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Öğe A case report of coeliacomesenteric trunk(Allied Acad, 2013) Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Tezer, Murat; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Aydin, Anil Didem; Salbacak, AhmetThe coeliac trunk and superior mesenteric artery are the anterior visceral branches of the abdominal aorta. The anatomical variations of these arteries are due to development of the anterior splanchnic arteries. A case of coeliacomesenteric trunk was reported in this study which was observed in a 72-year-old male cadaver during the routine dissection. This trunk with a diameter of 13.98 mm is originated from the anterolateral wall of the abdominal aorta, 76.89mm below the aortic hiatus. After a 13.42 mm course, the trunk divided into coeliac trunk with a diameter of 7.09 mm and a superior mesenteric artery with the diameter of 5.25 mm. The coeliac trunk divided into splenic (6.85 mm diameter), common hepatic (5.31 mm diameter) and left gastric arteries (3.28 mm diameter). The superior mesenteric artery has inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery (3.20 mm diameter) arised from it as its first branch. Knowledge of variations of the coeliac trunk is important for both abdominal surgical approaches and radiological assessments.Öğe Evaluation of cerebrum volume of children 1-5 years old(Scientific Publishers India, 2014) Cuce, Gokhan; Seker, Muzaffer; Kalkan, Serpil; Canbilen, Aydan; Sakarya, Mehmet Emin; Cuce, Hasan; Yilmaz, Mehmet TugrulTotal brain volume and regional brain size can vary in men and women. Sexual dimorphism between the male and female brain starts in the fetal period under the influence of genetic and hormonal factors. In addition, the newborn brain begins to change in terms of both brain volume and morphology. In the present study, we evaluated gender-related changes in brain volume in children 1-5 years old. Magnetic resonance images of 30 healthy children aged 1-5 years old (15 male, 15 female) were obtained from the Department of Radiology, Meram School of Medicine, University of Necmettin Erbakan. The Cavalieri method and point-counting were used to determine the brain hemisphere volumes from these images. The mean volumes of the right cerebrum in female and male children were 423.26 +/- 110.62 cm(3) and 456.43 +/- 161.39 cm(3), respectively, and those of the left cerebrum were 416.41 +/- 103.51 cm(3) and 460.42 +/- 154.99 cm(3), respectively. There were no significant differences in cerebrum hemisphere volumes between male and female children 1-5 years old (P > 0.05).Öğe The Evaluation of Morphometry of Nasal Bone and Pyriform Aperture Using Multidetector Computed Tomography(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2014) Yuzbasioglu, Neslihan; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Seker, Muzaffer; Sakarya, Mehmet EminIntroduction: The aim of this study was to measure nasal bone (NB) and pyriform aperture (PA), morphometrically. Besides, the different types of NB and PA were classified and determined the sexual differences. Materials and Methods: Our study was performed on 120 (60 women, 60 men) multidetector computed tomography images obtained from patients who underwent radiologic examination in the Department of Radiology of Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University. The right, left, and median heights of NB; the superior and inferior widths of NB; the width of PA; and the distance between rhinion and anterior nasal spine (as the height of PA) were measured. Frontonasal and internasal angles were also determined. All data were analyzed statistically using Student's t-test. Results: The other data of men were higher than of women except for the superior and inferior widths of NB and the frontonasal angle. We also determined the ratio of the height of PA to the height of NB on median plane and the ratio of the height of PA to the width of PA. They were found less than 2.0 in 64.2% and 100% of the cases, respectively. The NB and PA were classified into 8 and 7 different types, respectively. Conclusions: The knowledge of the morphometric data and different types of the NB and PA is essential for sex determination, all surgical procedures related to this area, and nasal reconstructions.Öğe The Evaluation of Morphometry of the Mastoid Process Using Multidetector Computed Tomography in a Living Population(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2015) Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Yuzbasioglu, Neslihan; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Seker, Muzaffer; Sakarya, Mehmet EminThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships of the bony landmarks on the lateral surface of the mastoid process (MP). It was also the target of this study to reveal the importance of sexual dimorphism in terms of the mastoid triangle. Our study was performed on 140 (70 women, 70 men) multidetector computed tomography images obtained from patients who underwent radiologic examination at the Department of Radiology of Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University. The height of the MP was measured using 2 different ways. The distance between the mastoid apex and the midpoint of the distance of the porion and the mastoid notch was measured (mastoid