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    Acrylamide-treatment and responses to phenylephrine and potassium in rat aorta
    (Akademiai Kiado Rt, 2012) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Oznurlu, Y.
    Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on vascular responses to phenylephrine (PHE; 10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM). We also examined the role of gender in these responses. The animals in both genders were divided into three groups as follows. (1) Control animals, (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days), (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Male rat aortas were more sensitive to PHE and KCl than female aortas. ACR-treatment increased the sensitivity to PHE and KCl, in both genders. Compared to the control group, ACR treatment significantly reduced the luminal area of both male and female rat aortas. Furthermore, the responses to PHE and KCl were similar in both 2 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas with 5 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas, in both genders. The results of this study suggest that ACR treatment affects vascular contractility and morphology in both gender of rat aorta.
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    Acrylamide-treatment and responses to phenylephrine and potassium in rat aorta
    (Akademiai Kiado Rt, 2012) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Oznurlu, Y.
    Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and was found to form naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on vascular responses to phenylephrine (PHE; 10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM). We also examined the role of gender in these responses. The animals in both genders were divided into three groups as follows. (1) Control animals, (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days), (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Male rat aortas were more sensitive to PHE and KCl than female aortas. ACR-treatment increased the sensitivity to PHE and KCl, in both genders. Compared to the control group, ACR treatment significantly reduced the luminal area of both male and female rat aortas. Furthermore, the responses to PHE and KCl were similar in both 2 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas with 5 mg/kg-d ACR-treated rat aortas, in both genders. The results of this study suggest that ACR treatment affects vascular contractility and morphology in both gender of rat aorta.
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    Possible neoplastic effects of acrylamide on rat exocrine pancreas
    (Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Yener, Y.; Kalipci, E.; Oztas, H.; Aydin, A. D.; Yildiz, H.
    We investigated whether the acrylamide formed during cooking carbohydrate-rich foods at high temperatures causes neoplastic changes in rat pancreas. Azaserine, which is an amino acid derivative that has the ability to initiate neoplastic changes in rat pancreas, was injected into 14-day-old male rats once a week for three weeks. Acrylamide was given to both azaserine-injected and non-injected rats at doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/day in drinking water for 16 weeks after which tissue slides were prepared from the pancreata. Pancreas weights and body weights of rats treated with azaserine and acrylamide together increased significantly compared to the other groups. Moreover, the size, average diameter and volume of atypical acinar cell foci that developed in the pancreata of rats treated with azaserine and acrylamide together increased significantly compared to rats treated with either azaserine or acrylamide alone and control groups. Atypical acinar cell adenoma or adenocarcinoma was not observed in the pancreata of rats in any group.
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    Responses of acrylamide-treated rat bladders
    (Comenius Univ, 2013) Nurullahoglu-Atalik, E.; Okudan, N.; Belviranli, M.; Esen, H.; Yener, Y.; Celik, I
    Objective: Acrylamide (ACR) is a chemical used in many industries around the world and more recently was found to be formed naturally in foods cooked at high temperatures. ACR was shown to be a neurotoxicant, reproductive toxicant, and carcinogen in animal species. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the influence of ACR treatment on urinary bladder responses to carbachol (10(-9)-3x10(-4) M) and potassium chloride (KCl; 5-100 mM), each of them causes receptor-dependent and receptor-independent contractions, respectively. We also examined the role of gender in these responses. Material and methods: Rats of both genders were divided into three groups as follows: (1) Control animals (2) ACR-I; ACR-treated (2 mg/kg-d for 90 days) (3) ACR-II; ACR-treated (5 mg/kg-d for 90 days). Results: In rats treated with ACR, the EC50 values of carbachol and KCl, but not the maximal response, to both agents were significantly higher than in control group. Histopathological parameters such as edema, congestion, inflammatory cells, microvascular proliferation, fibrosis, eosinophils, mast cells and epithelial damage were all higher in the ACR-treated group than in the controls. Conclusions: These results demonstrate for the first time that ACR-treatment can induce urinary bladder injury (Tab. 4, Fig. 4, Ref. 30). Full Text in PDF www.elis.sk.
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    Serum homocysteine, arginine, citrulline and asymmetric dimethyl arginine levels, and histopathologic examination of the abdominal aorta in rats exposed to acrylamide
    (Informa Healthcare, 2013) Toker, A.; Yerlikaya, F. H.; Yener, Y.; Toy, H.
    We investigated serum homocysteine, arginine, citrulline and asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA) levels and conducted a histopathologic examination of the abdominal aorta in rats given acrylamide (AA) for long periods. We used 25 male and 25 female Wistar rats. Females were divided into three groups; two were experimental groups and one was the control group. Each experimental group consisted of ten animals and each control group consisted of five animals; male animals were divided in the same way. AA, 2 or 5 mg/kg/day, was administered to the experimental groups in drinking water for 90 days. At the end of the experiment, serum samples were analyzed for homocysteine, arginine, citrulline and ADMA using high performance liquid chromatography. Serum homocysteine, citrulline and ADMA levels were significantly higher than controls in both female and male rats when AA was administered at a concentration of 5 mg/kg/day. Serum citrulline levels also were significantly higher than controls when administered AA at a concentration of 2 mg/kg/day in female rats. There was no difference in serum arginine levels among the groups. Histopathologic examination of the abdominal aorta revealed degeneration of the external elastic lamina in rats treated with 5 mg/kg/day AA. Our findings show that long term ingestion of high dose AA with food might contribute to the development of atherosclerosis.