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Öğe AH Plus’ın geleneksel yöntem ya da PIPS aktivasyonu ile uygulanan yıkama solüsyonlarıyla muamele edilmiş kök dentini yüzeyini ıslatabilirliği(2018) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Terlemez, Arslan; Batıbay, Ahmet BurçinAmaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı; epoksi rezin içerikli kökkanal patının (AH Plus) sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl), klorheksidin glukonat (CHX), etilendiamintetraasetik asit (EDTA) yıkama solüsyonlarının geleneksel yöntemle ya da foton indüklüfotoakustik dalgalanma (PIPS) aktivasyon tekniğiyle uygulandığı dentin yüzeyini ıslatabilirliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma için 60 adet tek köklü diş hazırlandı ve dişler silikon ölçü maddesi içerisine sabitlendi. Silikonsertleştikten sonra dişler bukkolingual yönde dikey olarak ikiparçaya ayrıldı. Bir yarım diş örneği tekrar silikon içerisine yerleştirildi. Örnekler 6 deney grubuna ayrıldı (n10) ve şu yıkama prosedürleri uygulandı: Grup 1, NaOCl; Grup 2, CHX; Grup3, EDTA; Grup 4, NaOClPIPS; Grup 5, CHXPIPS; Grup 6, EDTAPIPS. İşlem görmeyen diğer yarım diş örneklerinden rastgele seçilen 10 tanesi kontrol grubu olarak kullanıldı ve distilesu içerisinde bekletildi. Bir damla kök kanal patı her bir kuru dentin yüzeyine damlatıldı. Kanal patı ve kök dentini arasındaki temas açısı dinamik temas açısı ölçüm cihazıyla belirlendi. Veriler, tek yönlü varyans analizi ile istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Ortalama temas açısı değerleri NaOCl grubunda60.93, CHX grubunda 57.77, EDTA grubunda 64,61 olup deney grupları ve kontrol grubunun temas açıları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p0,05). Yıkamasolüsyonlarının PIPS ile aktivasyonu AH Plus’ın ıslatma davranışını değiştirmemiştir (p 0,05). Sonuç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın sınırları dahilinde yıkama solüsyonunun türü ve uygulama metodu AH Plus’ın ıslatma davranışını etkilememiştir.Öğe Antibacterial effect of chlorhexidine-cetrimide combination, Salvia officinalis plant extract and octenidine in comparison with conventional endodontic irrigants(Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2016) Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Eldeniz, Ayce UnverdiThe aim of the present study was to compare the antimicrobial effect of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), a CHX/cetrimide solution (CHX+CTR), octenidine hydrochloride (OCT) and Salvia officinalis plant extract against Enterococcus faecalis. Seventy decoronated single -rooted human teeth were infected and divided into 6 test (n,=10) and 2 control groups (n=5) (negative, sterile samples and positive, infected samples). Following irrigants were then applied to test groups: 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX, CHX+CTR, S. officinalis extract and OCT. The dentin chips were obtained from inner root canal walls and analyzed by counting the number of colony forming units (CFU). The 2.5% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, CHX and OCT groups presented no bacterial growth (CFU=0). S. officinalis and CHX+CTR groups reduced the number of E. faecalis cells but could not eliminate all. OCT may have potential as an endodontic irrigant in treatment of infected root canals.Öğe Çeşitli antiseptik taşıyıcılarla karıştırılan kalsiyum hidroksitin Enterococcus faecalis üzerindeki antimikrobiyal etkinliği(2017) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Güneşer, Mehmet Burak; Ünverdi Eldeniz, AyçeAmaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı farklı antiseptik taşıyıcı - kalsiyum hidroksit (KH) kombinasyonlarının Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) ile enfekte kök kanallarındaki antibakteriyel etkinliğini dentin blok modeli kullanarak test etmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Altmış adet çekilmiş insan dişi örnekleri hazırlandı. Elli-beş tane kök segmenti E. faecalis ile 2 hafta boyunca enfekte edildi. Örnekler 5 deney grubuna ayrıldı (n=10) ve şu KH – antiseptik taşıyıcı karışımları uygulandı: Grup 1, KH + gliserin - distile su (7:1); Grup 2, KH + Octenisept; Grup 3, KH + %2’lik klorheksidin glukonat (CHX); Grup 4, KH + Savlex; Grup 5, KH + %5.25’lik sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl). Antiseptik-KH