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    Chia Seed Mucilage Versus Guar Gum: Effects on Microstructural, Textural, and Antioxidative Properties of Set-Type Yoghurts
    (Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2020) Atik, Didem Sozeri; Demirci, Talha; Ozturk, Hale Inci; Demirc, Sumeyye; Sert, Durmus; Akin, Nihat
    Texture is an important parameter which influences on the quality and acceptability of yoghurts. The utilize of stabilizers in yoghurt manufacturing has become a prevalent application to improve the textural properties of yoghurts. In this context, guar gum obtained from Cyamopsis tetragonolobus is generally used as a natural stabilizer for its thickening and gelling properties. Accordingly, this study evaluated the use of chia seed mucilage as an alternative to guar gum to improve the textural properties of yoghurt. This study focused on the effect of using chia seed mucilage (CSM) and guar gum (GG) at 1, 2, and 3% concentrations on the textural and microstructural characteristics of yoghurts. The results of fortifications with CSM and GG on the physicochemical, sensory, and antioxidative properties of yoghurts were also evaluated. Compared to GG, CSM provided higher antioxidant activity which improved with increasing concentrations of CSM. An enhancement was observed in textural properties of yoghurts containing CSM and GG, but CSM concentrations up to 2% gave better effect on firmness. Besides, the microstructure of yoghurt was enhanced depending on the increase in CSM and GG amounts. No negative effect was determined on the sensory properties of the samples by CSM and GG additions. The results showed that CSM can be used in set-type yoghurt production as an alternative stabilizer by improving firmness and consistency and reducing syneresis. Furthermore, its use is suitable for industrial yoghurt production with regards to sensorial properties.
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    Chia Seed Mucilage Versus Guar Gum: Effects on Microstructural, Textural, and Antioxidative Properties of Set-Type Yoghurts
    (Inst Tecnologia Parana, 2020) Atik, Didem Sozeri; Demirci, Talha; Ozturk, Hale Inci; Demirc, Sumeyye; Sert, Durmus; Akin, Nihat
    Texture is an important parameter which influences on the quality and acceptability of yoghurts. The utilize of stabilizers in yoghurt manufacturing has become a prevalent application to improve the textural properties of yoghurts. In this context, guar gum obtained from Cyamopsis tetragonolobus is generally used as a natural stabilizer for its thickening and gelling properties. Accordingly, this study evaluated the use of chia seed mucilage as an alternative to guar gum to improve the textural properties of yoghurt. This study focused on the effect of using chia seed mucilage (CSM) and guar gum (GG) at 1, 2, and 3% concentrations on the textural and microstructural characteristics of yoghurts. The results of fortifications with CSM and GG on the physicochemical, sensory, and antioxidative properties of yoghurts were also evaluated. Compared to GG, CSM provided higher antioxidant activity which improved with increasing concentrations of CSM. An enhancement was observed in textural properties of yoghurts containing CSM and GG, but CSM concentrations up to 2% gave better effect on firmness. Besides, the microstructure of yoghurt was enhanced depending on the increase in CSM and GG amounts. No negative effect was determined on the sensory properties of the samples by CSM and GG additions. The results showed that CSM can be used in set-type yoghurt production as an alternative stabilizer by improving firmness and consistency and reducing syneresis. Furthermore, its use is suitable for industrial yoghurt production with regards to sensorial properties.
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    Fortification of set-type yoghurts with Elaeagnus angustifolia L. flours: Effects on physicochemical, textural, and microstructural characteristics
    (Elsevier Science Bv, 2018) Ozturk, Hale Inci; Aydin, Sumeyye; Sozeri, Didem; Demirci, Talha; Sert, Durmus; Akin, Nihat
    The effect of peeled oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) flour (PO) and unpeeled oleaster flour (UPO) in different levels (1% and 2%) on the quality parameters of set type yoghurt was investigated throughout 28 days of storage. Acidification kinetics, water holding capacity, syneresis level, textural characteristics and microstructure were firstly measured. Additionally, influence of oleaster flours on DPPH and ABTS(+) radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content of yoghurt samples was also assessed. Besides, all the products were subjected to sensorial preference test. Enrichment with 2% PO and UPO reduced fermentation time by 31 and 37 min, respectively. Addition of PO and UPO increased cohesiveness and the viscosity index, furthermore, syneresis decreased. Oleaster supplementation to yoghurt significantly increased scavenging activities of DPPH and ABTS radicals and the highest activities were determined in yoghurts fortified with 2% UPO. The results demonstrated that yoghurt with reduced syneresis, improved functional properties, and enhanced some textural characteristics can be achieved by a 2% UPO addition. Also, surprisingly yoghurts containing 2% UPO had similar consumer overall preference scores comparing to plain yoghurt.
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    Pulsed electric field for shalgam juice: effects on fermentation, shelf-life, and sensory quality
    (Wiley, 2023) Ozturk, Hale Inci; Buzrul, Sencer; Bilge, Gonca; Yurdakul, Merve
    BACKGROUND: Pulsed electric field (PEF) has become a reality in the food industry as a non-thermal application. PEF is used due to its benefits such as increasing the extraction of anthocyanin or other bioactive substances, shortening the fermentation time, and reducing the microbiological load by electroporation. This study aimed to determine the effect of PEF pretreatment on the fermentation, chemical, microbiological, and sensory properties of shalgam juice. For this purpose, PEF with 1 kV cm(-1) of field strength was used as a pretreatment for shalgam juice and changes in control and PEF-treated samples were monitored during fermentation and 70 days of cold storage (4 degrees C). RESULTS: The pH and lactic acid content during fermentation were similar for both samples. The effect of PEF on pH (3.15-3.39), titratable acidity (4.35-5.49 g L-1 ), total phenolic content (279-766 mg mL(-1) GAE) and antioxidant activity (694-2091 mu mol Trolox mL(-1) ) during storage was insignificant. PEF-treated samples had lower total aerobic mesophilic bacteria (similar to 9%) and lactic acid bacteria (similar to 3%) counts than the control samples at the end of 70 days. Sensory analyses performed at 30th and 60th days of storage with 74 panelists revealed that the color, taste, sourness, saltiness, bitterness, and general acceptability were not inversely affected by PEF. CONCLUSION: Our results could be a basis to produce shalgam juice commercially by PEF treatment. Although more studies with new experimental designs should be carried out, preliminary results indicated that the use of PEF might have a potential for fermented products such as shalgam juices. (c) 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.