IBN RASHIQ AL-QAYRAWANI AND EFFECT OF RHETORIC
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Tarih
2017
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Ilahiyat Bilimleri Arastirma Vakfi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Ibn Rashiq al-Qayravani, who lived in the Hijri 4th and 5th century, is among the scholars who contributed to the systematic structure of rhetoric. As well as being a poet, rhetorician and critic, he is known especially by al-'Umde fi Mehasini's-Si'r. In fact, this work, as a whole, focuses on the notion of eloquence altogether. From this point of view, can be seen as an encyclopedic work of poetry that deals with the nature, language, theme and aesthetic aspects of poetry. In the book, which consists of a hundred and seventeen topics, firstly, information on the culture and the theory of poetry is handled in thirty chapters. The emphasis on poetry's superiority to prose, the rejection of poetry against unwittingly, the benefits and harms of poetry, attacks on poets, earning poetry, old and new poets, and famous poets. Islamic view of poetry is also discussed. Al-'Umde, poetry work on the nature of the process up to Ibn Rashiq, is both extensive and abstract. Ibn Rashiq does not take a particular attitude despite the fact that in many respects he has his own original thoughts. However, after expressing various opinions on one subject, he declares his own opinion. His own internal evaluations are sometimes extremely colorful. Ibn Rashiq, who also has a poetry divan, has made important contributions to the development of literary criticism in poetry. By applying to works written up to its time, literary concepts and criticisms systematically processed in the light of their own rules and had a separate place in the field of literary criticism. Especially in the last period, it is a lot of those who see him as a transplant critic, not an original one, because of the long transfers. But it would not be right to describe it in this way. Because he has been extremely selective in these transfers before anything else. He has introduced many original concepts and has given unique names to certain concepts from time to time. Since his other works are not well known, every work in the field of literary criticism has to resort to al-'Umde. Ibn Rashiq regards ode as the superior verse of Arabic poetry. Although there are different views on how many couplets a poem should have in order to be found in the ostrich, according to Ibn Rashiq, at least seven couplets must be formed in an ode. From the earliest times, many odes have been written that do not respect these stages. However, the number of critics who think that this understanding, which started in the period of the Jahiliyyah, should be maintained is not at all small. Ibn Rashiq comes at the beginning of these. According to him, a person who writes poetry in Arabic language should be able to master Arabic language and culture, as well as the Arabic poetry fiction and order, lyric and meaningful forms of beautification. He must be able to master them. He has thus defended that every poetry will not try it, and that the original must have certain conditions. Ibn Rashiq has divided thirty-nine chapters into rhetoric in al-'Umde, and has been limited to a few issues from the al-ma'ani, al-bayan which have not yet been fully determined, and thus have not become an independent eloquence. However, has contributed originally to the arts of al-badi, a subdivision of rhetoric and has pioneered this discipline to acquire an independent identity. His classification of these matters also differs from today's groupings. For example, metaphor and allegory are considered under the title of al-bayan, while Ibn Rashiq has been assessed in the category of al-badi arts in his period. While Ibn Rashiq explains about sixty literary arts that the previous authors have identified in al-'Umde, at the same time he gave them different names and found some additions. Therefore, the true contribution to rhetoric is mainly for the arts badi and formation of the al-badi. Ibn Rashiq has made some of the additions to the badi arts, and has provided new openings for some. Moreover, has revealed unique relationships among them and contributed to the development of al-badi. It is stated in some sources that Ibn Rashiq has discovered and examined over twenty badi arts himself and assessed the views in this regard. Of course, it is true that some of these arts, such as tafri, tardid and istirak, were first introduced by Ibn Rashiq, or that some of them got new dimensions with it. However, it is not right to say that the first of all the arts that betting has been discovered by him.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ibn Rashiq, Al-'Umde, Rhetoric, Literary Criticism, Badi Arts
Kaynak
Bilimname
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
34
Sayı
2