karışımları 7 gün boyunca kök kanallarında bekletildi. Beş örnek sterilliği kontrol etmek için (negatif kontrol), beş örnek de pozitif kontrol olarak kullanıldı. Gates glidden frezler (# 3, 4, 5) yardımıyla kanal duvarlarından elde edilen dentin örnekleri fosfat-tamponlu salin (PBS) ve cam boncuk içeren şişelere aktarıldı ve 30 sn vortekslendi. Bakteri içeren PBS’ye seri dilüsyon yapıldı. Her bir dilüsyondan 25 μL halinde damlalar tripton soya agar plakları üzerine ekildi ve 37°C’de 48 saat inkübe edildi. Görünür koloni sayıları incelendi ve log10 değerlerine dönüştürüldü. İstatistiksel analiz için Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann Whitney-U testleri kullanıldı. Bulgular: Negatif kontrol grubunda bakteri üremesi görülmezken pozitif kontrol grubunun bütün örneklerinde bakteri üremesi gözlemlenmiştir (log10 3,47 CFU ml-1 ). Deney grupları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). KH + CHX ve KH + Savlex gruplarında E. faecalis biyofilmi tamamen elimine edilmiştir. Sonuç: Savlex, Octenisept ve NaOCl gibi çeşitli antiseptik ajanlar KH ile karıştırılarak kullanıldığında kök kanallarından E. faecalis’i elimine etmede etkili bulunmuştur.Öğe Comparison of Different Irrigation Activation Regimens and Conventional Irrigation Techniques for the Removal of Modified Triple Antibiotic Paste from Root Canals(Elsevier Science Inc, 2015) Akman, Melek; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Aydinbelge, Hale Ari; Belli, SemaIntroduction: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of irrigation activation regimens and conventional syringe irrigation technique in the removal of modified triple antibiotic paste (mTAP) from root canal walls. Methods: Fifty-six extracted human mandibular premolars were prepared using ProTaper rotary files (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) up to size F4. The root canals were filled with mTAP medicament, and after 21 days, the roots were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 10) according to the irrigation regimens used: conventional syringe irrigation (Cl), Self-Adjusting File (SAF; ReDent-Nova, Ra'anana, Israel), EndoVac (Discus Dental, Culver City, CA), EndoActivator (Dentsply, Tulsa, OK), and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). In 3 teeth, mTAP was not removed (positive controls), and another 3 teeth were not filled with mTAP (negative controls). The roots were sectioned, and the amount of remaining medicament at each root half (n = 20) was evaluated at 30x magnification using a 4-grade scoring system. Data were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: There were statistically significant differences among all experimental groups; of which, the Cl group was the significantly least efficient in removing mTAP from the root canal (P < .05). At the apical and middle third, the PUI, SAF, EndoVac, and EndoActivator groups removed significantly more mTAP medicament than the Cl group (P < .05); however, there were no significant differences between these groups (P > .05). The SAF and PUI showed significantly better performances in removing mTAP from the coronal third (P < .05). Conclusions: The use of irrigation activation regimens significantly improves the removal of mTAP from root canals when compared with Cl.Öğe Diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin dental anksiyete-korku düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi(2018) Menziletoğlu, Dilek; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Büyükerkmen, Emine Begüm; Işık, Bozkurt KubilayAmaç: Diş hekimliği fakültesi 1., 2., 3. ve 4. sınıflar arasındaki dental anksiyete-korku seviyelerini karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Diş hekimliği fakültesinde eğitim gören 1. sınıf (n66), 2. Sınıf (n59), 3.sınıf (n60) ve 4. sınıf öğrencilerinin (n49) dental girişimlere karşı olan anksiyete ve korku seviyelerini ölçmek için anketler uygulandı. Bu anketler Modifiye Dental Anksiyete Skalası (MDAS) ve Dental Korku Skalası’ydı (DKS). MDAS skorları 19 olanlar yüksek anksiyete seviyesi olduğu düşünüldü. DKS skorlarına göre; 80 puan üstü aşırı yüksek anksiyeteli, 60-80 puan arası yüksek anksiyeteli, 4060 puan arası ılımlı anksiyeteli ve 40 puanın altı düşük anksiyeteli olarak değerlendirildi. