A PORTRAIT OF A NAQSHI-KHALIDI SHEIKH IN RECENT PERIOD: KHASHOGGI ALI RIZA EFFENDI (1883-1969)

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dc.contributor.authorCoban, Ali
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-23T14:34:21Z
dc.date.available2024-02-23T14:34:21Z
dc.date.issued2018
dc.departmentNEÜen_US
dc.description.abstractThe subject of this article is a religious scholar (alim) and Naqshi-Khalidi sheikh Kasikci Ali Riza Effendi who lived in recent period. In this study, after giving a short information about the Naqshibandi history generally and its history in the Ottoman era we presented the life of Khashoggi Ali Riza Effendi, his works and his views about the westernization policies, timeserving complains and the aim of humankind creation. Ali Riza Effendi was born in Khadim (a southern province in Konia/Konya) in 1883 and died in Madina in 1969. Khashoggi lived during the period of collapse of Ottoman Empire and establishment of a new Turkish State. He witnessed that everything was chancing quickly in social and political life. And so he was affected from these changes negatively and frequently criticised them. Ali Riza Effendi started his education in his province Khadim and continued nearly two years there. After that he gived up Khadim and continued his education in Konia up to the World War I. Perhaps he got madrasa ijazah/diploma in Konya from the Yalvaci Omar Effendi. After that nearly 1920s he contacted with the prominent Naqshi sheikh Erbili Asad Effendi and became his caliph/khalifa in Konia. This liaison is one of the milestones in the life of Ali Riza Effendi because of the Manaman Incident. Allegedly Erbili Asad Effendi who is the Khashoggi's sheikh was located in the center of the incident. New Turkish State didn't see that as a local event. The Office of the Public Prosecutor in Ankara, sent telegrams demanding to be investigated religious orders. Because for the young Turkish State, Naqshibandiyya's continuing presence was a big threat to its authority. Thus, this incident as it affected all of the Naqshbandis countrywide as well as impressed Khashoggi. As a result of this event he jailed and had to abandon hometown (tark al-diyar). He numerically wrote books even if not much. His books were written after his hijrah (according to his speech terk-i diyar and hijrah) from Konia to the Madina. These works are predominantly in poetical content. His works that are prose contents too has a lot of poetic couplets. Among them are seen a work on Islamic creed (probably it is the first work of the writer). In addition to this, three of his works them are collected poems (dewans). When he writed up his works didn't aim art themed elements on the contrary aimed didactical items. The most conspicuous character in all of his works is to be written in didactical mode. Ali Riza Effendi reacted to the Turkish modernization policies. He entitled to the westernization of Turkey, as a apery of western-style. Because he entitled westernization of Turkey as a habits of heretics and innovation (bid'ah) he opposes to this process. The idea at the base of his opposition is the revolutions are contradict with the Islamic Law (Sharia). In this point the Naqshibandi sensibility on Sharia is appeared. It is known two basic principle of Naqshbandis are Sharia and to affiliate with social activities. So, his opposition arised from Sharia nicety. On the other hand, Khashoggi complains from the time slice that he lived and he didn't find favourable. This idea was derived from his opposition on the revolutions. His pesimist ideas not only about Anatolia but also especially Islamic World and generally all the World. Besides that he had some sentences that imply in his works, doomsday (Qiyamah) was approached. So the world order (nizam al-clam) was addled. From this deterioration pundits (ulama) and the mystics (stiffs) and the folk was influenced. Thus he complains from these groups. In Ali Riza Effendi's background of contrariety is the idea of these were at odds with the Shariah and the aim of creation. According to him, creation goal is knowlegde the God (marifah al-ildhiyya). The supreme curve to reach this is the love of the world (hubb al-dunya). So efforts toward worldliness in the form of secularization and laisizm showed up for him as a opposition era. As a result, Khashoggi is a local Naqshi-Khali sheikh who was studied in classical educational institutions (madrasa and khanigah). It is seen that as a traditional scholar and sheikh he relied on his traditional inheritance in face of the western civilisation. And he stated that the solution must be searced ion our road of ancestors.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.28949/bilimname.450284
dc.identifier.endpage648en_US
dc.identifier.issn2148-5860
dc.identifier.issue2en_US
dc.identifier.startpage609en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.28949/bilimname.450284
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/15563
dc.identifier.volume36en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000448709000022en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.language.isotren_US
dc.publisherIlahiyat Bilimleri Arastirma Vakfien_US
dc.relation.ispartofBilimnameen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.subjectSufismen_US
dc.subjectKhashoggi Ali Riza Effendien_US
dc.subjectNaqshbandiyya-Khalidiyyaen_US
dc.subjectWesternizationen_US
dc.titleA PORTRAIT OF A NAQSHI-KHALIDI SHEIKH IN RECENT PERIOD: KHASHOGGI ALI RIZA EFFENDI (1883-1969)en_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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