height 1). Then, the distance between the Frankfurt horizontal plane and the mastoid apex was measured (mastoid height 2). The distances between porion-mastoid notch, porion-mastoid apex, porion-asterion, asterion-mastoid apex, articular tubercle-asterion, articular tubercle-mastoid apex, as well as the right and the left MP were also measured. Finally, the angles between porion-mastoid apex-asterion, mastoid apex-asterion-porion, and asterion-porion-mastoid apex were measured. All data were analyzed statistically using the Student's t-test. According to the results of the measurements, all right and left parameters of the men were higher than the women's right and left sides except for the angle between asterion-porion-mastoid apex. In addition, all right and left parameters were almost the same in both sexes. Having the knowledge of measurements of the distances between the major landmarks of the temporal bone is essential to avoid possible complications during facial, mastoid, and especially sigmoid sinus surgeries.Öğe An evaluation on the morphology of the nasal bone, piriform aperture, and choana on dry skulls(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2020) Kabakci, Anil Didem; Saygin, Duygu Akin; Alpa, Serife; Buyukmumcu, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Mehmet TugrulIntroduction: Piriform aperture (PA) and nasal bone (NBs) are important structures that contribute to the formation of the nose. Both anatomic structures show differences based on ethnicity, gender, and age. Hence, it is widely used to determine sex in science branches such as anthropology and forensic medicine. Furthermore, morphometry of the PA and choana is an important criterion for physiological nasal respiration of individuals. Recognition of structural differences of PA, NB, and choana along with all this information becomes important during maxillofacial procedures to be performed especially in plastic and reconstructive surgery. The aim of the present study is to determine the individual differences in NBs, PA, and choana. Material and Methods: This study was conducted on 83 Turkish dried skulls and PA, NBs, and choana was examined as morphometrically. PA was classified into seven types and NB was classified into eight subtypes. Results: The most common type of PA was found type 5 (20%-24.1%) and the least most common type of PA was type 7 (4%-4.8%). Type 1 was determined as the most common observed shape of the NB. The mean width of the choana on the right and left sides was found 13.21 +/- 1.4 and 13.98 +/- 1.81 mm, respectively. Moreover, the mean height of the choana on the right and left sides was found 25.56 +/- 3.06 and 26.1 +/- 2.5 mm, respectively. Discussion and Conclusion: We believe that obtained data from our study will constitute a morphometric data set and will be useful in a wide range of fields from forensic science to reconstructive surgery.Öğe Investigation of the Coeliac Trunk Morphometry with Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography(Aves, 2021) Odabasioglu, Mehmet Ercan; Cihan, Omer Faruk; Yilmaz, Mehmet TugrulObjective: Accurate knowledge of vascular anomalies is critical in surgical interventions, radiology, and organ transplantation procedures. Vascular variations during these procedures can cause serious complications. This study aimed to evaluate the coeliac trunk (CT) and its branches morphometrically, to examine possible variations with multidetector computed tomographic angiography (MDCTA), and to compare the obtained data with the findings in the literature. Methods: In this study, abdominal MDCTA images of 126 people taken between April 2014 and April 2016 at Necmettin Erbakan University University Meram Medical Faculty Hospital were analyzed retrospectively. Variation and morphometric analysis of CT and its branches were performed. In the morphometric analysis, diameter measurements were made in centimeters (cm) and compared in terms of sex of the patients. Variation analysis was performed per a useful and simple classification we developed through a comprehensive literature review. Results: Diameter measurements of CT (0.73 +/- 0.13, p=0.002), splenic artery (0.69 +/- 0.1, p=0.0004), common hepatic artery (0.66 +/- 0.1, p=0.042), and left gastric artery (0.27 +/- 0.11, p=0.0001) were statistically significant in men than in women (p<0.05). In our study, type I (normal trifurcation pattern - complete) was detected in 111 (88.09%) cases, and variation was detected in 15 (11.91%) cases. The distribution of these variations is from the most common to the least; type II- (bifurcation-incomplete) 8 (6.34%), type V (additional branches) 5 (3.96%), type IV (coeliomesenteric trunk) 1 (0.79%) and 1 (0.79%) unidentified case. No type III (no CT) variation was found. Conclusion: Variations and anatomy of CT and its branches should always be taken into consideration in clinical studies, angiographic methods, and surgical interventions against possible complications.