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    Predicting gestational diabetes mellitus during the first trimester using anthropometric measurements and HOMA-IR
    (Springer, 2016) Alptekin, Husnu; Cizmecioglu, Ahmet; Isik, Hatice; Cengiz, Turkan; Yildiz, Murat; Iyisoy, Mehmet Sinan
    Purpose To determine the predictability of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during the first trimester using the degree of insulin resistance and anthropometric measurements and to assign the risk of developing GDM by weight gained during pregnancy (WGDP). Methods A total of 250 singleton pregnancies at 7-12 gestational weeks were studied. Body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores and WGDP were determined. The backward stepwise method was applied to estimate possible associations with GDM. Cutoff points were estimated using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Results GDM was found in 20 of 227 singleton pregnancies (8.8 %). The calculated HOMA-IR, QUICKI, BMI, WHR, WGDP, and parity were significantly associated with GDM. Logistic regression analyses showed that three covariates (HOMA-IR, BMI, WGDP) remained independently associated with GDM. It was calculated as OR 1.254 (95 % CI 1.006-1.563), AUC 0.809, sensitivity 90 %, specificity 61 % with cutoff = 2.08 for HOMA-IR; OR 1.157 (CI 1.045-1.281), AUC 0.723, sensitivity 80 %, specificity 58 % with cutoff = 25.95 for BMI; OR 1.221, (CI 1.085-1.374), AUC 0.654, sensitivity 80 %, specificity 46 % with cutoff = 4.7 for WGDP. Despite a HOMA-IR score of > 3.1 in pregnant women, GDM was detected in only three of 29 patients (10.3 %) if WGDP was < 4.7 kg at weeks 24-28. Conclusions First trimester screening for GDM can be achieved based on maternal anthropometric measurements and HOMA-IR. In particular, if BMI is > 25.95 kg/m(2) and the HOMA-IR score > 2.08, controlling weight gain may protect against GDM.
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    A review on drilling of FML stacks with conventional and unconventional processing methods under different conditions
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Dogan, Mehmet Akif; Yazman, Sakir; Gemi, Lokman; Yildiz, Murat; Yapici, Ahmet
    Fiber and metal materials used in Fiber Metal Laminate (FML) have different machinability properties due to their different structures. This case has made it a research topic to obtain good hole quality in these materials. A good match between the parameters used is required for the machinability of FML. Traditional and nontraditional machining methods in the machining of FML in this article were investigated and a comprehensive review regarding the machining parameters and hole quality were conducted. Considering the methods and parameters used, the defects occurring in the holes (delamination, hole size and circularity, surface roughness, etc.) were determined and the most suitable processing methods and parameters were picked in order to minimize these defects. As a result, the most suitable machining method and optimum cutting parameters for a better hole quality in FML machinability are determined, and it is aimed that this study will be beneficial to scientific and industrial societies.