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Öğe Acrylamide-treatment and responses to phenylephrine and potassium in rat aorta(Akademiai Kiado Rt, 2012) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Oznurlu, Y.Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on vascular responses to phenylephrine (PHE; 10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM). We also examined the role of gender in these responses. The animals in both genders were divided into three groups as follows. (1) Control animals, (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days), (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Male rat aortas were more sensitive to PHE and KCl than female aortas. ACR-treatment increased the sensitivity to PHE and KCl, in both genders. Compared to the control group, ACR treatment significantly reduced the luminal area of both male and female rat aortas. Furthermore, the responses to PHE and KCl were similar in both 2 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas with 5 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas, in both genders. The results of this study suggest that ACR treatment affects vascular contractility and morphology in both gender of rat aorta.Öğe Acrylamide-treatment and responses to phenylephrine and potassium in rat aorta(Akademiai Kiado Rt, 2012) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Oznurlu, Y.Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on vascular responses to phenylephrine (PHE; 10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM). We also examined the role of gender in these responses. The animals in both genders were divided into three groups as follows. (1) Control animals, (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days), (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Male rat aortas were more sensitive to PHE and KCl than female aortas. ACR-treatment increased the sensitivity to PHE and KCl, in both genders. Compared to the control group, ACR treatment significantly reduced the luminal area of both male and female rat aortas. Furthermore, the responses to PHE and KCl were similar in both 2 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas with 5 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas, in both genders. The results of this study suggest that ACR treatment affects vascular contractility and morphology in both gender of rat aorta.Öğe AGE AND SEX AFFECT SPATIAL AND EMOTIONAL BEHAVIORS IN RATS: THE ROLE OF REPEATED ELEVATED PLUS MAZE TEST(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2012) Belviranli, M.; Atalik, K. E. N.; Okudan, N.; Gokbel, H.The main objective of the study was to investigate the effects of age and sex differences on locomotor activity, learning and memory in rats. Another objective was to investigate whether repeated elevated plus maze tests induce anxiety in rats. Eighty Wistar rats were divided into eight groups according to their sex, age and anxiety status. Locomotor activity was assessed in open field. Repeated anxiety tests were performed in elevated plus maze. Spatial learning and memory were evaluated with the Morris water maze. All behavioral tests were recorded online and analyzed offline with an analytical software. Exploratory behavior was lower in anxiety-induced rats. Male rats had lower anxiety levels, locomotor activity and exploratory behavior compared to females. During the training period of Morris water maze latency to find platform, total distance traveled and average swimming speed decreased in all groups with repeated tests and young rats generally were faster than aged rats. During the probe trial, although the number of platform crossings was not affected, time spent in the platform zone was higher in the young groups compared to the aged groups. In conclusion, age and sex affect locomotor activity, learning and memory in different aspects. (C) 2012 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Öğe The comparison of preemptive analgesic effects of curcumin and diclofenac(Comenius Univ, 2014) Atalik, Nurullahoglu K. E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Oz, M.Objective: Preemptive analgesia is an antinociceptive treatment that prevents central sensitization. Antinociceptive effects of diclofenac are well-known. The aim of this study was to investigate preemptive analgesic effects of curcumin and diclofenac, before acute and inflammatory induced pain in rat model. Material and methods: Fourty eight old female (n = 6 in each group) Wistar Albino rats were included in the study. Paw movements in response to paw flinching in response to formalin injection or thermal stimulation were compared after curcumin (400 mg kg(-1), p.o.) and diclofenac (10 mg kg(-1), i.p.) administration. Saline was used as a control. The solvent ethanol was administered in another group of rats. Preemptive analgesic effect was significant in both tests when curcumin and diclofenac was administrated before the pain stimuli. Results: Oral administration of curcumin and intraperitoneal injection of diclofenac increase the response time in hot plate test and decrease the number of flinches in formalin test (p < 0.001 vs p < 0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that curcunnin had preemptive analgesic effects on acute thermal, and inflammatory induced pain in rats as diclofenac (Fig. 2, Ref. 35). