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    Acoustic parameter changes after bariatric surgery
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2022) Eravci, Fakih Cihat; Yildiz, Baris Dogu; Ozcan, Kursat Murat; Moran, Munevver; Colak, Mustafa; Karakurt, Suleyman Emre; Karakus, Mehmet Fatih
    Objective To investigate the acoustic parameter changes after weight loss in bariatric surgery patients. Materials and methods This prospective, longitudinal study was conducted with 15 patients with planned bariatric surgery, who were evaluated pre-operatively and at 6 months post-operatively. Fundamental frequency (F0), Formant frequency (F1, F2, F3, and F4), Frequency perturbation (Jitter), Amplitude perturbation (Shimmer) and Noise-to-Harmonics Ratio (NHR) parameters were evaluated for /a/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/ vowels. Changes in the acoustic analysis parameters for each vowel were compared. The study group was separated into two groups according to whether the Mallampati score had not changed (Group 1) or had decreased (Group 2) and changes in the formant frequencies were compared between these groups. Results A total of 15 patients with a median age of 40 +/- 11 years completed the study. The median weight of the patients was 122 +/- 14 kg pre-operatively and 80 +/- 15 kg, post-operatively. BMI declined from 46 +/- 4 to 31 +/- 5 kg/m(2). The Mallampati score decreased by one point in six patients and remained stable in nine. Of the acoustic voice analysis parameters of vowels, in general, fundamental frequency tended to decrease, and shimmer and jitter values tended to increase. Some of the formant frequencies were specifically affected by the weight loss and this showed statistical significance between Group 1 and Group 2. Conclusion The present study reveals that some specific voice characteristics might be affected by successful weight loss after bariatric surgery.
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    Analysis of the Effect of Weight Loss on Eustachian Tube Function by Transnasal Videoendoscopy
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Eravci, Fakih Cihat; Yildiz, Baris Dogu; Ozcan, Kursat Murat; Moran, Munevver; Colak, Mustafa; Karaku, Mehmet Fatih; Karakurt, Suleyman Emre
    Objective: To investigate the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery on eustachian tube (ET) function with video endoscopy. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted as a prospective cohort and was completed with 19 patients. Three-step tympanometry (basal, Toynbee, Valsalva), dynamic slow-motion video endoscopy, and the Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire-7 (ETDA-7) were applied to the patients preoperatively before bariatric surgery and in the postoperative 6th month. Dynamic slow-motion video endoscopy was graded between 0 and 3, or classified as patulous, as indicated in the literature. Results: The mean body mass index of 6 male and 13 female patients decreased from 47.3 +/- 4.6 to 31.2 +/- 5.4. Grade decline (median 2 +/- 1) was experienced in all patients in DSVE, and 1 patient resulted as patulous ET. The ETDA-7 scores decreased in11 patients, remained stable in 7 patients, and increased in 1 patient with patulous ET. The statistical analysis of the preoperative and postoperative DSVE grading and ETDA-7 scores, excluding the patulous ET patient, was found to be significant (P = 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively). There was no significant change in any of the tympanometry parameters (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Rapid weight loss with bariatric surgery results in an improvement in both the DSVE images and in the complaints of ET dysfunction in the majority of patients, but in some patients it may result in patulous ET. Therefore, preoperative evaluation of the ET with DSVE and questioning the patient's complaints are important in predicting patients who may develop patulous ET.