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    Applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk (FINDRISC) as a Screening Tool for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    (Duzce Univ, 2016) Kutlu, Ruhusen; Sayin, Seher; Kocak, Ahmet
    Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the applicability of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) as a screening tool for undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: This cross-sectional analytic study was carried out on 479 persons referred to the Outpatient Clinic of Family Medicine. The risk of developing Type 2 diabetes mellitus was assessed using the FINDRISC. LDL-c, HDL-c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, glucose and insulin levels were measured in the blood of the patients taken after 10-12 hours of fasting. For insulin resistance, HOMA IR (Homeostasis Model Assessment) was calculated by using fasting plasma glucose (FBG) and insulin levels. Results: In all the participants, 73.9% (n=354) were female, 26.1% (n=125) were male, the mean age was 35.14 +/- 10.77. The Diabetes risk was increasing with low education level, marriage, unemployment, obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Age, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in the high and very high risk group than other groups (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation were found between the FINDRISC score and FBG, insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-c, as well as a negative correlation with HDL-c level (p<0.001). The frequency of insulin resistance were higher in the moderate risk group, this difference was statistically very significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes is a major health problem in our country as well as all over the world. FINDRISC can be used as a simple and noninvasive screening tool to identify individuals at high risk for diabetes in the adults.
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    The relationship between insulin resistance and leptin, interleukin-6, hs-CRP and fibrinogen in obesity
    (Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2014) Kocak, Ahmet; Kutlu, Ruhusen; Civi, Selma; Kilinc, Ibrahim
    Obesity is still an actual subject because of its rapidly increasing prevalence. Although it is not a serious disease by itself, obesity plays an important role in the development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovasculer diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and interleukin-6, leptin, hs-CRP and fibrinogen in obese and non-obese individuals. Methods: This study, which is an analytical study in the case-control type, was conducted on 329 adult individuals. Heights, weights, body mass indexes (BMI), waist circumferences, blood pressures, fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-c, HDL-c, hs-CRP, leptin, IL-6, fibrinogen, and insulin levels were measured. Results: Of all the participants, 204 (62.0%) were female, 125 (38.0%) were male; 71 of them were of (21.5%) normal weight, 89 (27.1%) were overweight and 169 were (51.4%) obese. There was a significant correlation between low educational level and obesity (p<0.001). The married participants exhibited higher rates of being overweight and obese than other groups (p<0.001). There was a significant relationship between FBG, TG, HDL-c levels in male/female gender and BMI, statistically (p<0.05). In our study, a significant correlation was found between insulin, insulin resistance, hs-CRP, fibrinogen, leptin levels, low HDL-c levels and obesity (p<0.05). No statistically significant relationship was found between IL-6 and obesity (p>0.05). As a result of the multiple regression analysis, HOMA-IR, leptin ve hs-CRP levels was found as the effective basic factors on obesity. On the other hand, there was a significant relationship between high blood pressure and obesity (p<0.001). Conclusion: In our study, high fasting blood glucose, TG, insulin, insulin resistance, hs-CRP, fibrinogen, leptin and low HDL-c levels were found to be correlated with obesity. This correlation leads to many diseases, notably diabetes mellitus and cardio-vascular diseases.