Investigation of Effects of Two Chronic Stress Protocols on Depression-Like Behaviors and Brain Mineral Levels in Female Rats: an Evaluation of 7-Day Immobilization Stress

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dc.contributor.authorSahin, Z.
dc.contributor.authorOzkurkculer, A.
dc.contributor.authorKalkan, O. F.
dc.contributor.authorOzkaya, A.
dc.contributor.authorKoc, A.
dc.contributor.authorKoca, R. Ozen
dc.contributor.authorSolak, H.
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-23T13:59:43Z
dc.date.available2024-02-23T13:59:43Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.departmentNEÜen_US
dc.description.abstractWe aimed to investigate the effects of two different chronic immobilization stress protocols on depression-related behaviors and brain mineral levels. Adult female Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups as follows (n = 10/group): control, immobilization stress-1 (45 min daily for 7 days), and immobilization stress-2 (45 min twice a day for 7 day). Stress-related behavior was evaluated by means of the forced swimming test (FST) and open field test (OFT). Minerals were analyzed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. In the FST, swimming and immobility were significantly lower in the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups. The climbing duration of the immobilization stress-2 group was higher than the control group. In the OFT, percentage of time spent in the central area was significantly lower in the immobilization stress-1 and immobilization stress-2 groups. Values of latency to center area, rearing, and grooming did not significantly differ between groups. In the immobilization stress-1 group, zinc was lower, and iron, copper, and manganese were higher than the control group. In the immobilization stress-2 group, copper and manganese were higher, and phosphate was lower than the control group. Our results showed that depression-related behaviors were more dominant in the immobilization stress-1 group. A decrease in the brain zinc level was valid only for the immobilization stress-1 group. These results point to the role of low brain zinc levels in the pathophysiology of depression.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1007/s12011-020-02160-5
dc.identifier.endpage667en_US
dc.identifier.issn0163-4984
dc.identifier.issn1559-0720
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.pmid32328969en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85084118747en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.startpage660en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02160-5
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/11293
dc.identifier.volume199en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000528515500002en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ3en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherSpringernatureen_US
dc.relation.ispartofBiological Trace Element Researchen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectImmobilizationen_US
dc.subjectBrainen_US
dc.subjectDepressionen_US
dc.subjectAnxietyen_US
dc.subjectZincen_US
dc.subjectCopperen_US
dc.subjectManganeseen_US
dc.subjectRaten_US
dc.titleInvestigation of Effects of Two Chronic Stress Protocols on Depression-Like Behaviors and Brain Mineral Levels in Female Rats: an Evaluation of 7-Day Immobilization Stressen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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