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Öğe Mental foramen and lingual vascular canals of mandible on MDCT images: anatomical study and review of the literature(Springer, 2018) Direk, Filiz; Uysal, Ismihan Ilknur; Kivrak, Ali Sami; Fazliogullari, Zeliha; Unver Dogan, Nadire; Karabulut, Ahmet KaganThe mental foramen and lingual vascular canals are related to vessels and nerves in the mandibular body. The aim of the present study was to determine the number and location of these structures and to make measurements of them. The archived Multidetector Computed Tomography images of 100 adult (15- to 70-year-old) patients were evaluated retrospectively. The diameters of the mental foramens and their distances from the front, back, upper and lower reference points were measured. The distribution of mental foramens with respect to the teeth was also researched. The presence of lingual vascular canals, and the number of median and lateral canals was determined, and the length of the median lingual vascular canals measured. All measurement parameters were analyzed by gender, side and age group. Eleven patients demonstrated a total of 15 accessory mental foramen. Median lingual vascular canals were observed in 100% of cases, with lateral lingual vascular canals determined in 32%. Significant differences were observed in the results of different gender groups (P < 0.05); in contrast, no significant difference was observed related with age or side. Accessory mental foramen was determined mostly in males, and unilaterally on the right side; also, the distances of mental foramen, except the distance from the back border of the mandible (P < 0.05), were found to be higher, bilaterally, in males. Variation of mental foramen, as well as the presence, position and size of lingual vascular canals can be clearly investigated by multidetector computed tomography. A preoperative knowledge of the positions of neurovascular and bone structures is very important for preventing complications that may occur during or after operations.Öğe Reevaluation of Mandibular Morphometry According to Age, Gender, and Side(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2018) Direk, Filiz; Uysal, Ismihan Ilknur; Kivrak, Ali Sami; Unver Dogan, Nadire; Fazliogullari, Zeliha; Karabulut, Ahmet KaganAim: This study aims to reevaluation the linear and angular measurements of mandibles with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) that is a new method and used frequently in recent years. Materials and Methods: The archived MDCT images of 100 adult patients (age range, 15-74 years) without mandibular operation and trauma history were evaluated retrospectively. Mandibular ramus heights, maximal mandibular length, mandibular symphysis height, mandibular angles, and mandibular foramen distance measurements were performed on MDCT images. All measurement parameters were analyzed by gender, age groups, and sides. Results: Mandibular linear length measurements were higher in males than in females (P<0.05). Only mandibular symphysis height was statistically significantly different in age groups (P<0.05). The Angle 1 (gonial angle) was found to be significantly higher in females (P<0.05). The Angle 3 (right condyle-gnathion-left condyle angle) was observed to be significantly higher in the 60+ age group (P<0.05). The 3 of the mandibular foramen measurements (distance from the front edge, distance to gonion, and height of lingula) were found to be higher in males than in females (P<0.05). There were no significant differences according to age groups in these measurements. The lengths of the mandibular canals were higher in males (44.72mm) than in females (41.68mm). There was no statistically significant difference was found between gender, age groups, and sides of mandibular canal length. Conclusion: The MDCT was found to be a reliable method for the detection of mandibular morphometry when compared with the results of other radiographic images studies.