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    Effects of modified step Le Fort I advancement surgery on nostril area and inferior nasal structures volume in class III patients: a retrospective clinical study
    (Springer, 2023) Akbulut, Nihat; Akbulut, Sibel; Bayrak, Seval; Şen, Esengül; Altan, Ahmet; Kaymaz, Gizemnur; Çolak, Sefa
    Objective: The effect of the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy on the inferior nasal structures and the nostril area was evaluated. Materials and methods: This study included 24 patients who had modified step Le Fort I osteotomy. Inferior nasal concha volume (INCV), meatus nasi inferior volume (MNIV), the sum of both structures volume (TV), and nostril area (NA) were evaluated in pre- (T0) and postoperative (T1) periods. Results: For all patients, NA increased both on the right side (p = 0.011) and left side (p = 0.050) after surgery. The INCV and TV values were lower in T1 than those in T0; however, a statistically significant decrease of INCV and TV was found only in the right side of males (p = 0.039 and p = 0.050, respectively). No significant difference was found in MNIV between T0 and T1 measurements (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Maxillary advancement with the modified step Le Fort I osteotomy technique increased the NA, which may have a positive effect on breathing function. On the other hand, although TV tended to decrease, MNIV did not change after surgery as the same decreasing tendency also existed in INCV. Clinical relevance: Step Le Fort I advancement surgery technique usually afects nasal structures positively regarding the nasal airway.
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    Evaluation of bony changes observed in mandibular osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles following bilateral sagittal ramus osteotomy by fractal analysis
    (Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Colak, Sefa; Altan, Ahmet; Bayrak, Seval; Akbulut, Nihat
    Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the surgically impacted trabecular changes in mandibular osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy using the fractal analysis method. Materials and method The study population consisted of 30 patients (9 male, 21 female) diagnosed with mandibular prognathism and operated with bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy under general anesthesia. Fractal analyses observed the alterations on the trabecular structure of osteotomy lines, and mandibular condyles on panoramic radiographs obtained preoperatively, postoperatively, 1st week, 6th month, and 12th month. The box-counting method was used to evaluate the changes in trabecular structure by fractal analysis. P-values of less than 0.05 were considered significant. Results The fractal dimension values in both osteotomy lines and mandibular condyles were significantly decreased on postoperative 1st week regarding preoperative values. However, fractal dimension values commenced increasing in the following postoperative period. The fractal dimension values of the horizontal and vertical osteotomy lines reached their preoperative values on postoperative 6th and 12th month, respectively. The decreased fractal dimension values observed in the early postoperative period in the right and left condyles reached their preoperative values at the 6th postoperative month. Conclusion Fractal analyses performed postoperatively can provide information about trabecular changes and bone healing of structures such as osteotomy lines directly affected by bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy and indirectly affected mandibular condyles. The results support that fractal analysis can be used together with clinical data in the evaluation of bone healing process.
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    Evaluation of clinical and radiographic features of impacted premolar teeth in the central black sea region
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2023) Colak, Sefa; Erdil, Aras; Altan, Ahmet
    Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic features, associated pathologies and treatment planning of impacted premolar teeth among a specific population. Material and Methods: Patients who applied to an oral and maxillofacial surgery clinic with the complaint of impacted premolars between 2017 and 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Demographic data, panoramic radiographs, treatments and associated pathologies of 83 patients included in the study were recorded. Impacted premolars were classified according to depth and angulation. Results: A total of 63 teeth were observed in 51 female patients and a total of 45 teeth were observed in 32 male patients. Of 108 impacted premolars, 32 teeth were detected in the maxilla and 76 in the mandible. The impaction depth classification revealed that 44 of 108 teeth were in Class 1, 58 of them were in Class 2, and 6 of them were in Class 3. Angulation classification revealed that 43 teeth were vertically located, 41 were mesioangular, 13 teeth were horizontally located, nine teeth were distoangular, one was buccolingual, and one was located ectopically regarding the associated pathologies, of the 108 impacted premolars, dentigerous cysts were observed with 13 teeth, odontomas with four teeth, persistent primary teeth with four teeth, and root resorption in the adjacent teeth with two teeth. Discussion: Mandibular and maxillary second premolars tend to be impacted at a higher rate than first premolars. Orthodontic treatment procedures can be applied in cases where the amount of impaction is less and severe angulation is not observed.