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    Hemostatic Efficacy and Histopathological Effects of Ankaferd Blood Stopper in an Experimental Rat Model of Cyclophosphamide-induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Kilic, Ozcan; Akand, Murat; Karabagli, Pinar; Piskin, Mehmet Mesut
    OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and histopathological effects of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) in an experimental rat model of cyclophosphamide-induced (CYP) hemorrhagic cystitis (HC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study. Firstly, 10 rats were divided equally into 2 groups where the first group was administered only an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of normal saline to constitute the negative control group (CON). The remaining 5 rats were administered only a single i.p. injection of CYP (without any further treatment) for induction of HC to constitute the positive control group (HC). Subsequently, the remaining 30 rats, which also received i.p. CYP for induction of HC, were divided into 3 groups to which intravesical saline (SAL group), epinephrine (EPN group), and ABS (ANK group) were administered for 3 consecutive days. Ten days after the third instillation, cystectomy was performed for histopathological examination. Specimens were evaluated for presence of congestion, edema, necrosis, ulceration, and regenerated epithelium, and scores were given for each parameter according to the severity. RESULTS No statistically significant difference was observed for congestion, edema, necrosis, and ulceration between HC-SAL, and also between CON-ANK groups (all P values > .05). There was a significant difference for total scores between EPN and ANK groups (P = .009). There was statistically significant difference for regenerating epithelium between CON-EPN, CON-ANK, HCANK, and SAL-ANK groups. CONCLUSION Intravesical administration of ABS is at least as efficacious as EPN in terms of congestion, edema, necrosis, and ulceration. Moreover, ABS can be considered as a better option in inducing regenerating epithelium than EPN. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc.
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    Intravenous paracetamol for relief of pain during transrectal-ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    (Elsevier Taiwan, 2015) Kilic, Ozcan; Akand, Murat; Kulaksizoglu, Haluk; Haliloglu, Ahmet H.; Tanidik, Seher; Piskin, Mehmet M.; Yurdakul, Talat
    Transrectal-ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy (TRUS-PBx) is the standard procedure for diagnosing prostate cancer. The procedure does cause some pain and discomfort; therefore, an adequate analgesia is necessary to ensure patient comfort, which can also facilitate good-quality results. This prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study aimed to determine if intravenous (IV) paracetamol can reduce the severity of pain associated with TRUS-PBx. The study included 104 patients, scheduled to undergo TRUS-PBx with a suspicion of prostate cancer, that were prospectively randomized to receive either IV paracetamol (paracetamol group) or placebo (placebo group) 30 minutes prior to TRUS-PBx. All patients had 12 standardized biopsy samples taken. Pain was measured using a 10-point visual analog pain scale during probe insertion, during the biopsy procedure, and 1 hour postbiopsy. All biopsies were performed by the same urologist, whereas a different urologist administered the visual analog pain scale. There were not any significant differences in age, prostatespecific antigen level, or prostate volume between the two groups. The pain scores were significantly lower during probe insertion, biopsy procedure, and 1 hour postbiopsy in the paracetamol group than in the placebo group. In conclusion, the IV administration of paracetamol significantly reduced the severity of pain associated with TRUS- PBx. Copyright (C) 2015, Kaohsiung Medical University. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved.
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    Preliminary feasibility study of a new method of hypothermia in an experimental canine model
    (2017) Sert, İbrahim Ünal; Akand, Murat; Kılıç, Özcan; Yavru, Nuri; Bulut, Ersan
    Objective: To build up a new microcontroller thermoelectric system to achieve renal hypothermia.Material and methods: Renal hypothermia system was tested under in vivo conditions in the kidneys of tenMongrel dogs. Ambient temperature was evaluated using two different microcontrollers. In order to ensurehypothermia in the renal parenchyma, selection can be made among 4 modules and sensors which detectthe temperature of the area. The temperature range of the system was adjusted between -50C and 50C.Results: When single and double poles of the kidney were cooled, initial mean intraperitoneal temperaturevalues were found 37.7C for rectum and 36.5C for renal cortex and medulla. After the temperature of thecooling module was set to 12C, the module was placed on the poles of the kidney. After fifteen minutes,temperature was 15.4C in the lower pole of the kidney, 28.1C in the cortex of the other side and 29.2C inthe intramedullary region. The temperature was found to be 15C in the vicinity and 26.1C in the cortexacross the module. After the system was stabilized, a very slight change was observed in the temperature.Conclusion: Hypothermia system developed ensured desired cooling of the targeted part of the kidney;however, it did not cause a change in the temperature of other parts of the kidney or general body temperature.Thus, it was possible to create a long-term study area for renal parenchymal surgery.
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    The role of vitamin E in the prevention of zoledronic acid-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: a light and electron microscopy study
    (Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2018) Sert, Ibrahim Unal; Kilic, Ozcan; Akand, Murat; Saglik, Lutfi; Avunduk, Mustafa Cihat; Erdemli, Esra
    Introduction: Bisphosphonates are widely used in metastatic cancer such as prostate and breast cancer, and their nephrotoxic effects have been established previously. In this study we aimed to evaluate both the nephrotoxic effects of zoledronic acid (ZA) and the protective effects of vitamin E (Vit-E) on this process under light and electron microscopy. Material and methods: A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups. The first group constituted the control group. The second group was given i.v. ZA of 3 mg/kg once every 3 weeks for 12 weeks from the tail vein. The third group received the same dosage of ZA with an additional i.m. injection of 15 mg Vit-E every week for 12 weeks. Tissues were taken 4 days after the last dose of ZA for histopathological and ultrastructural evaluation. Paller score, tubular epithelial thickness and basal membrane thickness were calculated for each group. Results: For group 2, the p-values are all < 0.001 for Paller score, epitelial thickness, and basal membrane thickness. For group 3 (ZA + Vit. E), the p-values are < 0.001 for Paller score, 0.996 for epitelial thickness, and < 0.001 basal membrane thickness. Significant differences were also observed in ultrastructural changes for group 2. However, adding Vit-E to ZA administration reversed all the histopathological changes to some degree, with statistical significance. Conclusions: Administration of ZA had nephrotoxic effects on rat kidney observed under both light and electron microscopy. Concomitant administration of Vit-E significantly reduces toxic histopathological effects of ZA.