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgular değerlendirilirken, istatistiksel analizler için IBM SPSS Statistics 22 programı kullanıldı. Bulgular: Bu çalışma; 79’u (%33.8) erkek ve 155’i (%66.2) kadın olmak üzere toplam 234 öğrenci üzerinde yapılmıştır. Öğrencilerin DKS skorları 19 ile 89 arasında değişmekteydi. Birinci sınıfların DKS puan ortalamaları, diğer sınıflardan anlamlı şekilde yüksek bulunmuştur (p:0,011). Öğrencilerin MDAS skorları 5-20 arasında değişmekte olup, öğrenciler arasında %3.8’inde yüksek dental anksiyete görülmüştür. Gruplar arasında MDAS puan ortalamaları açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır (p:0,206). Sonuç: Birinci sınıf öğrencilerinin dental anksiyete ve korku düzeyleri diğer sınıflara göre daha yüksek bulundu. Hem eğitim seviyesinin hem de diş hekimliği eğitiminin, dental anksiyete ve korku seviyesinin azalmasında etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir.Öğe Does the Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming Activation of Irrigation Solutions Alter the Dentin Microhardness?(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2019) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Terlemez, ArslanObjective: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) activation of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the dentin microhardness and to assess the compositional changes of root dentin. Background data: It is still unclear whether PIPS activation of irrigants alters the dentin microhardness and mineral content of dentin. Materials and methods: Root canals of 72 extracted single-rooted teeth were prepared and teeth were fixed in microcentrifuge tubes with silicone impression material. After setting of the silicone, teeth were removed and split longitudinally in buccolingual direction. One half was used as control (pretreatment) while the other was placed into the tube (posttreatment). Then specimens were divided into six test groups (three with and three without PIPS activation). The irrigants tested were 2.5% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, and 2% CHX. Experimental tooth specimens were irrigated with 6 mL of test solution, with additional PIPS activation applied to the PIPS groups. Then specimens were subjected to Vickers microhardness testing. Percentage change of microhardness was calculated. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was performed to measure element content. Results: Among the irrigant-alone groups, NaOCl and CHX did not alter the dentin microhardness, whereas statistically lower microhardness values were obtained in EDTA group. Chemical composition of dentin was affected from all irrigants used. PIPS activation led to no additional alteration in dentin microhardness. PIPS significantly increased the phosphorus level in NaOCl group. Conclusions: Dentin microhardness was significantly affected by the irrigation solution, not by the PIPS activation.Öğe Effect of intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine in comparison with Bioaggregate apical plugs(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Akman, Melek; Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Eldeniz, Ayce UnverdiTo evaluate the effect of intracanal medicaments on the push-out bond strength of Biodentine in comparison with DiaRoot BioAggregate (BA) when used as apical plugs. Forty single-rooted teeth were prepared using Peeso reamers. The samples were divided into four groups. The intracanal medicaments were applied to the root canals as follows: Group1: a combination of metronidazole-ciprofloxacin-cefaclor, Group2: a combination of metronidazole-ciprofloxacin, Group3: calcium hydroxide, and Group4: no medication. After 21 days, the medicaments were removed. The apical part of each root was horizontally sectioned into 1-mm thick slices. The samples were divided into two subgroups, and the following materials were placed: Biodentine, DiaRoot-BioAggregate. After 48-h incubation, the push-out bond strength was measured. The data were analyzed by a two-way ANOVA. Biodentine showed a significantly higher mean push-out bond strength value than DiaRoot-BioAggregate (P=0.00). The medications have an effect on the push-out bond strength of both materials (P=0.002). Biodentine showed better adhesive performance as an apical plug than DiaRoot-BioAggregate.