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    A New Method for the Prevention of Pre-Analytical Errors due to Hemolysis: Intensive Training
    (Clin Lab Publ, 2016) Yazar, Hayrullah; Yucel, Murat; Bozkurt, Berna; Pekgor, Ahmet; Kadilar, Ozlem
    Background: Our aim was to compare the routine training (RT) method with the intensive training (IT) method, described for the first time by our group, for preventing pre-analytical errors in induced hemolysis. Methods: At two months, either RT or IT methods were introduced, and data collected in the second two months were compared with the initial two months to assess changes in the number of samples rejected. Working groups were formed according to the methods of training, clinics, and services. Group I contained only the emergency clinic and services. Group II included other polyclinics and services. In this study, Group I followed the IT method and Group II followed the RT method. Training and supervision were conducted during regular office hours every weekday. In this study, the percentage of errors in the different groups of the pre-analytical samples that underwent hemolysis was evaluated using the error correction ratio. The effectiveness of training in the groups was compared. Results: The incidence of hemolysis in the samples showed a significant decline when the IT method was followed. The hemolysis frequency using the RT method had decreased compared to previous training. Both results were statistically significant. A further result of the study was a reduction in the incidence of the hemolysis ratio when comparing Groups I and II; the IT method was more effective than the RT method. Conclusions: The IT method is effective in preventing hemolysis-induced pre-analytical errors.
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    Refractive errors in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus
    (Professional Medical Publications, 2015) Yarbag, Abdulhekim; Yazar, Hayrullah; Akdogan, Mehmet; Pekgor, Ahmet; Kaleli, Suleyman
    Background and Objective: Diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder that involves the small blood vessels, often causing widespread damage to tissues, including the eyes' optic refractive error. In patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus who have unstable blood glucose levels, refraction may be incorrect. We aimed to investigate refraction in patients who were recently diagnosed with diabetes and treated at our centre. Methods: This prospective study was performed from February 2013 to January 2014. Patients were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus using laboratory biochemical tests and clinical examination. Venous fasting plasma glucose (fpg) levels were measured along with refractive errors. Two measurements were taken: initially and after four weeks. The last difference between the initial and end refractive measurements were evaluated. Results: Our patients were 100 males and 30 females who had been newly diagnosed with type II DM. The refractive and fpg levels were measured twice in all patients. The average values of the initial measurements were as follows: fpg level, 415 mg/dl; average refractive value, +2.5 D (Dioptres). The average end of period measurements were fpg, 203 mg/dl; average refractive value, +0.75 D. There is a statistically significant difference between after four weeks measurements with initially measurements of fasting plasma glucose (fpg) levels (p<0.05) and there is a statistically significant relationship between changes in fpg changes with glasses ID (p<0.05) and the disappearance of blurred vision (to be greater than 50% success rate) were statistically significant (p<0.05). Also, were detected upon all these results the absence of any age and sex effects (p>0.05). Conclusions: Refractive error is affected in patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus; therefore, plasma glucose levels should be considered in the selection of glasses.
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    SERUM LEVELS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS PARAMETERS IN POSTMENOPAUSAL VERSUS FERTILE WOMEN OF KUTAHYA CITY, TURKEY
    (Gomal Medical Coll, 2021) Erdogdu, Behic Selman; Yontem, Mustafa; Kocak, Fatma Emel; Yazar, Hayrullah
    Background: Decreased concentration of both oestrogen hormone and vitamin D in postmenopausal period may lead to oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, dyslipidaemia, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular diseases. The objectives of this study were to determine and compare the serum levels of oxidative stress parameters; TOS, TAS, OSI, PON-1, ARYL in postmenopausal and fertile women of Kutahya city, Turkey. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya University of Health Sciences, Kutahya, Turkey from July, 2016 to December, 2016. Kutahya is a city in western Turkey, with population of 237,804 as per 2011 estimates. Two samples were drawn from this population with consecutive technique. Study group included 40 menopausal women, while control group included 40 healthy fertile women. After overnight fasting, venous blood samples were collected, centrifuged, aliquoted into a polystyrene tube, and aliquots were stored at -80 degrees C until measurement for total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and arylesterase (ARYL) measurements were made. Levels of TOS, TAS, OSI, PON-1, ARYL were five research variables on ratio scale. `Normal' data were described by mean, range and SD and skewed data by median, Q1, Q3 and IQR with 95% confidence intervals. For normal data, independent-samples t-test and for skewed data Mann-Whitney U test was used for hypotheses testing. Results: Serum total oxidant status (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSI) levels were significantly higher (p-value.015 &.003 respectively), and serum paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) and arylesterase (ARYL) levels were significantly lower in postmenopausal than fertile women (p-value <.0001 &.0005 respectively), with no statistical difference for serum total antioxidant status (TAS) levels between the two groups (p-value.186). Conclusion: Postmenopausal period is associated with oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant defence. HDL-c-dependent PON-1 and ARYL activities are also reducing due to a decrease of HDL-c with menopause. Elevated levels of TOS and OSI, decreased levels of PON-1 and ARYL may lead to various life-threatening diseases such as cardiovascular disorders or cancer.