Epidemiology of bluetongue virus infection among small ruminants in Turkey: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors

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dc.contributor.authorSevik, Murat
dc.date.accessioned2024-02-23T14:13:37Z
dc.date.available2024-02-23T14:13:37Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentNEÜen_US
dc.description.abstractBluetongue (BT) is an endemic disease of small ruminants in Turkey, and it has substantial socio-economic impact at national level. To reduce this impact, vaccination has been used for the control of BT but sporadic outbreaks have been reported. Although sheep and goat farming plays an important role in rural communities, little is known about the BT epidemiological situation in small ruminants in Turkey. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of the bluetongue virus (BTV) and to identify the potential risk factors associated with BTV seropositivity in small ruminants. This study was conducted in the Antalya Province in the Mediter-ranean region of Turkey, from June 2018 to June 2019. A total of 1026 blood samples, from clinically healthy goats (n = 517) and sheep (n = 509), obtained from randomly selected unvaccinated flocks (n = 100) were tested for BTV anti-VP7 antibodies by using a competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay test. A questionnaire was administered to the flock owners to obtain data related to sampled flocks and animals. At the animal level, the true prevalence of BTV antibodies was 74.2% (n = 651/1026, 95% CI = 70.7-77.7) with 85.3% (n = 370/ 509, 95% CI = 80.6-89.9) seropositive sheep and 63.3% (n = 281/517, 95% CI = 58.2-68.4) seropositive goats. The true flock-level seroprevalence of BTV was higher in goats (100.0%, 95% CI = 92.8-100.0) than in sheep (98.8%, 95% CI = 86.6-100.0). The intra-flock seroprevalence within seropositive flocks varied between 36.4% and 100%, with a mean value of 85.5% and 61.9% in sheep and goat flocks, respectively. The logistic regression model revealed that odds of seropositivity for sheep were significantly higher in female animals (OR: 1.8, 95% CI = 1.1-2.9), animals older than 24 months old (OR: 5.8, 95% CI = 3.1-10.8), Pirlak breed (OR: 3.3, 95% CI = 1.1-10.0) and Merino breed (OR: 4.9, 95% CI = 1.6-14.9), whereas for goats, it was higher in female animals (OR: 1.7, 95% CI = 1.0-2.6), animals older than 24 months old (OR: 4.2, 95% CI = 2.7-6.6) and Hair breed (OR: 5.6, 95% CI = 2.8-10.9). The use of insecticides was identified as a protective factor. The present study revealed that BTV infection is widespread in sheep and goats in the Antalya Province. It is recommended to implement biosecurity measures in flocks and use insecticides to mitigate the spread of infection and contact between hosts and vectors.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105871
dc.identifier.issn0167-5877
dc.identifier.issn1873-1716
dc.identifier.pmid36801648en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85148376973en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105871
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12452/12501
dc.identifier.volume213en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000965619000001en_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakPubMeden_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofPreventive Veterinary Medicineen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBluetongue Virusen_US
dc.subjectSheepen_US
dc.subjectGoatsen_US
dc.subjectSeroprevalenceen_US
dc.subjectRisk Factorsen_US
dc.subjectTurkeyen_US
dc.titleEpidemiology of bluetongue virus infection among small ruminants in Turkey: Seroprevalence and associated risk factorsen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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