Öğe Effects of Novel Root Repair Materials on Attachment and Morphological Behaviour of Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts: Scanning Electron Microscopy Observation(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Arpaci, Pembegul Uyar; Eldeniz, Ayce UnverdiThe aim of this study was to evaluate the adhesion of periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLs) on newly proposed root repair materials [Biodentine, MM-MTA, polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement, and SDR], in comparison with contemporary root repair materials [IRM, Dyract compomer, ProRoot MTA (PMTA), and Vitrebond]. Five discs from each material were fabricated in sterile Teflon molds, and the specimens were aged and prewetted in cell culture media for 96 hours. Three material discs were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the assessment of the attachment, density, and morphological changes in the PDLs, while two samples were used for energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) to determine the elemental composition of the materials. Human PDLs were plated onto the materials at a density of 10,000/well, and incubated for 3 days. The SEM micrographs were taken at different magnifications (5003 and 50003). In the SEM, the cells were attached and well spread-out on the surfaces of the Biodentine, PMTA, and Dyract compomer, while varied cell densities and morphological alterations were observed in the Vitrebond, IRM, MM-MTA, SDR, and PMMA bone cement groups. The SEM-EDX analysis revealed a maximum calcium percentage in the PMTA specimens, as well a maximum silicon percentage in the Dyract compomer specimens. This in vitro study demonstrated that the Biodentine and Dyract compomer supported PDL cell adhesion and spreading. The PMTA presented a favorable scaffold for better attachment of the PDL cell aggregates. Therefore, the calcium and silicon content of a material may enhance the PDL cell attachment.Öğe Efficacy of Twisted File Adaptive, Reciproc and ProTaper Universal Retreatment instruments for root-canal-filling removal: A cone-beam computed tomography study(Japanese Soc Dental Materials Devices, 2016) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Akman, Melek; Terlemez, Arslan; Magat, Guldane; Sener, Sevgi; Shetty, HeereshThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Twisted File (TF) Adaptive, Reciproc, and ProTaper Universal Retreatment (UR) System instruments for removing root-canal-filling. Sixty single rooted teeth were decoronated, instrumented and obturated. Preoperative CBCT scans were taken and the teeth were retreated with TF Adaptive, Reciproc, ProTaper UR, or hand files (n=15). Then, the teeth were rescanned, and the percentage volume of the residual root-canal-filling material was established. The total time for retreatment was recorded, and the data was statistically analyzed. The statistical ranking of the residual filling material volume was as follows: hand file=TF Adaptive>ProTaper UR=Reciproc. The ProTaper UR and Reciproc systems required shorter periods of time for retreatment. Root canal filling was more efficiently removed by using Reciproc and ProTaper UR instruments than TF Adaptive instruments and hand files. The TF Adaptive system was advantageous over hand files with regard to operating time.Öğe Farklı antiseptik taşıyıcı ve kalsiyum hidroksit kombinasyonlarının doku çözücü etkinliğinin incelenmesi(2017) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Güneşer, Mehmet Burak; Ünverdi Eldeniz, AyçeAmaç: Bu in vitro çalışmanın amacı farklı antiseptik taşıyıcı-kalsiyum hidroksit (KH) kombinasyonlarının sığır dokusu üzerindeki doku çözücü etkinliğini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Yeni kesilmiş sığır damağından doku örnekleri elde edildi. Benzer şekilli 170 adet doku örneği hazırlandı. Örnekler önceden tartılan mikrosantrifüj tüplerine yerleştirildi ve 55C'de 18 saat kurutuldu. Başlangıç ağırlıkları hassas terazi ile ölçüldü. KH tozu; gliserin-distile su karışımı (7:1), Octenisept, Savlex, Klorheksidin (CHX) ya da sodyum hipoklorit (NaOCl) ile karıştırıldı. Hazırlanan kanal içi medikamentler (KM), doku örnekleri içeren tüplere yerleştirildi ve 20 sn vortekslendi. Örnekler 37 C'de %100 nemlilikte KHgliserin-distile su, KHOctenisept, KHSavlex, KHCHX ya da KHNaOCl karışımlarının içerisinde, 1, 3 ve 7 gün boyunca inkübe edildi, sonrasında 5 ml distile su ile