Can emapalumab be life saving for refractory, recurrent, and progressive cytokine storm caused by COVID-19, which is resistant to anakinra, tocilizumab, and Janus kinase inhibitors

dc.contributor.authorCure, Erkan
dc.contributor.authorKucuk, Adem
dc.contributor.authorCure, Medine Cumhur
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-23T14:37:48Z
dc.date.available2024-02-23T14:37:48Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentNEÜen_US
dc.description.abstractAlthough many potent drugs have been used for cytokine storm, mortality is high for patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), which is followed up in the intensive care unit. Interferons (IFNs) are the major cytokines of the antiviral defense system released from many cell types. However, IFN-gamma plays a key role in both primary and secondary cytokine storms. If the cytokine storm is not treated urgently, it will be fatal; therefore, it should be treated immediately. Anakinra, an interleukin-1 (IL-1) antagonist, tocilizumab, an IL-6 antagonist, and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are successfully used in cytokine storm caused by COVID-19. However, sometimes, despite these treatments, the patient's clinical course does not improve. Emapalumab (Eb) is the human immunoglobulin G1 monoclonal antibody and is a potent and noncompetitive antagonist of IFN-gamma. Eb can be life saving for cytokine storm caused by COVID-19, which is resistant to anakinra, tocilizumab, and JAK inhibitors.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.4103/ijp.IJP_615_20
dc.identifier.endpage228en_US
dc.identifier.issn0253-7613
dc.identifier.issn1998-3751
dc.identifier.issue3en_US
dc.identifier.pmid34169908en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85109091707en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ3en_US
dc.identifier.startpage226en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.IJP_615_20
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/16245
dc.identifier.volume53en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000668157500007en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWolters Kluwer Medknow Publicationsen_US
dc.relation.ispartofIndian Journal Of Pharmacologyen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectCovid-19en_US
dc.subjectCytokine Stormen_US
dc.subjectEmapalumaben_US
dc.subjectInterferonen_US
dc.subjectSars-Cov-2en_US
dc.titleCan emapalumab be life saving for refractory, recurrent, and progressive cytokine storm caused by COVID-19, which is resistant to anakinra, tocilizumab, and Janus kinase inhibitorsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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