Öğe The Mandibular Landmarks about the Facial Artery and Vein with Multidetector Computed Tomography Angiography (MDCTA): an Anatomical and Radiological Morphometric Study(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2012) Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Kiresi, Demet; Seker, MuzafferThe aim of this study was to investigate the course of the facial vessels according to several mandibular landmarks in living individuals using multidetector computed tomography angiography (MDCTA) to determine these related to sex and side. This study was conducted in the Radiology Department, Meram Faculty of Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University (Konya, Turkey). In total, sixty faces from 30 specimens (15 males and 15 females) with symptoms and signs of vascular disease were evaluated for the facial vessels by MDCTA scan. The facial vessel parameters were measured according to the reference points (mandibular angle, mental protuberance, mental foramen and facial midline). The distance from the point at which the facial artery first appears in the lower margin of the mandible to the mandibular angle for right and left facial artery were observed as 3.53 +/- 0.66 cm and 3.31 +/- 0.73 cm in males, respectively. These distances were determined as 2.91 +/- 0.52 cm and 3.35 +/- 0.48 cm in females. MDCTA is a new, powerful, safe and noninvasive test to demonstrate the vasculature of the head. Bony structures and neighboring vessel morphology can be evaluated by this technique in cases of trauma with suspected vessel injuries and when considering patient selection for flap surgery.Öğe Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Retrosigmoid Approach to the Cerebellopontine Angle Using a Novel Surgical Instrument: A Cadaveric Study(Aves, 2018) Aricigil, Mitat; Arbag, Hamdi; Dundar, Mehmet Akif; Aziz, Suhayb Kuria; Yilmaz, Mehmet TugrulOBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to describe how endoscopes show the neural and vascular structures at the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) through a minimal craniotomy in a well-described anatomic point in the retrosigmoid legion and at the same time, evaluate the endoscopic anatomic exposure and maneuverability. We planned to use the new surgical instrument (endoscope cannula), which we designed on fresh frozen cadavers to simulate a real surgical procedure. MATERIALS and METHODS:The surgical procedure was planned to be performed on 20 sides of 10 fresh cadaver heads. The distance between the aster ion and mastoid process was determined, and the midpoint was then marked. From this midpoint, a craniotomy 2 cm in size was posteriorly made. The endoscope cannula together with 0 degrees or 30 degrees endoscopes was inserted to capture the panoramic views of the neurovascular structures in CPA. Endoscopic anatomic exposure and maneuverability wee evaluated using 0 degrees and 30 degrees endoscopes with/without the endoscope cannula. RESULTS: The surgeon could easily use both hands during the surgical simulation, and maneuverability was seen to increase in CPA with the use of the endoscope cannula. CONCLUSION:The surgeon can work actively with both hands when the endoscopes and the endoscope cannula are used together. We believe that owing to this, the surgeon's maneuverability would increase and a more effective minimally invasive endoscopic retrosigmoid surgery would ensue.Öğe Morphometric analysis of hippocampus and intracranial formations based on their stages in patients diagnosed with major cognitive disorder(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2022) Yucel, Nurullah; Seker, Muzaffer; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Sakci, Zakir; Bukte, YasarBackground: Alzheimer???s disease (AD) is a major cognitive disorder classified as a common type of dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most practical method for diagnostic purposes in AD. The aim of the study was to determine the volume of the hippocampus and intracranial structures in AD using MRI. Methods: A total of 102 patients with AD were classified based on the mini mental test scores as early, moderate, and advanced stage. The control group included 35 healthy subjects. MRI were compared between the patients and control groups based on the calculations made utilizing volBrain software. Intracranial volumetric parameters were also compared between the three stages of AD. Results: The white matter volumes, total hippocampus, total cerebrum, right cerebrum, left cerebrum, truncus encephalic, total nucleus caudatus and total corpus amygdaloideum were significantly increased in the AD. The white matter volumes, right hippocampus, left hippocampus, total cerebrum, left cerebrum, and right cerebellum were significantly increased in the patients in the early stage compared to the patients in the advanced stage AD. Conclusion: The most efficient volumetric study in AD could be performed by obtaining long-term periodic morphometric data of an early diagnosed and regularly followed-up patient population.