yıkandı. Örnekler tekrar 55C'de 18 saat kurutuldu ve son kuru ağırlıkları ölçüldü. Doku ağırlık kaybı yüzdesi hesaplandı ve veriler tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Tukey testleri kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: KHCHX, KHNaOCl ve KHOctenisept grupları, KHSavlex ve KHgliserin-distile su gruplarına göre sığır damak dokusunu daha iyi çözmüştür (P 0.05). KHOctenisept karışımı 3 günlük inkübasyon periyodunda daha iyi doku çözücü etkinlik sergilemiştir. Sonuç: KH'yi %5.25'lik NaOCl, %2'lik CHX ya da Octenisept ile karıştırarak kullanmak pulpa artıklarını çözmek bakımından klinisyenler için daha avantajlı olacaktır.Öğe Interfacial characteristics of BIOfactor MTA and Biodentine with dentin(Wiley, 2023) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Mutlu, Seref Nur; Soylu, Mehmet Ali; Simsek, EmineThe objective of this study was to characterize the interface between dentin and MTA-Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, Brasil), Biodentine (Septodont, France) and BIOfactor MTA (Imicryl, Konya, Turkey) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy disperse X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Fifteen dentin segments were obtained from previously extracted single-rooted human teeth. Canal lumens were instrumented with diamond burs and then randomly filled with MTA-Angelus, Biodentine or BIOfactor MTA and placed in distilled water or Hanks' Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) for 28-days. The samples were examined with SEM and the thickness of the interfacial layer measured. SEM-EDS analysis was performed to determine principal elemental composition of the material, dentin, and interfacial area. The marginal adaptation of cements to dentin was assessed by confocal microscopy and the percentage of material penetration was calculated. An interfacial layer was evident in approximately 70% of SEM images in both MTA-Angelus and BIOfactor samples. The thickness of interfacial layer was significantly higher in HBSS than in distilled water for all groups. MTA Angelus resulted in the thickest interfacial layer in distilled water while Biodentine had the thickest interfacial layer in HBSS. Calcium levels within the BIOfactor MTA-dentin interface were higher than both dentin and cement. Dentin penetration was higher in BIOfactor MTA and silicon was evident in all material-dentin interfaces. All calcium silicate-based materials promoted the formation of an interfacial layer. BIOfactor MTA exhibited promising characteristics with its good marginal adaptation even though it presented a moderately thick interfacial layer. Research Highlights A distinguishable interfacial layer was observed in most of the samples within the BIOfactor MTA, MTA-Angelus and Biodentine groups. The elemental constitution of the interfacial layer was different from that of the calcium silicate based materials.Öğe Tooth Discoloration Effect of BIOfactor Mineral Trioxide Aggregate: A 6-Month In Vitro Study(Mdpi, 2023) Mutlu, Seref Nur; Akbulut, Makbule BilgeThe central objective of this research was to examine the color consistency of three materials, Biodentine (Septodont, France), Angelus MTA (Angelus, Brasil), and BIOfactor MTA (Imicryl, Turkey), when exposed to various irrigation solutions and to observe their impact on tooth discoloration. Each material was used to make sample cylinders (n = 18). After hardening, the samples were immersed for 24 h in either distilled water, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), or 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX). A spectrophotometer was used to measure the color changes. On the mandibular molars, access cavities were made in order to assess the discoloring impact of calcium silicate cements. In the pulp chambers of the teeth, Biodentine, Angelus MTA, and BIOfactor MTA were inserted (n = 17). Glass ionomer cement was used to seal the samples. Spectrophotometric measurements were made at five different intervals (the beginning, one week, one month, three months, and six months), after which color variance values were computed. The resulting information was statistically evaluated. In all solutions, Biodentine and BIOfactor MTA displayed similar & UDelta;E values. When Angelus MTA was soaked in NaOCl, it discolored more than in CHX or distilled water. Distilled water and NaOCl both caused identical discoloration on all material groups when solutions were examined separately. With CHX, Biodentine changed colors more significantly. After a week and a month, all substances caused comparable tooth discoloration. Biodentine produced the most significant color shifts on teeth at the third and sixth months. Angelus MTA exhibited less color stability in NaOCl and Biodentine in CHX. While Biodentine induced significant discoloration, BIOfactor MTA only showed a moderate amount.