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Donepezil-induced response of Spirulina supplemented rat urinary bladder(Comenius Univ, 2013) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, K. E.; Okudan, N.; Gokbel, H.; Nurullahoglu, Z. U.Objective: At present, very little is known about the effects of donepezil on vascular reactivity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the responses of rat urinary bladder to donepezil (10(-10)-3x10(-4) M) and the role of Spirulina supplementation in these effects. Material and methods: Animals were divided into the two groups of six animals in each group. The first group received only distilled water daily as vehicle for six weeks and served as the control. The second group received Spirulina 750 mg kg (-1) orally, daily for six weeks and served as the spirulina group. Preparations of rat urinary bladder were used from both groups. Results: Donepezil produced concentration dependent relaxation of rat urinary bladder preparations pre-contracted with KCl. The pIC(50) value, but not the maximal response of donepezil, was significantly lower (p<0.05) in the Spirulina supplemented group. Conclusions: These results demonstrated for the first time that spirulina treatment can affect urinary bladder activity (Fig. 1, Ref. 20). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Effects of exercise preconditioning on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury(Comenius Univ, 2014) Gokbel, H.; Oz, M.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.Background: To investigate the effects of exercise preconditioning on oxidative injury in the intestinal tissue of rats. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups as sham (n = 10), ischemia-reperfusion (n = 10), exercise (n = 10), exercise plus ischemia-reperfusion (n = 10), ischemic preconditioning (n = 10), and ischemic preconditioning plus ischemia-reperfusion groups (n = 10). Tissue levels of malondialdehyde and activities of myeloperoxidase and superoxide dismutase, and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 were measured. Intestinal tissue histopathology was also evaluated by light microscopy. Results: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentrations significantly decreased in the exercise group compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased and superoxide dismutase activity significantly decreased in ischemia-reperfusion group compared to the sham group (p < 0.05). Superoxide dismutase activity in the ischemic preconditioning and ischemic preconditioning plus ischemia-reperfusion groups were significantly higher compared to the ischemia-reperfusion and exercise groups (p < 0.05). Histopathologically, intestinal injury significantly attenuated in the exercise plus ischemia-reperfusion group compared to the ischemia-reperfusion group. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that exercise training seems to have a protective role against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (Tab. 3, Fig. 1, Ref. 35). Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe Responses of acrylamide-treated rat bladders(Comenius Univ, 2013) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Celik, IObjective: Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and more recently was found to be formed naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. ACR was shown to be a neurotoxicant, reproductive toxicant, and carcinogen in animal species. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on urinary bladder responses to carbachol (10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM), each of them causes receptor-dependent and receptor-independent contractions, respectively. We also examined the role of gender in these responses. Material and methods: Rats of both genders were divided into three groups as follows: (1) Control animals (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days) (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Results: In rats treated with ACR, the EC50 values of carbachol and KCl, but not the maximal response, to both agents were significantly higher than in control group. Histopathological parameters such as edema, congestion, inflammatory cells, microvascular proliferation, fibrosis, eosinophils, mast cells and epithelial damage were all higher in the ACR-treated group than in the controls. Conclusions: These results demonstrate for the first time that ACR-treatment can induce urinary bladder injury (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 30). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.Öğe The role of nitric oxide on the responses of curcumin-treated rat aorta(Comenius Univ, 2012) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, K. E.; Gokbel, H.; Oz, M.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.Objectives: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of endothelial nitric oxide (NO) on the vascular responses of curcumin-treated rats. Methods: The experimental groups included the control and curcumin-treated (200 mg/kg/day, p.o., for 4 weeks) group. The concentration response curves to receptor-dependent agent 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; 10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and receptor-independent agent potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM) were observed. Results: The concentration response curves to 5-HT and KCl shifted to the right and the maximal response was significantly decreased in the curcumin-treated rat aortas. A pretreatment of rings with L-NAME (a NOS inhibitor, 10(-4) M) increased both the sensitivity and maximal response to only 5-HT. No apparent histological changes were demonstrated in smooth muscle and connective tissue layers in the aortas of the control and curcumin-treated rat preparations. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that NO release from endothelial cells modulates curcumin-treated rat aorta responses to 5-HT, but not to KCl (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 25). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