Öğe Morphometric analysis of penis development in human fetuses(Scientific Publishers India, 2014) Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Akin, Duygu; Didem, Anil; Kabakci, Aydin; Sahin, Gokalp; Cicekcibasi, Aynur EmineIn this study, obtaining reference ranges for fetal penis length, penis diameter and femur lengt were aimed. The study was conducted on fifty male fetuses ranging between 14 and 37 weeks of gestational age which was determined using CRL measurement, belonging to Meram Faculty of Medicine, University of Necmettin Erbakan. Data related to penis length, penis diameter and femur length among male fetuses were determined. In 2nd and 3rd trimesters, mean values were calculated 6.62 +/- 3.06 mm and 16.58 +/- 4.82 mm for penis length, 3.39 +/- 1.38 mm and 7.99 +/- 2.07 mm for penis diameter, and 40.72 +/- 9.48 mm and 73.52 +/- 11.58 mm for femur length, respectively. The data were increased by gestational age at rates of % 70 (r(2)=0.69), % 81 (r(2)=0.81), and % 90 (r(2)=0.89), respectively. The relationship between gestational age and all those parameters were statistically meaningful (p<0.01). The reference ranges were determined using the Least Squares regression analysis as follows: Penis length (mm)= 0.763 x Gestational Age (week) - 8.230 Penis diameter (mm)= 0.373 x Gestational Age (week) - 3.947 Femur length (mm)= 2.681 x Gestational Age (week) - 12.079 A normogram belonging to fetal penis was formed which may help to clinicians during ultrasonographic diagnose of genetical anomalies, endocrinological problems and fetal gender determination.Öğe Morphometric Analysis of Suprarenal Glands (Adrenal Glands) with Multislice Computerized Tomography(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2017) Akin, Duygu; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Ozbek, Orhan; Ozbiner, Huseyin; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Buyukmumcu, Mustafa; Kabakci, Anil DidemThe aim of our study are to determine the shape, vertebrae level, height, volume, corpus medial and lateral branch thicknesses of AG and the distance from some neighboring structures on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images and also to determine the relationship between these data and gender, age, height, weight and body mass index (BMI). The study was conducted on a total of 420 MDCT images consisted of 220 male (mean age 63.44 +/- 8.00, 50-81 years), 200 female (mean age 61.23 +/- 7.95, 50-84 years) healthy individuals. Vertebrae level of AG (VLAG), height of AG (HAG), adrenal gland volume (VAG), corpus thickness of AG (CTAG), medial section thickness of AG (MTAG) and lateral section thickness of AG (LTAG) were investigated. In our study, RAG were observed on T12 vertebrae level in 38.19 % of males and 42.5 % of females and LAG were also observed at that level in 39.55 % of the male and 51 % of the female individuals. RAG were observed in all males and 98.5 % of the females and LAG were observed 88.63 % of the males and 94 % of the females Y shaped. VAG were observed lower in males compared to females in age groups and VAG was observed increasing with age in males; decreased in 60-69 age group of females and increased again in 70 and plus age group. The aim of this study is to determine normal ranges of AG sizes and the relationship of each one with sex, age, height, weight and BMI.Öğe The Morphometric Analysis of the Important Bone Structures on Skull Base in Living Individuals with Multidetector Computed Tomography(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2014) Gokce, Cihan; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Kiresi, DemetIn this study, it was aimed to determine the reliable morphometric data of the important bone structures on skull base using MDCT and to establish the differences of these data according to sex and lateralization. This study was retrospectively carried out on MDCT images in the Radiology Department of Meram Medical Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University. We evaluated the images of the 100 (male 50-female 50) adult subjects without cranial trauma, surgery, and any deformity of the bone. The height and anteroposterior diameter of the hypophysial fossa (HFheight, HFanteroposterior), the length of the occipital condylus, anterior and posterior intercondylar distances (OCn, AID, PID); sagittal diameter, transverse diameter and area of the foramen magnum (FMsgt, FMtrn, FMarea) were all measured. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS. The summary of the data was expressed as mean +/- standard deviation. Student's t test was used to compare the male-female and right-left measurements. The relation betweeen parameters was evaluated by Pearson's correlation test. It was observed that right and left data in all parameters were higher in males than females. Higher values were usually determined on the right side in both sexes. In both sexes, some parameters were highly correlated (P<0.001). We believe that the results of this study may be useful for new surgical approaches and radiological assessment concerning skull base.Öğe Morphometric Analysis of the Inferior Vena Cava Related to Lumbar Vertebra and the Aortic Bifurcation on Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT)(Soc Chilena Anatomia, 2016) Keskinoz, Elif Nedret; Salbacak, Ahmet; Akin, Duygu; Kabakci, Anil Didem Aydin; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Ozbek, OrhanVascular structures are in greater danger during lumbar surgery. The purpose of this study is to describe the morphology of the inferior vena cava (IVC) related to the lumbar vertebra and aortic bifurcation (AB) and assessing the role of demographic values in these relations to decrease the risk of complications in the surgical interventions. The study was performed on Multidetector Computed Tomography (MDCT) images of 100 male and 100 female cases with an age range from 