The effects of fullerene on photosynthetic apparatus, chloroplast-encoded gene expression, and nitrogen assimilation in Zea mays under cobalt stress

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dc.contributor.authorOzfidan-Konakci, Ceyda
dc.contributor.authorAlp, Fatma Nur
dc.contributor.authorArikan, Busra
dc.contributor.authorBalci, Melike
dc.contributor.authorParmaksizoglu, Zeynep
dc.contributor.authorYildiztugay, Evren
dc.contributor.authorCavusoglu, Halit
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-23T14:24:39Z
dc.date.available2024-02-23T14:24:39Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.departmentNEÜen_US
dc.description.abstractCarbon nanostructures, such as the water-soluble fullerene (FLN) derivatives, are considered perspective agents for agriculture. FLN can be a novel nano-agent modulating plant response against stress conditions. However, the mechanism underlying the impacts of FLN on plants in agroecosystems remains unclear. Zea mays was exposed to exogenous C-60-FLN applications (FLN1: 100; FLN2: 250; and FLN3: 500 mg L-1) with/without cobalt stress (Co, 300 mu M) for 3 days (d). In the maize chloroplasts, Co stress disrupted the photosynthetic efficiency and the expression of genes related to the photosystems (psaA and psbA). FLNs effectively improved the efficiency and photochemical reaction of photosystems. Co stress induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) as confirmed by ROS-specific fluorescence in guard cells. Co stress increased only chloroplastic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX). Stress triggered oxidative damages in maize chloroplasts, measured as an increase in TBARS content. In Co-stressed seedlings exposed to FLN1 and FLN2 exposures, the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was scavenged through the nonenzymes/enzymes-related to the AsA-GSH cycle by preserving ascorbate (AsA) conversion, as well as GSH/GSSG and glutathione (GSH) redox state. Also, the alleviation effect of FLN3 against stress could be attributed to increased glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and AsA regeneration. FLN applications reversed the inhibitory effects of Co stress on nitrogen assimilation. In maize chloroplasts, FLN increased the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), nitrite reductase (NiR), and glutamine synthetase (GS), which provided conversion of inorganic nitrogen (N) into organic N. The ammonium (NH4+) toxicity was removed via GS and GDH but not glutamate synthase (GOGAT). The increased NAD-GDH (deaminating) and NADH-GDH (aminating) activities indicated that GDH was needed more for NH4+ detoxification. Therefore, FLN exposure to Co-stressed maize plants might play a role in N metabolism regarding the partitioning of N assimilates. Exogenous FLN conceivably removed Co toxicity by improving the expressions of genes related to reaction center proteins of photosystems, increasing the level of enzymes related to the defense system, and improving the N assimilation in maize chloroplasts.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNecmettin Erbakan University [201315005]; Selcuk University [20401149]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipNecmettin Erbakan University, Grant/Award Number: 201315005; Selcuk University, Grant/Award Number: 20401149en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/ppl.13720
dc.identifier.issn0031-9317
dc.identifier.issn1399-3054
dc.identifier.issue3en_US
dc.identifier.pmid35596692en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85132860559en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1111/ppl.13720
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/14044
dc.identifier.volume174en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000804934200001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.ispartofPhysiologia Plantarumen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subject[Keyword Not Available]en_US
dc.titleThe effects of fullerene on photosynthetic apparatus, chloroplast-encoded gene expression, and nitrogen assimilation in Zea mays under cobalt stressen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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