Öğe Tooth discoloration effects of calcium silicate based barrier materials used in revascularization and treatment with internal bleaching(Elsevier Taiwan, 2017) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Terlemez, Arslan; Akman, Melek; Buyukerkmen, Begum; Guneser, Mehmet Burak; Eldeniz, Ayce UnverdiBackground/purpose: Usage of barrier materials is an important step in revascularization procedure. One of the undesired properties of these barrier materials is to cause coronal tooth discoloration. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the tooth discoloration induced by ProRoot MTA (PMTA), Biodentine, and MM-MTA, as well as the efficacy of internal bleaching on this discoloration. Materials and methods: Forty-two maxillary incisor teeth were prepared. Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) was placed in the root canals and incubated for 3 weeks. After removing the TAP, blood embedded spongostans were inserted into the root canals, and PMTA, Biodentine, or MM-MTA was placed over them. The teeth were incubated for 4 weeks at 37 degrees C; then, the internal bleaching agent was sealed for one week. The tooth color was measured throughout the study and the color change values (Delta E) of each specimen were calculated, and the data was statistically analyzed using the one-way ANOVA and Tamhane's T2 tests. Results: The TAP significantly decreased the luminosity of the teeth (p < 0.05); however, no significant differences were observed between the tooth discolorations induced by the PMTA, Biodentine, and MM-MTA (p > 0.05). The teeth in the Biodentine group were more whitened than those of the PMTA and MM-MTA groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although the PMTA, Biodentine, and MM-MTA caused similar color alterations in the teeth, more bleaching was observed on those teeth discolored using TAP + blood + Biodentine. (C) 2017 Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.Öğe Use of Root-end Filling Materials After Root-end Resections Among Oral Surgeons: A National Survey(Galenos Yayincilik, 2020) Akbulut, Makbule Bilge; Yusufoglu, Selen Ince; Menziletoglu, DilekObjective: The placement of a root-end filling material to seal the end of the root canal is one of the most important procedures in apical surgery. In Turkey, root-end surgeries are most often performed by oral surgeons. This national survey aimed to evaluate and describe the use of root-end filling materials after apical resections among oral surgeons. Materials and Methods: A web-based survey consisting of nine questions was prepared using Google forms, and the link to the survey was sent to the oral surgeons. The questionnaire collected information regarding age, gender, level of education, number of years of practice, type of institution, average frequency of root-end resections performed per month, whether root-end filling material was used after apical resections, type of the root-end filling material used and reasons for not placing a root-end filling material. Data was expressed as percentages and frequency rates. Chi-square test was used to identify associations between the usage patterns and surgeons' demographics. Results: A total of 155 questionnaires were returned. Most of the oral surgeons surveyed (82.6%) performed root-end resections at a rate of <20% per month. Our data indicated that 47.7% of the respondents routinely used a root-end filling material after an apical resection, whereas 9% of them never used it. Most of the participants who used root-end filling material preferred a calcium-silicate-based material (95.1%). Conclusion: According to the survey results, a significant number of oral surgeons still do not use a root-end filling material after apical surgery for various reasons. Oral surgeons' knowledge on this topic should be improved.
