with (n = 22) and without (n = 96) aura from an outpatient headache clinic of a university hospital were evaluated. The diagnosis of FM was made based on the 1990 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. Participants completed some self-administered questionnaires ascertaining sociodemographics, headache severity, frequency and duration, headache-related disability (Headache Impact Test [HIT-6]) and Migraine Disability Assessment Scale, widespread musculoskeletal pain (visual analog scale), depression (Beck depression inventory), anxiety (Beck anxiety inventory), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), fatigue (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue), and quality of life (Short Form-36 Health Survey [SF-36]). In patients with FM, the tender point count and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire were employed. FM was diagnosed in 37 (31.4 %) of the patients. FM comorbidity was equally distributed across patients with and without aura. Severity of migraine headache, HIT-6, and anxiety were especially associated with FM comorbidity. Patients suffering from migraine plus FM reported lower scores on all items of the SF-36. This study indicates that the assessment and management of coexisting FM should be taken into account in the assessment and management of migraine, particularly when headache is severe or patients suffer from widespread musculoskeletal pain.Öğe Romatoid artrit olgularının hastalıkları konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi(2014) Küçük, Adem; Karahan, Ali Yavuz; Bağçacı, Sinan; Salbaş, Ender; Erol, Kemal; Karpuz, SavaşAmaç: Bu çalışmada Romatoid Artrit (RA) tanısı ile tedavi görmekte olan olguların, hastalıkları konusundaki bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi ve hastaların bilgi düzeyi ile hastalık aktivitesi arasındaki ilişkinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 2010 ACR/EULAR Romatoid Artrit Klasifikasyon Kriterleri'ne göre RA tanısı konulmuş 50 olgu alındı. Hastaların demografik özellikleri kaydedildi. RA hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini değerlendirmek için, RA hastaları için tasarlanmış olan Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ)'in Türkçe çevirisi, RA aktivitesini değerlendirmek için Günlük Aktivite Skoru (DAS-28), fonksiyonel durum değerlendirmesi için Sağlık Değerlendirme Anketi (SDA) ve ağrı değerlendirmesi için Görsel Analog Skala (VAS) kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 36 kadın ve 14 erkek RA hastasının ortalama yaşı 57,212,2, ortalama hastalık süresi 6,25,8 yıl idi. RA hastaların PKQ'nun etiyoloji, semptom ve laboratuvar testlerini içeren bileşeni için ortalama puan 3,2 (maksimum değer 9), medikasyon bileşeni için ortalama puan 2,9 (maksimum değer 7), egzersiz bileşeni için ortalama puan 2,4 (maksimum değer 7), eklemlerin ve enerjinin korunması bileşeni için ortalama puan 2,4 (maksimum değer 7) ve toplam ortalama puan 10,9 (maksimum değer 30) bulundu. PKQ puanları ile SDA, DAS-28 ve VAS parametreleri arasında korelasyon izlenmezken, hastaların eğitim düzeyi ve hastalık süresi değerleri ile PKQ puanları arasında pozitif yönde korelasyon mevcuttu. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda RA olgularında hastalık bilgi düzeyi ile hastalık aktivitesi ve fonksiyonel durum arasında belirgin bir ilişki saptanmamıştır. Ancak elde edilen sonuçlara göre hastalık bilgi düzeyleri düşük bulunmuştur. RA olguları hastalıkları konusunda daha fazla eğitim ve bilgilendirmeye ihtiyaç duymaktadırlar.Öğe Short-Term Efficacy Comparison of High-Intensity and Low-Intensity Laser Therapy in the Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis: A Randomized Double-Blind Clinical Study(Turkish League Against Rheumatism, 2020) Kaydok, Ercan; Ordahan, Banu; Solum, Sezin; Karahan, Ali YavuzObjectives: This study aims to evaluate and compare the short-term efficacies of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) and low-intensity laser therapy (LILT) in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis (LE). Patients and methods: Sixty patients (16 males, 44 females; mean age 44.2 +/- 9.3 years; range, 18 to 65 years) with unilateral elbow pain were randomized into two groups as 30 patients treated with HILT (9 males and 21 females) and 30 patients treated with LILT (7 males and 23 females). The HILT (1,064 nm) and LILT (904 nm) were administered three times a week for three weeks, and each treatment was combined with an epicondylitis bandage. A visual analog scale (VAS), quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QDASH) questionnaire, Medical Outcomes Study Questionnaire Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and hand grip strength test were used to evaluate the patients before and three weeks after treatment. Results: The two groups had similar demographic characteristics, including age, sex, occupation, and body mass index (p>0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of the pretreatment VAS, QDASH, hand grip strength, and SF-36 scores ( p>0.05). After three weeks, both groups showed significant improvements in all of the parameters (p<0.05). However, in the HILT group, the QDASH, hand grip strength, and SF-36 physical component summary (PCS) scores showed superior improvement compared to the LILT group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Each treatment modality was found to be effective and safe for the short-term treatment of LE. However, the HILT exhibited more significant effects on the hand grip strength, QDASH, and SF-36 PCS scores than the LILT.Öğe The Turkish adaptation and psychometric properties of the Geriatric Anxiety Scale(Pagepress Publ, 2018) Karahan, Faika Sanal; Hamarta, Erdal; Karahan, Ali YavuzThe purpose of the present study is to translate and adapt the Geriatric Anxiety Scale (GAS), a 30-item self-report measure of anxiety among older adults, into Turkish and examine its basic psychometric properties. We tested the translated GAS in a sample of community-dwelling older adults in Konya, Turkey (N=100; M-age=71.4 years, SD=6.5; range=65-88) without a history of mental disorder and sufficient cognitive abilities. To assess the convergent validity, Turkish versions of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were administered. The mean GAS total score was 13.33 (SD=11.86). Due to low item-total correlations (<0.30), two items (items 2 and 3) were removed from the Turkish version of the GAS. The internal reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was excellent for the total score (0.91) and acceptable for the subscales (somatic = 0.71; cognitive = 0.85; affective = 0.84). Regarding the convergent validity, the GAS total score was significantly and positively correlated with the total scores of the BAI (r=0.87, P<0.05) and GDS (r=0.57, P<0.05), with large effect sizes. Implications: The newly translated Turkish version of the GAS has promising utility in an older adult Turkish sample. Future studies of this measure are warranted.