50 to 84 years. The morphometric values of the IVC obtained from the coronal, sagittal and the axial reformatted images were measured and compared with the demographic values. The distance from the IVC to the 1st lumbar vertebra (L1) and 2nd lumbar vertebra (L2) were measured as (26.5 mm and 18.1 mm) in males and (21.1 mm and 14.2 mm) in females with a high level of significance between genders; the distance from the IVC to the iliocaval confluence (IC), 3rd lumbar vertebra (L3) and 4rd lumbar vertebra (L4) were measured as (6.5 mm, 10.5 mm and 6.9 mm) in males and (4.9 mm, 9.1 mm and 5.5 mm) in females with significance between genders. The level of the IC was detected 46 % of males, 39 % of females at the level of lower third of L4. The vertical distance between the IC and the AB was measured and negative correlation between genders based on age was detected. Demographic values are important to consider the relationship of the IVC, the lumbar vertebra and the AB. The IVC was located further from the lumbar vertebra in males compared to females. Age increase played role in the approaching of the AB and the IC to each other in both gender and the IC to the promontory level in males.Öğe Typing and Morphometric Analysis of the Pterion on Human Skull of Central Anatolia(Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications, 2022) Saygin, Duygu Akin; Kabakci, Anil Didem Aydin; Alpa, Serife; Buyukmumcu, Mustafa; Yilmaz, Mehmet TugrulIntroduction: Pterion is seen in the norma lateralis of the skull and is shaped like the letter H. Pterional approach such as retro-orbital, sellar, sub-frontal, replate areas, anterior circulation, and olfactory meningiomas, tumors involving downstream of the frontal lobe such as the orbital, basilar artery aneurysm is a commonly preferred surgical approach. The present study focused on the typing of the pterion and morphometric measurements between the pterion and surrounding important anatomic spots. Material and Methods: The present study was performed with pterion typing of 107 skull (a total of 214 sides including the right and left sides) within Anatomy Laboratories of Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Faculty of Medicine, and KTO Karatay University, Medicine Faculty. Distance between the pterion and some important (mid-point of the superior edge of the zygomatic arch, the anterior and posterior edge of the frontozygomatic suture, the tip of the mastoid process, and anterosuperior edge of suprameatal spine and asterion) spots were measured through a digital caliper in millimeter. In addition to the classification made by Murphy, three different classifications were made. The pterion was classified into seven types. Results: The rates of the types were sphenoparietal type by 55.60%, epipteric type by 3.73%, stellate type by 2.33%, frontotemporal type by 0.4%, wormian type by 5.14%, frontoparietal type by 8.87%, and frontoparietal sphenoidtype by 23.83%. Discussion and Conclusion: Morphometric characteristics of the pterion were detected in detail by the present study. Moreover, the knowledge of typing would serve as an important guide for surgical planning and procedures and may contribute to further anthropological studies. This study is aimed at the Central Anatolia population and can be conducted among other populations.Öğe Where is the apex of the sacral hiatus for caudal epidural block in the pediatric population? A radio-anatomic study(Springer Japan Kk, 2014) Cicekcibasi, Aynur Emine; Borazan, Hale; Arican, Sule; Yilmaz, Mehmet Tugrul; Sakarya, Mehmet EminCaudal epidural block (CEB), administered through the sacral hiatus, is a regional anesthetic technique commonly used in children. To facilitate and optimize pediatric CEB, morphometric data that may be important for the sacral hiatus have been obtained using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). This study is the first radio-anatomic study designed to address this topic in children. Images of 79 children (39 girls and 40 boys between 1 and 9 years old) were divided into three groups according to age [group I (ages 1-3), group II (ages 4-6), and group III (ages 7-9)] and were retrospectively examined. Data were gathered via 3D volume-rendered images. Measurements included the height and width of the sacral hiatus, S2-S4 (sacral vertebra) distance, the distances between the poles of the unfused spinous process of each sacral vertebra, and the dimensions of an imaginary triangle formed between the right and left posterior superior iliac spines (PSIS) and the apex of the sacral hiatus. The most frequently fused spinous process was at S2 level. The mean S2-S4 distance was 1.36 cm for group I, 1.78 cm for group II, and 2.17 cm for group III. There was not the imaginary equilateral triangle used in the method of finding the sacral hiatus for CEB, and the apex of this triangle did not occur at the standard level (S4) in most of the children. It was observed that the apex deriving from the most distal fused spinous process was at the level of S2 in one of two children. Dural puncture is inevitable for CEB applied at the S2 level. Consequently, CEB should be applied below this level (range, 1.36-2.17 cm) from the midpoint of the interspinous distance between the PSIS (at the same level with S2) in children aged 1-9 years.
